Nicola Blefari Melazzi’s research while affiliated with University of Rome Tor Vergata and other places

... A more simplified description of the 5G positioning architecture can also be found in other papers ( [6], [11], [12]). When a target UE, for example, the smartwatch of the patient in need is sending data via its serving gNB over the control plane to the 5G core network, the transmitted data are first interpreted by the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF). ...

Reference:

Performance Analysis of 5G Positioning Procedures on Resource-Constrained Devices

... The HOP-5G project [53,54] sponsored the development of the PRS in OAI for DL-TDoA positioning for FR1 and FR2, demonstrating the feasibility of these techniques. Based on this work, [55] built a testbed with three OAI gNBs and one OAI UE leveraging the PRS transmissions for DL-TDoA positioning. More recently, a novel framework presented in [56] Figure 2 depicts the 5G system architecture with its main NFs. ...

Reference:

Driving Innovation in 6G Wireless Technologies: The OpenAirInterface Approach

... As UE, several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices can be employed, with different supports to standard protocols and signals. Existing literature proposing experimental testbeds explored the support of RAN software suites for 5G positioning [8]- [12], by relying on simulations to abstract missing software components (e.g., for network functions) and positioning protocols, and by configuring Software-Defined Radio (SDR) as UEs. Yet, an E2E implementation of a 5G positioning system using off-the-shelf devices and existing RAN solutions is still missing. ...

Reference:

Towards End-to-end Implementation of 5G Positioning with Off-the-shelf Devices

... dApps can enable dynamic Channel State Information (CSI) compression in coordination with UEs [31], as well as custom AI/ML models for channel estimation that can be tailored to specific user conditions and requirements. dApps can also be used to process reference and synchronization signals for use cases not traditionally considered within RAN nodes, e.g., sensing and positioning [32]. ...

Reference:

dApps: Enabling Real-Time AI-Based Open RAN Control

... Jamming and eavesdropping can lead to potential denial-of-service and privacy breaches, while other threats may cause additional problems related to applications and specific use cases. Other studies [4,[22][23][24] have examined the impacts of attacks and the corresponding mitigation strategies for localization services specifically within 5G systems. These findings can also be applied to sensing scenarios in IoT and ISAC contexts. ...

Reference:

Communication and Sensing: Wireless PHY-Layer Threats to Security and Privacy for IoT Systems and Possible Countermeasures

... However, all of them are limited to a particular aspect (e.g., user, network, or infrastructure) of a 5G network. There are a few works (e.g., [36]) that quantify other aspects of 5G, but they do not evaluate its security posture. Ericsson researchers recommend continuous monitoring, logging, least privilege principles, data encryption, threat detection and response, etc. to evaluate security posture and identify areas for improvement [37]. ...

Reference:

Evaluating the Security Posture of 5G Networks by Combining State Auditing and Event Monitoring

... In [49], the author exposes the benefits of 5G position-ing for Vehicular Safety Applications. The development of V2X technology in 5G enables interaction between cars and a variety of components on the road, including roadside infrastructure and units, people and networks. ...

Reference:

Exploring V2X in 5G Networks: A Comprehensive Survey of Location-Based Services in Hybrid Scenarios

... This section shows some of the research that is conducted on D2D technology, and even some potential solutions for COVID-19 contact tracing. In [7], the authors introduce how cellular networks can be exploited for contact tracing, especially as 5G networks play an essential role in contact tracing and monitoring of accurate location awareness. In [8], the paper shows a COVID-19 contact monitoring application based on D2D communication, where Wi-Fi Direct is utilized to trace the region's contacts and explore comparable approaches that are created with a focus on Google and Apple exposure alerts. ...

Reference:

Tracking Infected Covid-19 Persons and their Proximity Users Using D2D in 5G Networks

... Cryptography and physical layer integrity ensure that the data is protected from malicious attacks, unauthorized alterations, and eavesdropping through the use of encryption, authentication, and other security mechanisms [25]- [31]. Statistical integrity, on the other hand, is focused on ensuring that the received data is consistent with the expected behavior of the system and that any anomalies are detected and corrected [32]- [40]. ...

Reference:

Positioning Integrity via Uncertainty Quantification

... Moreover, enhanced LBS applications now provide valuable insights into user behavior, traffic patterns, and resource management, contributing to smarter cities and more efficient systems. With the continued evolution of GNSS and LBS technologies, the use of location information has become far easier, empowering individuals and organizations to leverage spatial data for improved planning, resource allocation, and overall decision-making [19]. The integration of IoT sensor networks with LBS technologies and its transformative impact on positioning capabilities are utilized to enhance applications in environmental monitoring. ...

Reference:

The Integration of IoT (Internet of Things) Sensors and Location-Based Services for Water Quality Monitoring: A Systematic Literature Review