Nikolina Jurjević’s research while affiliated with University Hospital Merkur and other places

Transient osteoporosis (TO) is a self-limiting bone disorder with a benign clinical course and unknown etiology, typically manifesting in the third trimester of pregnancy. There are only a few documented cases of TO in pregnant women involving the knee joint. We report a 38-year-old female patient in the third trimester of pregnancy who presented with an 8-week history of progressive worsening of the right knee pain. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings were suggestive of TO with complete resolution of symptoms and imaging findings within several months following the onset of the symptoms. Clinicians need to include TO in their differential diagnosis when treating pregnant women with knee pain.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow mainly occurs in overhead athletes (OHAs). This narrative review aimed to comprehensively analyze the epidemiological data, etiological factors, clinical and imaging features, treatment options, and outcomes of OHAs with the diagnosis of elbow OCD. A literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Individuals with elbow OCD were usually 10-17 years of age with incidence and prevalence varying between studies, depending on the sport activity of the patients. The etiology of OCD lesions is multifactorial, and the main causes are believed to be repetitive trauma, the biomechanical disproportion of the articular surfaces, poor capitellar vascular supply, and inflammatory and genetic factors. Athletes usually presented with elbow pain and mechanical symptoms. The mainstay for the diagnosis of elbow OCD is MRI. The treatment of elbow OCD lesions should be conservative in cases of stable lesions, while various types of surgical treatment are suggested in unstable lesions, depending mainly on the size and localization of the lesion. The awareness of medical practitioners and the timely diagnosis of OCD lesions in OHAs are key to favorable outcomes.

Bladder diverticula are defined as an outpouching of the mucosa into the muscle layer of the bladder wall. There is a well-known link between urinary bladder diverticula and tumors arising within the diverticula. They are rare with an incidence rate of 0.8%-10%. We report an intradiverticular urothelial carcinoma in a 72-year-old man with a known history of multiple episodes of acute urinary retention and urinary tract infections, followed by transurethral resection of the benign prostatic hyperplasia.

A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver malignancy, often arising in the setting of chronic liver disease. Incidence of this carcinoma is increasing at a great rate. Disease often manifests asymptomatically and to make the final diagnosis is often challenging. Screening of patients at risk is based on ultrasound (US) examinations, which in the setting of suspicion lesion findings often converts to multiphasic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures for advanced disease evaluation. The selection of treatment modality depends on tumor size and location, extrahepatic spread and subsequent liver disease. For years the first line of treatment was liver resection and transplantation. Locoregional therapy is a novel approach to diverse stages of HCC with good response and higher overall survival rates, especially in early stages. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the method of choice in patients with multifocal HCC and maintained liver function, unsuitable for surgical treatment. We present a patient with HCC in the setting of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, treated with combined methods of locoregional therapy.