Neha Bajwa’s research while affiliated with Baba Farid University of Health Sciences and other places

Nanoparticle‐based therapeutics, emerging from advances in nanotechnology, outperform traditional drug therapies by virtue of their distinct biological properties that enhance therapeutic efficacy, reduce toxicity, and enable precise targeting. Since the 1980s, the number of nanoparticle‐based pharmaceutical products has expanded considerably, capturing a significant portion of the pharmaceutical market. These systems function as therapeutic agents or as vehicles for delivering active pharmaceutical or diagnostic compounds to targeted areas. However, despite their transformative potential, the development of comprehensive and harmonized regulatory frameworks for nanomedicines remains a critical challenge. This review provides a current overview of market‐approved nanoparticle therapeutics, analyzing global regulatory strategies, including pre‐clinical testing, safety assessments, manufacturing processes, and quality control standards. By discussing the existing shortcomings, this review highlights the importance of adaptive regulatory pathways in a global context. It aims to support researchers and stakeholders in navigating the regulatory landscape, facilitating the successful commercialization and clinical translation of nanoparticle‐based therapeutics.

Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, and Sowa Rigpa are among the widely practiced traditional medical systems in India. The Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, oversees and supports the development, regulation, and promotion of these traditional healthcare practices. These systems rely heavily on the usage of medicinal plants (typically gathered from forests), their extracts, and medications. The current study's goal is to assess the trade dynamics of AYUSH goods in India. The export and import values of AYUSH goods were analyzed from the year 2006 to 2021. As per the commodity code, the AYUSH products have been categorized into three parts: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAP's), plant extracts, and AYUSH medicaments and pharmaceuticals. The commodity code HS, pertaining to AYUSH products, was accessed using the UN Comtrade database. The United States and Germany currently ranked first and second to which India exported MAP's between 2011 and 2021. The United States has been India's primary destination for exports of plant extracts. In contrast, with a 17.42% and a 12.44% share, the United States continues to be the largest exporter of AYUSH products to India, and Germany and the United States continue to be the top importers of AYUSH products. Notwithstanding the many difficulties the global economy faces, there has been a positive increase in the export and import of medicinal plants, extracts, and herb‐based pharmaceuticals. Establishing standards for AYUSH products with worldwide compliance, value chain traceability, and AYUSH branding on a global scale are necessary to foster confidence.

Purpose of Review Conventional antimalarial therapies often encounter issues of drug resistance, low bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology have opened new avenues for revolutionizing malaria treatment through precise drug delivery systems. This review delves into the multifaceted life cycle of the malaria parasite, highlighting its various stages and the intricate interactions between the parasite, mosquito vector, and human host. Recent Findings Nanotechnology has proven to be the most suitable approach for delivering antimalarial drugs to the targeted site with enhanced safety and efficacy. The advent of nanotechnology has led to the development of novel drug delivery systems that offer unprecedented control over drug release, distribution, and targeting. Researchers can encapsulate antimalarial agents by harnessing nanoparticles, liposomes, and other nanocarriers, protecting them from degradation and ensuring their targeted delivery to infected cells. These nanoscale systems also enable the exploitation of unique physicochemical properties that enhance drug solubility, circulation time, and cellular uptake. Summary The article overviews recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology-based strategies for combating malaria. From passive targeting exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect to active targeting using surface-functionalized nanoparticles that recognize specific receptors on infected cells, these innovations are poised to revolutionize malaria treatment. The potential of combining multiple therapeutic agents within a single nanocarrier for synergistic effects is also discussed. The main focus of this review is the different nanotechnologies that are available for the successful administration of antimalarial drugs. Various nanotechnologies can be used: liposomes, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems, ethosomes, niosomes, etc. In this review paper, we will detail the study of different nanotechnologies available for administering antimalarial drugs. Graphical Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to prepare enteric encapsulated spheroids containing inclusion complex using quality by design approach.Methods: A Box-Behnken design was employed to determine effects of variables on selected responses. Risk assessment was conducted using Ishikawa fishbone diagram. A model with a p-value was less than 0.5 for being a significant error of model was determined based on significance 'lack of fit' value. Spheroids were formulated using the extrusion spheronization technique and were characterized using analytical techniques.Results: In vitro release was performed in both acidic (pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal (pH 6.8) conditions. Permeability studies demonstrated tenfold enhancement compared with arteether. In vivo studies further validated increase of 51.8% oral bioavailability. Ex vivo studies revealed 3.4-fold enhancement in antimalarial activity compared with arteether.Conclusion: These findings highlight effectiveness of inclusion complexation technique as a viable approach to enhance solubility and bioavailability for drugs with low aqueous solubility.

Colorectal cancer is more prevalent in females than males. There are many anticancer drugs accessible for use, but their therapeutic importance is constrained by factors including poor solubility, low absorption, and multi-drug resistance. This review highlights how PLGA may be used to develop polymeric- targeted drug delivery systems that specifically target colorectal cancer. The PLGA polymer, which is disseminated in the colon together with drugs in a regulated and targeted manner, has the distinct characteristics of smart degradation in a biological system. Its degradability is dependent on multiple glycolide units; therefore, a lower glycol concentration improves degradability and vice versa. Also, PLGA facilitates drug delivery in colorectal cancer, enhances the efficacy of the drug, improves the sustained release profile of a drug, improves bioavailability due to prolonged retention time in the colon, enhances solubility, etc. To develop the formulation for improving the cytotoxic impact of various anticancer drugs, the surface modification of PLGA can be carried out by introducing a copolymer. By emphasizing their crucial characterization to demonstrate their therapeutic potential, this literature work has also shed light on recent patents and advancements in PLGA application.

The most important variable that affects a drug's bioavailability is its aqueous solubility. One of the biggest issues facing the pharmaceutical business is improving water solubility, which is the key to improving therapeutic efficacy. During the first screening procedure, over 50% of recently created medications are discovered to be insoluble or weakly soluble. The solubility of the medicine can be increased using a variety of techniques. The method entails both chemical and physical drug modifications. Any medicine that is absorbed must be present at the absorption site in the form of a solution. Poorly soluble medications can be made more soluble using a variety of approaches, like physical and chemical alterations to the drug and other strategies. Using a surfactant, complexation, and so on are examples of solid dispersion. The choice of a solubility-improving technology is influenced by pharmacological properties, absorption sites, and the requirements for the dosage form. In order to serve as a quick reference, this study attempted to gather information on various solubility improvement methods and organize it systematically.