Ning Zhao’s research while affiliated with Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and other places

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Publications (13)


Locations over the participants’ scalps at which the TMS was applied in three experimental conditions (A–C) and the stimulation schedule and protocols (D,E).
Normalized RCS on the SRT and SDMT of participants in the iTBS, CTBS, and SHAM groups on post-TMS1, post-TMS3, and post-TMS5 occasions. RCS, Rate-correct score; SRT, simple reaction time; SDMT, symbol digital modality test. The bars denote the means, and the error bars denote the SEs.
The initial SEM model for the reaction times of SRT and SDMT. Stimulation conditions: iTBS: 1, CTBS: 2, SHAM: 3. Gender: female: 0 and male: 1.
The final path diagram of SEM of iTBS vs SHAM on RpSMA. ITBS: 1, SHAM: 3. Gender: female: 0 and male: 1. SRT_Post_TMS1: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post1st occasion, SRT_post_TMS3: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post3rd occasion, SRT_Post_TMS5: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post5th occasion. SDMT Post_TMS1: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post1st occasion, SDMT_post_TMS3: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post3rd occasion, SDMT_Post_TMS5: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post5th occasion.
The final SEM path diagram of SEM of CTBS vs SHAM on MCV6. CTBS: 2, SHAM: 3. female: 0 and male: 1. SRT_Post_TMS1: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post1st occasion, SRT_post_TMS3: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post3rd occasion, SRT_Post_TMS5: SRT’s normalized RCSs at post5th occasion. SDMT_Post_TMS1: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post1st occasion, SDMT_post_TMS3: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post3rd occasion, SDMT_Post_TMS5: SDMT’s normalized RCSs at post5th occasion.

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Theta burst stimulation on the fronto-cerebellar connective network promotes cognitive processing speed in the simple cognitive task
  • Article
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July 2024

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17 Reads

Ning Zhao

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Chetwyn C. H. Chan

Background The fronto-cerebellar functional network has been proposed to subserve cognitive processing speed. This study aims to elucidate how the long-range frontal-to-cerebellar effective connectivity contributes to faster speed. Methods In total, 60 healthy participants were randomly allocated to three five-daily sessions of transcranial magnetic stimulation conditions, namely intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS, excitatory), continuous theta-burst stimulation (CTBS, inhibitory), or a sham condition. The sites of the stimulations were the right pre-supplementary motor area (RpSMA), medial cerebellar vermis VI (MCV6), and vertex, respectively. Performances in two reaction time tasks were recorded at different time points. Results Post-stimulation speeds revealed marginal decreases in the simple but not complex task. Nevertheless, participants in the excitatory RpSMA and inhibitory MCV6 conditions showed direct and negative path effects on faster speeds compared to the sham condition in the simple reaction time (SRT) task (β = −0.320, p = 0.045 and β = −0.414, p = 0.007, respectively). These path effects were not observed in the SDMT task. Discussion RpSMA and MCV6 were involved in promoting the path effects of faster reaction times on simple cognitive task. This study offers further evidence to support their roles within the long-range frontal-to-cerebellar connectivity subserving cognitive processing speed. The enhancement effects, however, are likely limited to simple rather than complex mental operations.

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Planned flowchart of the trial.
Locations of temporal three-needle therapy in the experimental group (the use of the picture has been allowed by the author Tongyan Liu and the patient).
Neuromodulatory Effect of Sensorimotor Network Functional Connectivity of Temporal Three-Needle Therapy for Ischemic Stroke Patients with Motor Dysfunction: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Patient-Assessor Blind, Controlled, Neuroimaging Trial

January 2021

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275 Reads

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3 Citations

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Background. The clinical efficacy of temporal three-needle therapy for stroke dysfunction has been previously demonstrated in China. However, the central mechanism of temporal three-needle therapy remains unclear. Temporal three-needle projects the sensory cortex and the motor cortex, which may impact the cortex function. Current studies seldom focus on it. Hence, according to the “scalp-cortex corresponding theory,” the underlying mechanism of temporal three-needle remains a domain for further research. Methods. This trial is designed to provide objective and visual evidence for the neuromodulatory effect and neuroimaging mechanism of temporal three-needle therapy for stroke patients. This ongoing study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, patient-assessor blind, single-center, neuroimaging trial involving two-parallel patient groups and a healthy control group. Forty eligible patients will be recruited from Shenzhen Nanshan District People’s Hospital and randomized into either the experimental group or the control group. Twenty healthy volunteers will be recruited in the healthy control group and undergo baseline magnetic resonance imaging scans without any intervention. Patients in the control group will receive acupuncture at Dingnieqianxiexian (MS6), in addition to basic medicine and rehabilitative treatments. Patients in the experimental group will receive temporal three-needle therapy plus basic medicine and rehabilitative treatments 5 days per week, 10 sessions over two consecutive weeks. The primary outcome is resting-state functional connectivity, and the secondary outcomes are regional homogeneity, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, Fugl–Meyer assessment of the upper limb, and modified Barthel Index. All outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and after 2 weeks of intervention. Discussion. The results will explore the neuromodulatory effects and illustrate the central mechanism of temporal three-needle treatment from the network-level viewpoint of sensorimotor network functional plasticity and promote widespread application in real-world practice. This trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 14 March 2018 with ChiCTR1800015209. 1. Introduction Stroke is the second leading cause of death, and Kim et al reported that stroke remained the third-leading cause of years-of-potential-life lost worldwide [1]. The stroke incidence ranged from 76 per 100,000 population per year up to 119 per 100,000 population per year in different countries [2], and it is expected that the incidence of stroke will continue to increase as the population ages [3]. There are about two million new patients of stroke annually in China [4]. Most of the stroke survivors are associated with functional disabilities in China [5], and motor dysfunction is the most significant symptom, which results in different levels of dysfunction (including muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, shoulder pain, deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb, long-term brakes, infection, anxiety, and depression) and disability in daily life. The stroke impact in China is more severe compared to the worldwide average levels. DALYs (disability adjusted life-years) caused by stroke rank 3rd in global epidemiologic study and first in China [6]. Overall poststroke care costs were the highest in the USA ($4850/per patient month) [7], which indicates that stroke not only brings pain to patients themselves but also imposes a great financial burden on families and communities in most countries, which has become a critical public health problem. In 2002, the World Health Organization recommended acupuncture as a therapy for stroke [8]. Temporal three-needle acupuncture is one of Jin’s three-needle therapy systems created by Professor Jinrui in China. The temporal I needle is located on the hairline 2 cun above the apex of the ear; the temporal II needle and the temporal III needle are located 1 cun from the temporal I needle on either side in the horizontal direction [9]. Temporal three-needle therapy integrates the meridian acupoint theory in Chinese traditional medicine, modern neurological theory, and anatomical rationale [10, 11]. The location of the temporal three-needle is highly overlapped with the temporal bone seams, which is a crevice left by the congenital development process [12]. Additionally, the nerve is extended into the skull through the gap of the skull, which can effectively mobilize the neuron activity after acupuncture, and the position of the temporal three-needle ranged including the precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus could widely affect the motor and sensory areas [13]. Meanwhile, the bioelectric effect of acupuncture at the location can be transmitted to the cerebral cortex, which can quickly rebuild the function of injured neurons in the functional area and strengthen the compensatory ability of the brain [11]. Moreover, the temporal bone is much thinner than other skulls, and its suture is mostly densest; acupuncture sensation is easier to be conducted, and the acupuncture effect is better. As a result, the acupoint selection of temporal three-needle has a certain representative. In real-world clinical practice, acupuncture on the left temporal three-needle treats right limb paralysis and acupuncture on the right temporal three-needle for the left paralysis, which is widely used in the poststroke rehabilitation in China [11, 14–18], especially motor dysfunction [14, 15, 19]. Because the study design is a superiority trial and stroke patients conventionally receive acupuncture at the scalp acupoint in current clinical practice in China, placebo (sham) stimulation or a blank control may violate the patient willingness. This trial will choose Dingnieqianxiexian (MS6) in the International Standardization Scheme for Scalp Acupuncture Points as the positive comparator in the control group. MS6 is an international standardized scalp acupoint, which refers to a diagonal line from Qianshencong (EX-HN1) to Xuanli (GB6) [20], and is projected to the precentral gyrus [21]; it is responsible for the autonomous movement of the limbs [20]. Studies have indicated that, on the basis of body acupuncture, temporal three-needle therapy is superior to acupuncture at MS6 with respect to daily life activities [22], motor function [22], and motor-related sensory disturbances [19]. However, the central mechanism of temporal three-needle therapy on stroke recovery remains unclear, especially in neuroimaging. From the last several years, with the rapid development of medical imaging technology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gradually become one of the main methods for studying the mechanism of acupuncture. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) only requires the subjects to stay still and close their eyes while scanning and keep their body as immobile as possible without thinking about anything. Rs-fMRI reflects intrinsic functional patterns and the spontaneous activity of the brain’s cortex [23], which is a useful technique for studying the mechanism of acupuncture [24]. In this trial, we plan to apply rs-fMRI to explore the central mechanism of temporal three-needle treatment. Previous neuroimaging studies demonstrated that motor disorders in stroke patients were associated with functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in the sensorimotor network or sensorimotor cortex [25, 26]. Moreover, functional recovery after stroke is associated with preserved FC of motor to nonmotor networks [27]. Acupuncture can increase the default mode network and sensorimotor network functional connectivity with pain-, affective-, and memory-related brain areas compared with sham acupuncture [24]. Several studies have also shown that acupuncture increases the sensorimotor network connectivity with pain-related brain regions in healthy adults or inhibits neuroinflammation in the sensorimotor cortex after ischemic stroke [28, 29]. However, the neuroimaging mechanism based on temporal three-needle therapy in hemiplegic patients with stroke remains unclear. The theoretical basis of scalp acupuncture is mainly based on the two aspects [20]: (1) the traditional Zangfu meridians theory and (2) scalp-cortex corresponding theory. According to the “scalp-cortex corresponding theory,” the temporal three-needle projects the cortex of the sensory area and the motor area on the temporal ear, and the bioelectric effect produced by acupuncture in this area is transmitted to the cerebral cortex, which can impact the function of the cerebral cortex [11]. Given the abovementioned viewpoints, we hypothesize that the underlying neuroimaging mechanism on neuromodulatory effects in temporal three-needle acupuncture may be related to sensorimotor network functional connectivity. Therefore, our first objective is to assess the neuromodulatory effect of temporal three-needle therapy on resting-state regional brain activity, whole-brain activity, and motor function. Our second objective is to explore the relationship between alterations in functional connectivity at the sensorimotor network level and changes in behavioral performances to demonstrate the underlying neuroimaging mechanism of temporal three-needle treatment. 2. Methods 2.1. Study Design and Setting This study will be a two-week, prospective, randomized, patient-assessor blind, controlled, single-center, superiority, neuroimaging trial with two-parallel patient groups and a healthy control group. This study will take place mainly in Shenzhen Nanshan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. In this trial, we will recruit subjects into two categories. The first category will comprise healthy controls, and the second will comprise patient subjects. A total of 20 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy subjects will be recruited into the healthy control group. The purpose of healthy control recruitment is to establish a baseline normal MRI data set to facilitate comparison with the MRI data of the patients’ groups. The healthy control group will receive baseline MRI scans without any intervention. Forty eligible patients will be randomized into two groups: (1) the experimental group and (2) the control group, with a 1 : 1 allocation ratio. All patients will take medicine for secondary prevention of stroke (e.g., antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, antiplatelet, and hypolipidemic drugs) and conventional rehabilitative treatments according to the Chinese stroke rehabilitation treatment guidelines [5] (e.g., physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT)); these treatments will be consistent across the patient groups. In the control group, patients will receive acupuncture at MS6 following basic drug treatments and conventional rehabilitative treatments. Patients in the experimental group will receive temporal three-needle acupuncture 5 days per week, 10 sessions over 2 consecutive weeks, plus basic drug treatments and conventional rehabilitative treatments. Acupuncturists with at least 10 years of clinical experience will perform acupuncture therapy (including temporal three-needle therapy and MS6 therapy). Professional rehabilitative therapists with above 5 years of clinical experience will conduct conventional rehabilitative treatments (PT and OT) for the patients. The planned flowchart of the trial is shown in Figure 1. The timeline for assessment is provided in Table 1. This study protocol is in compliance with the requirements of the Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval was provided by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Nanshan District People’s Hospital in February 2018. In addition, Shenzhen Nanshan District People’s Hospital is also carrying out this trial and is responsible for the coordination of all departments’ activities (e.g., study protocol registry, staff training, informed consent implementation, and data management). This protocol follows Standard Protocol Item: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 [30] (see Additional File 1 in Supplementary Materials available here) and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statement for nonpharmacological interventions [31].



Mental health burden for the public affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in China: Who will be the high-risk group?

April 2020

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328 Reads

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344 Citations

In December, 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly to other parts of China and around the world. We aimed to identify high-risk groups whose mental health conditions were vulnerable to the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected from 7,236 self-selected participants measured by anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall prevalence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. People aged < 35 years reported a higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms than people aged ≥ 35 years. Healthcare workers have the highest rate of poor sleep compared to other occupations. Healthcare workers/younger people who spent a high level of time (≥ 3 hours/day) had a particular higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms than in those who spent less time (< 1 hours/day and 1-2 hours/day) on the outbreak. During the COVID-19 outbreak, healthcare workers and younger people were at an especially high-risk of displaying psychological impact when they spent too much time thinking about the outbreak. Continuous monitoring of the psychological consequences for high-risk population should become routine as part of targeted interventions during times of crisis.I


Chinese mental health burden during COVID-19 outbreak: a web-based cross-sectional survey

April 2020

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78 Reads

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170 Citations

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

We aimed to assess the Chinese mental health burden during COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, sleep quality. The overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people (P < 0.001). Compared with other occupation, healthcare workers have the highest rate of poor sleep quality (P < 0.001). We identified a major mental health burden of the public during COVID-19 outbreak in China. Young people and healthcare workers were at high risk for mental illness.


Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

April 2020

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580 Reads

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4,027 Citations

Psychiatry Research

China has been severely affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) since December, 2019. We aimed to assess the mental health burden of Chinese public during the outbreak, and to explore the potential influence factors. Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality of the public were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a significantly higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people. Compared with other occupational group, healthcare workers were more likely to have poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and time spent focusing on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were at high risk for poor sleep quality. Our study identified a major mental health burden of the public during the COVID-19 outbreak. Young people, people spending too much time thinking about the outbreak, and healthcare workers were at high risk of mental illness. Continuous surveillance of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.


Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

March 2020

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514 Reads

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31 Citations

Background China has been severely affected by COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) since December, 2019. This study aimed to assess the population mental health burden during the epidemic, and to explore the potential influence factors. Methods Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CES-D), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regressions were used to identify influence factors associated with mental health problem. Results Of the total sample analyzed, the overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people ( P


Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

February 2020

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337 Reads

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179 Citations

Background: China has been severely affected by COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) since December, 2019. This study aimed to assess the population mental health burden during the epidemic, and to explore the potential influence factors. Methods: Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 603 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CES-D), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression were used to identify influence factors associated with mental health problem. Results: Of the total sample analyzed, the overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were 34.0%, 18.1%, and 18.1%, respectively. Young people reported a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than older people (P=0.024). Compared with other occupational group, healthcare workers have the highest rate of poor sleep quality (P=0.045). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and times to focus on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were associated with poor sleep quality. Conclusions: Our study identified a major mental health burden of the public during COVID-19 epidemic in China. Young people, people who spent too much time on the epidemic, and healthcare workers were at high risk for mental illness. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.


Lesion distribution in all stroke subjects. We constructed a lesion overlap image for all participants, and then manually traced the outline of the lesion on individual 3D T1 images using MRICRON (http://www.mccauslandcenter.sc.edu/mricro/mricron/), thereby creating a lesion mask for each patient. After the spatial normalization process, all the individual lesion masks were used to construct a group lesion mask for the patients [28].
FA changes of the white matter tracts in the control group significantly increased after treatment compared to before treatment. DTI images in the control group is presented by using FSL software (version4.1.9, http://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/TBSS/UserGuide). Red shows the special white matter tracts with increased FA value (tbssfill was used here which thicken the TBSS results). Green indicates the mean FA skeleton in the control group. White represents the mean FA image in the control group.
In the experimental group, FA changes of the white matter tracts significantly increased while MD changes significantly decreased after treatment compared to before treatment. DTI images in the experimental group is presented by using FSL software (version4.1.9, http://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/TBSS/UserGuide). Red shows the special white matter tracts with significantly increased FA value in figure 3A (tbssfill was used here which thicken the TBSS results). Blue denotes the special white matter tracts with significantly decreased MD value in figure 3B (tbss fill was also used here which thicken the TBSSresults). Green indicates the mean FA skeleton in the experimental group. White represents the mean FA image in the experimental group.
Correlation between the FA changes of white matter tracts with improved FMA scores of hemiplegic upper limb in the experimental group (Pearson’s r = 0.851, p = 0.007).
Scalp acupuncture plus low-frequency rTMS promotes repair of brain white matter tracts in stroke patients: A DTI study

January 2018

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6 Reads

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7 Citations

To study the clinical effects of scalp acupuncture plus low frequency rTMS in hemiplegic stroke patients. A total of 28 hemiplegic stroke patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental group (scalp acupuncture low frequency rTMS routine rehabilitation treatment) or the control group (scalp acupuncture routine rehabilitation treatment). All patients received a diffusion tensor imaging examination on the day of admission and on the fourteenth day. Compared with pre-treatment, the upper limb motor function score and ability of daily life score increased significantly in the two groups, and motor function improvement was much greater in the experimental group. Fractional anisotropy values significantly increased in white matter tracts, such as the corticospinal tract, forceps minor, superior longitudinal fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus in the two groups. Compared with pre-treatment, the fractional anisotropy values increased and mean diffusion values decreased synchronously in the forceps minor, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, left superior longitudinal fasciculus and left uncinate fasciculus in the experimental group. Before and after treatment, there were no significant differences in the changes of fractional anisotropy values between the two groups, but the changes of the mean diffusion values in the experimental group were much greater than those in the control group in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left uncinate fasciculus (p < 0.05). Moreover, the increased fractional anisotropy values in the forceps minor in the experimental group were significantly positively correlated with the increased Fugl-Meyer assessment score. Our study concluded that based on routine rehabilitation treatment, scalp acupuncture plus low frequency rTMS can promote white matter tracts repair better than scalp acupuncture alone; the motor function improvement of the hemiplegic upper limb may be closely related to the rehabilitation of the forceps minor; the combination of scalp acupuncture and low frequency rTMS is expected to provide a more optimal rehabilitation protocol for stroke hemiplegic patients.


Citations (11)


... The activation and functional connectivity network of specific brain areas have been suggested as closely related to the mechanism of acupuncture, and central integration plays a critical role in the acupuncture mechanism [21][22][23]. For instance, a DTI study showed that the mechanism of acupuncture treatment for poststroke dyskinesia might be closely related to the rehabilitation of the forceps minor [24]. However, most fMRI studies only respectively focused on the effect of the immediate or long-term intervention, which failed to investigate the relationship between immediate and long-term effects of acupuncture at the same acupoint or prescription. ...

Reference:

The neural plasticity and efficacy of acupuncture for post-stroke dysphagia: protocol for a randomized controlled trial with fMRI and DTI
Scalp acupuncture plus low-frequency rTMS promotes repair of brain white matter tracts in stroke patients: A DTI study

... Studies have shown that anxiety, depression, loneliness and sleep problems increased during lockdown [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. Individuals subjected to social isolation were more likely to develop disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anger and avoidance, and a longer duration of quarantine was associated with poorer mental health [18]. ...

Corrigendum to Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey [Psychiatry Research, 288 (2020) 112954]
  • Citing Article
  • April 2021

Psychiatry Research

... Furthermore, electroacupuncture (EA) is posited to exert a neuroprotective effect in ischemic stroke by inhibiting TLR4/NF-kappa B-mediated inflammation. Tao and Chen's research team has a wide range of research interests, including inflammation [19], apoptosis [20], nerve cell proliferation [21], synaptic plasticity [22], neuroimaging [23], and the clinical efficacy [24] of acupuncture fot stroke. We identified 95 authors who had each published at least five articles and then developed a collaborative network that mapped the publication outputs and relationships among these authors. ...

Neuromodulatory Effect of Sensorimotor Network Functional Connectivity of Temporal Three-Needle Therapy for Ischemic Stroke Patients with Motor Dysfunction: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Patient-Assessor Blind, Controlled, Neuroimaging Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

... However, as noted byShahzad et al. (2021), hospitals face challenges such as limited budgets and rising operational costs, making effective resource management imperative. Strategies like evidence-based procurement and technology integration, such as electronic health records, can enhance resource utilization and reduce waste(Huang et al., 2020). The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the necessity for agile resource allocation, as hospitals had to swiftly adapt to emerging challenges while ensuring patient safety(Moon et al., 2020). ...

Retraction notice to “Chinese mental health burden during the COVID-19 pandemic” [Asian J. Psychiatr. 51 (2020) 102052]
  • Citing Article
  • December 2020

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

... Moreover, the higher prevalence in our study may also reflect the specific context of COVID-19, where pulmonary patients often experience more severe illness trajectories and prolonged recovery times. Studies have shown that the severity of respiratory symptoms and hospitalization (including ICU admission and mechanical ventilation) are strong predictors of PTSD in COVID-19 survivors 34,35 . Pulmonary patients may also face heightened health anxiety and uncertainty about long-term respiratory outcomes, further exacerbating psychological distress. ...

Mental health burden for the public affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in China: Who will be the high-risk group?
  • Citing Article
  • April 2020

... The high infectivity and severe outcomes of COVID-19 have resulted in profound negative psychological effects not only on patients and their families but also on the general public [8]. Mental health professionals have highlighted the need for psychological support as part of the core care team for COVID-19 patients [9]. ...

Chinese mental health burden during COVID-19 outbreak: a web-based cross-sectional survey
  • Citing Article
  • April 2020

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

... A study conducted in Bangladesh revealed that approximately 85.60 % of the participants experienced sleeplessness, irritability, and disorder at home as a result of stress associated with COVID-19 [22]. Also, a few other studies on the Chinese population addressed the negative psychological impact of COVID-19 [23][24][25]. Furthermore, Daniali, H., and Flaten, M. A. conducted two relevant studies in Norway, exploring the phenomenon termed the 'nocebo effect.' This idea explores the psychological factors that cause people to believe they have COVID-19 even when they are not exhibiting the disease's symptoms. ...

Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey
  • Citing Article
  • April 2020

Psychiatry Research

... Studies have also been done on isolated people in the community [6,17]. Also, studies have been done on the medical staff [19,21,23,24,28,30,32,34,38]. Studies have been conducted jointly between patients, the community, staff, and students [21,22]. ...

Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

... On the other hand, and in addition to the consequences on physical health that this situation has represented, the psychological affectations in the population are also recognized due to the context of a health emergency caused by COVID-19 (Boshra, et al., 2020;Cao, et al., 2020;Huang and Zhao, 2020;WHO, 2022). The impact of the psychosocial risk of large-scale health emergencies is associated with the fear of contagion, this manifestation may exceed the handling capacity of the affected population; for which an increase in the incidence of mental disorders and emotional manifestations can be estimated, according to the magnitude of the epidemic and the degree of vulnerability of the population. ...

Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey
  • Citing Preprint
  • February 2020

... He scored 31 on the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI-13), indicating significant difficulty and dependency in performing daily tasks involving the affected arm and hand ( Naghdi et al., 2008;Abdelaziz et al., 2023). Surface electromyography (sEMG) motor unit action potential (MUAP) values were recorded for the following forearm muscles: flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus, and pronator teres (Johnson et al., 2017;Wang et al., 2017). These muscles were selected due to their susceptibility to spasticity and their critical role in fine motor control, particularly in hand function and rehabilitation efforts. ...

Assessment of elbow spasticity with surface electromyography and mechanomyography based on support vector machine
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • July 2017

Conference proceedings: ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference