Nathan Rosen’s scientific contributions

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Publications (1)


Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?
  • Article

January 1935

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911 Reads

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8,395 Citations

Physical Review

Albert Einstein

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Boris Podolsky

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Nathan Rosen

In a complete theory there is an element corresponding to each element of reality. A sufficient condition for the reality of a physical quantity is the possibility of predicting it with certainty, without disturbing the system. In quantum mechanics in the case of two physical quantities described by non-commuting operators, the knowledge of one precludes the knowledge of the other. Then either (1) the description of reality given by the wave function in quantum mechanics is not complete or (2) these two quantities cannot have simultaneous reality. Consideration of the problem of making predictions concerning a system on the basis of measurements made on another system that had previously interacted with it leads to the result that if (1) is false then (2) is also false. One is thus led to conclude that the description of reality as given by a wave function is not complete.

Citations (1)


... Recent results from ATLAS [8] and CMS [9] have provided the first evidence of entanglement in top-quark pair production at the LHC. This follows earlier observations of Bell inequality violations [10]-fundamental tests of quantum correlations rooted in the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen completeness paradox [11]-in particle physics using B-meson decays at LHCb and Belle II [12]. These results demonstrate that quantum correlations persist at energies over 12 orders of magnitude [3,13,14,15] higher than those in typical laboratory entanglement experiments. ...

Reference:

Bell Inequalities and Quantum Correlations in $H \rightarrow ZZ \rightarrow 2e\,2\mu
Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?
  • Citing Article
  • January 1935

Physical Review