Natalia Kozan’s research while affiliated with Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University and other places

The article presents data on the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic constitution of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers in men prone to drug crimes. The object of the study was the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic parameters of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers obtained from 60 men aged 18 to 59 who were convicted of drug crimes and 60 persons of the control group. During the study, it was found that radial loops (52.31%) and curls (29.23%) are most common on the fingers of the left hand, complex patterns (8.08%), arcs (6.92%) and ulnar loops are less common (3.46%), curls (44.23%) and radial loops (39.62%) and arcs (5.77%), ulnar loops (5.38%) and complex patterns are most common on the fingers of the right hand (5.00%), at the level of a statistical trend (p<0.10), the pattern on the right and left hands differs according to the indicator of the total frequency of radial loops on the fingers of both hands - 52.31% versus 39.62% (φ = 1, 30; p < 0.10) and curls W – 29.23% versus 44.23% (φ = 1.59; p < 0.10). A comparative analysis of the total ridge counts for the fingers of the left and right hands of drug criminals and men of the control group showed that the variances of this variable in the groups are equal, and since the p-level of the Student's test for the values of these indicators is significantly less than 0.05, the average values of the total ridge counts numbers on the fingers of the right hand of drug offenders and men of CG differ at a high level of statistical significance.

The application of sewage sludge as a fertilizer in podzols soil ambiguously affects the peculiarities of the accumulation of certain chemical elements in various organs of Jerusalem artichoke plants. Experimental factors in the study were different doses of sewage sludge from sludge maps of sewage treatment plants and its compost with cereal straw, included together with the compensatory dose of mineral fertilizers to the norm N90P90K90 in the Jerusalem artichoke plantation. Determination of the content of chemical elements in soil and plants was carried out by X-ray fluorescence analysis. According to the results of research it is established that the change of mineral nutrition conditions of Jerusalem artichoke causes significant changes in the chemical composition of its tubers and vegetative mass. Studies have shown a clear positive effect of increasing doses of SS on increasing the content in tubers: K - to 7.9%, Ca - to 1.9, Fe - to 1.9, in green mass: O - to 31.8%, K - to 31.6, Ca - to 24.9, Mg - to 5.9, Mn - to 0.7, Fe - to 0.4 and K - to 34.5%. The coefficients of biological absorption for most chemical elements are more than 1, but for O, Al, Si, Fe, these figures were less than 1. Regression models of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium content in the vegetative mass of Jerusalem artichoke indicate a high and moderate dependence of these indicators on their content in Jerusalem artichoke tubers and soil.

α The application of fertilizers based on sewage sludge significantly affects the formation of the nitrogen fund of sod-podzolic soil, as well as changes in the content of mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium exchange. The application of such fertilizer under Jerusalem artichoke has a positive effect on the nitrogen content of alkaline hydrolyzed compounds, in particular on increasing the content of mineral and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen fractions. The application of sewage sludge at a dose of 20 – 40 t/ha and the appropriate compensatory dose of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N90P90K90 helps to increase the content of ammonium nitrogen compounds from 16 to 20 – 22 mg/kg of soil in the upper (0 – 20 cm) layer. – 28% prevails over the control variant, as well as the content of nitrate nitrogen compounds in the layer 0 – 40 cm from 1.70 to 2.52 – 2.64 mg/kg of soil. The ratio of the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen compounds to the nitrogen content of mineral compounds in the experimental conditions changes insignificantly, which indirectly indicates a relatively stable value of this indicator, which changes little under the influence of fertilizers. The application of sewage sludge as a fertilizer significantly affects the change in the content of mobile phosphorus compounds and potassium exchange compounds in the upper (0 – 40 cm) layer of the soil. However, from a depth of 60 cm, their content decreases sharply and approaches the initial values of the control version. Depending on the application of fertilizers, the indicators of the coefficient of concentration of macronutrients in the soil change significantly, which reflects the ratio of the content of the element in the soil to its content in the control variant.As the rate of sewage sludge increases, the element concentration coefficient increases from 1.27 in the variant with the application of only mineral fertilizers to 2.36 for potassium and for phosphorus – from 1.02 to 1.31.

The article presents materials and research methods that are used both to identify an unknown person and to predict a person's susceptibility to illegal actions of varying severity. In particular, this article describes anthroposcopic, anthropometric, dermatoglyphic methods, statistical data processing and neural network forecasting, which are widely used in modern forensics and forensic science. The relevance and objectives of the above research methods are formulated in order to predict a person's propensity to illegal actions of varying severity.

Over the course of technological development, it is recommended to use more and more new modern methods to assess the time since death. However, most of them have practical limitations or show insufficient results that could ensure the most accurate assessment of the time since death in forensic medical practice. Aim of the work. To review modern scientific articles on the problem of establishing the time since death, to identify the most promising areas of work that can potentially be used in the daily work of practitioners. Conclusions. The analysis of scientific literature shows the relevance of the search and development of new modern methods of assessment of time since death, which could provide scientific validity, specificity and objectivity of the expert opinion.

The objective of the research was the analysis of the structure of the commission of forensic medical examinations concerning professional offenses of medical professionals of the surgical profile according to the data of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise for the period 2015-2019. Materials and methods. The material of the study were the annual reports of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise (Commission Department) and criminal case materials. Obtained data were processed using Microsoft Exel, Statistica 6.0. Results. It was found that forensic medical examinations in case of improper performance of professional duties by medical workers accounted for a relatively small part 71 (14.3%) of the total forensic medical expertise. After the performed analysis, it was found that the doctors made diagnostic, therapeutic, organizational-tactical, deontological and combined errors that had a direct (29%) or indirect (26%) connection with the onset of death or adverse effects on the patient’s health. In 45% of cases, there was no correlation between the doctor’s actions and the occurrence of adverse effects for the patient. Conclusions. The number of cases for improper performance of professional duties by medical workers is significantly higher in surgeons and obstetricians-gynecologists than in doctors of therapeutic profile. Every year, the complexity of commission forensic medical examinations in case of improper performance of professional duties by medical workers increases. This is due to the increasing complexity of surgical interventions and instrumental examination methods, as well as the increasing legal literacy of the population.

The aim of our study was to investigate the current state of computer identification applications, such as artificial neural networks. The material of our study were antroposcopic and anthropometric parameters obtained from 180 male and females aged 18–55 years living in the Ivano-Frankivsk region and belonging to Boiko, Lemko or Hutsul ethno-territorial group. Prints of comb pattern of the toes obtained by scanning with Futronic's FS80 USB2.0 Fingerprint Scanner using the program ftrScanApiEx.exe. followed by the transfer of data to a personal computer. For statistical processing of the obtained data we use STATISTICA 12 from the company StatSoft. Construction of neural networks was carried out using Neural Networks. As a result of our research there was carried out the prediction of anthropometric and antroposcopic parameters (ethno-territorial and gender belonging, etc.) through the use of dermatoglyphic parameters of the hands and feet in 180 people living in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The proposed method allowed to obtain the results with a forecasts probability 73–90 %. The use of above algorithm of actions allowed a 50 % increase of quality of identification of unknown person for using dermatoglyphic method and 67 % facilitatation of the process of identification (of quantitative and qualitative calculations, determining correlations between parameters) in comparison with previously known manner. Therefore, our proposed method can be used as an express diagnostics of common phenotypic traits of the person (ethno-territorial affiliation, gender, etc.) at admission of mass victims (natural disasters, acts of terrorism, armed conflicts, man-made disasters, etc.), it doesn’t not require a long time for conducting, specially trained staff and is inexpensive.Conclusions: The possibility of predicting external-recognizing features of a person such as etno-racial belonging, sex, anthropometric and antroposcopic parameters will allow widely use dermatoglyphic method at the level with other methods in conducting forensic identification of impersonal, fragmented and putrefactive modified corpses.