Nilubon Thaoboonruang’s research while affiliated with Naresuan University and other places

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Publications (2)

A schematic diagram of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for psilocybin and its metabolite psilocin in mice, rats, and humans via various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), intraperitoneal (IP), and oral administration. The model includes eight compartments: lungs, brain, liver, kidneys, gut, adipose tissue, rapidly perfused tissues, and slowly perfused tissues. Psilocybin is metabolized to psilocin in gut, liver and kidneys.
Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in brain (dotted line, model simulation; triangles, observed data), liver (dashed line, model simulation; circles, observed data), and kidney (solid line, model simulation; squares, observed data), in mice (n = 6), following a single-dose intraperitoneal (IP) administration of 72 mg/kg of psilocin (A) and 100 mg/kg of psilocybin (B)²⁴. Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles with error bars, observed data) in rats (n = 4), following a single-dose intraperitoneal (IP) administration of 5 mg/kg of psilocybin²⁵ (C). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma following a single-dose subcutaneous (SC) administration 0.05 mg/kg (dash-dot line, model simulation; circles, observed data), 0.1 (dotted line, model simulation; triangles, observed data), 1.0 mg/kg (dashed line, model simulation; squares, observed data), and 10 mg/kg of psilocybin (solid line, model simulation; open circles, observed data) in rats (n = 5)²⁶ (D). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (dashed line, model simulation; circles with error bars, observed data) in rats, following a single-dose oral administration of 5 mg/kg of psilocin²⁷ (E). All the error bars are standard deviation from the respective references.
Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles with standard error, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 6), following a single-dose oral administration of 15 mg of psilocybin²⁸ (A). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 6), following a single-dose intravenous (IV) administration of 1 mg of psilocybin²⁸ (B). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 7), following a single-dose oral administration of 10 mg of psilocybin²⁹ (C). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 12), following a single-dose oral administration of 25 mg of psilocybin³⁰ (D). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 15), following a single-dose oral administration of 19 mg of psilocybin⁹ (E). Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles with standard error, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) following a single-dose oral administration of 15 mg (F) and 30 mg (G) of psilocybin³¹. Concentration–time profiles of psilocin in plasma (solid line, model simulation; circles, observed data) and brain (dashed line, model simulation) in humans (n = 32), following a single-dose oral administration of 20 mg of psilocybin³² (H). All the error bars are standard deviation from the respective references.
Monte Carlo simulation of plasma psilocin concentrations in individuals consuming oral psilocybin doses ranging from 3 to 30 mg. The graph displays the mean plasma concentrations (solid line), mean minus one standard deviation (dotted line) and mean plus one standard deviation (dashed line), compared to individual observations reported by Madsen et al.⁷ (symbols).
Development of a PBPK model of psilocybin/psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis (magic mushroom) in mice, rats, and humans
  • Article
  • Full-text available

April 2025

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Nilubon Thaoboonruang

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Psilocybin is an active alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis). It is classified as a Class I Psychoactive Substance due to its psychoactive properties. Recent research has suggested that psilocybin holds potential for treating major depressive disorder. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for psilocybin and its active metabolite, psilocin, in mice, rats, and humans. This model aims to explore the disposition of psilocin within the body, including its distribution to the target organ, the brain. Psilocybin is assumed to undergo complete conversion to psilocin before the latter enters systemic circulation. The PBPK model effectively characterizes the concentration-time profiles under various dosing scenarios and routes of administration in mice, rats, and humans. The human model has the potential for guiding therapeutic strategies and enhancing clinical trial designs for the therapeutic use of psilocybin.

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Citations (1)

... A comprehensive literature review of pharmacokinetic studies on psilocybin and psilocin, up to December 2023, was conducted to inform the development and evaluation of the PBPK model 23 . Time-concentration data from mice, rats, and humans were used to support PBPK parameterization (Table 1S). ...

Reference:

Development of a PBPK model of psilocybin/psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis (magic mushroom) in mice, rats, and humans
Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin, a Tryptamine Alkaloid in Magic Mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis): A Systematic Review
  • Citing Article

  • September 2024

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

Nilubon Thaoboonruang

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