N.F. Gant’s research while affiliated with University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and other places

... Nowadays in Brazil, although it is already a common practice, recent research shows the selective use of episiotomy is increasing (7) . As to the factors that influence the maternal perineal outcomes, we can report the following: parity, birth weight, maternal position in the parturition, professional that assisted the parturition, use of compresses, pre-natal perineal massage, directed labour, head flexion technique during the cephalic unfixing, age, race, use of analgesis and anaesthesia, use of hyaluronidases enzyme, and episiotomy (8)(9) . ...

Reference:

Perineal outcomes on the left lateral versus vertical semisitting birth positions: A randomized study

... A asfixia fetal é condição caracterizada por acidemia metabólica ou mista (metabólico-respi-ratória) com pH menor do que 7, podendo estar associada a um índice de Apgar de 0 a 3 por mais de 5 minutos e seqüelas neurológicas neonatais, tais como convulsões, coma ou hipotonia ou falência múltipla de órgãos 1 . ...

Reference:

Factors associated with perinatal asphyxia

... Since preterm labor is not uncommon, particularly in smaller females, [25] and arterial hypertension is common, particularly in primipara, [26] a causal relationship between MIDs and preterm labor or eclampsia cannot be readily established. However, because arterial hypertension can be a primary manifestation of MIDs, [27] and because females with MID appear to be prone to obstetric complications, it is highly likely that arterial hypertension during pregnancy or labor can be a primary manifestation of the underlying mitochondrial defect. ...

Reference:

Obstetric involvement in mitochondrial disorders: A review

... The maternal-fetal interface formed by the fetal membranes and decidua is a recognized site of paracrine signaling and autocrine messages. The term "decidual activation" has been used to describe changes at this interface that result in the separation of the decidua from the fetal membranes [3]. It has been hypothesized that the relaxins in the decidua and placenta are produced and act locally at this interface [4]. ...

Reference:

Developmental Regulation of the Human Relaxin Genes in the Decidua and Placenta: Overexpression in the Preterm Premature Rupture of the Fetal Membranes1

... C esarean delivery is defined as the delivery of the fetus through incisions made in the abdominal wall and uterine wall [1] . Cesarean delivery is an alternative delivery method when vaginal delivery is not possible or has a risk to the mother and/or fetus. ...

Reference:

Retrospective evaluation of the cesarean rates of a training and research hospital in Istanbul Sancaktepe district

... Our levels of 5␣-DHP both in nonpregnant and pregnant subjects are lower-about 1/3-of those found by others, probably due to the greater precision of high performance liquid chromatography in separating steroids that interfere with the RIA, as discussed previously (9). During pregnancy, Parker et al. (23) reported that levels of 5␣-DHP rose to 1/7 those of progesterone from 12-15 wk gestation, whereas at 35-41 wk, the ratio had risen to 1/5-values of 40 Ϯ 20 ng/ml (111 nmol/liter). Dombroski et al. (24) showed that the high levels of 5␣-DHP were attributable to high rates of production rather than to low rates of clearance, and that about 70% of 5␣-DHP is cleared in extrahepatic tissues. ...

Reference:

Elevated levels of some neuroactive Progesterone metabolites, particularly isopregnanolone, in women with chronic fatigue syndrome

... The complication of uterine rupture in the first trimester is life threatening maternal hemorrhage, which could lead to hemorrhagic shock, coagulopathy, multiorgan system failure, and eventually death [23]. Uterine rupture accounts for 14% of all hemorrhage-related maternal mortality [24]. ...

Reference:

Uterine rupture in the first trimester: a case report and review of the literature

... Levels of 5a-dihydroprogesterone have been measured by Milewich et al. [3] and by Backströ m et al. [4] who both found levels in plasma of the same order of magnitude as those of progesterone in the follicular phase and 1/3 those of progesterone in the luteal phase. Backströ m et al. also showed that its concentration in plasma from a vein draining an ovary containing the corpus luteum was 22-fold higher than that from the contralateral ovarian vein, indicating that the corpus luteum secretes significant amounts of 5a-dihydroprogesterone. High levels of 5a-dihydroprogesterone were observed in pregnancy [5,6]. ...

Reference:

Pearson Murphy BE, Allison CM. Determination of progesterone and some of its neuroactive ring A-reduced metabolites in human serum. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 74: 137-142

... We have previously reported a 4% incidence of monozygotic twinning with blastocyst transfer in a multicentred study (Behr et al., 1999Behr et al., , 2000). As expected, these pregnancies are monochorionic, since with blastocyst transfer, embryo splitting occurs on or beyond day 5 after the inner cell mass has developed and cells destined to become chorion have already differentiated (Cunningham, 1997). In this patient with quadruplets, it would appear that the two transferred blastocysts led to fraternal twins, and a spontaneous conception with embryo splitting in vivo by day 4 resulted in identical twins. ...

Reference:

Concurrent IVF and Spontaneous Conception Resulting in a Quadruplet Pregnancy.

... Twin gestations are associated with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality, largely due to premature birth and fetal growth abnormalities [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Therefore, most guidelines suggest routine sonographic evaluation with an assessment of fetal growth [7]. ...

Reference:

Abdominal circumference discordance for prediction of small for gestational age at birth in twin pregnancies