N Wilson Rodger's research while affiliated with The University of Western Ontario and other places

... The largest proportion of PLL undergo amputations due to vascular disease with or without diabetes 1 and face the challenge of recovering while dealing with an underlying progressive and chronic systemic disease. 2 The challenge of restoring sufficient physical activity capacity to reintegrate into community life after amputation may be complicated by lower physical activity levels prior to amputation in people with diabetes or peripheral artery disease. 3,4 People who have lost limbs due to trauma also face secondary health issues such as arthritis, 5 low back pain, 6 and the incidence of age-related chronic medical conditions such as obesity, diabetes, peripheral artery disease, or heart and lung disease linked to reduced physical activity in people as they age. 6 Regardless of amputation etiology, PLL require more energy to walk compared with able-bodied individuals, 7 and face challenges in community life due to slower walking speeds 8 and limited physical activity. ...

... Deficiencies in decision-making may contribute to treatment nonadherence and poorer metabolic control [61]. Depression has been reliably associated with increased everyday decisional conflict (i.e., the aversive experience accompanying indecisiveness) [65], an inward focus that may impair ability to engage in collaboration/ alliance [66], limitations in ability to shift behavior under changing contingencies [67], and altered reward processing [68]. Interestingly, in a cross-sectional study that examined communication between patients with diabetes and providers, as compared to patients with diabetes without possible major depression (n = 76; mean HbA1c of 7.4%), patients with diabetes and possible major depression (n = 19) had greater HbA1c levels (mean 9.3%), lower diabetes self-efficacy scores, and lower numeracy skills (i.e., abilities needed to interpret glucose meters, administer medications, follow dietary guidelines, etc.) [69]. ...

... A lowcarbohydrate diet implies a higher protein intake and a reduced sugar consumption, and therefore more satiety (73). A HFLC diet may be associated with an higher secretion of the anorexigenic peptide YY hormone (74,75), and a higher energy expenditure, compared with other diets (76). Furthermore, the carbohydrateinsulin model of obesity favors a low carbohydrate and a low glycemic index diet, allowing less fat deposition and higher energy expenditure, compared to a traditional low fat diet (77). ...

... The FSP was originally conceived and created after extensive consultation with individuals with type 2 diabetes and their health care providers, particularly diabetes educators, where both groups indicated a need for practical, sustainable, effective programs to help increase PA in this population. 15 Results from the current study provide convincing evidence that the FSP addresses these issues in a real-life setting, specifically diabetes education centers representing diverse geographical and cultural settings. This study highlights the fact that Participants' PA and related health outcome changes were similar when two different groups of interveners, Professionals and Peers, acted as leaders to deliver the program. ...

... One beneficial outcome of wearing a wireless pedometer seems to be that it is also a motivating factor towards an increase in physical activity. This motivation can be further maximised when physical activities goals are set, reflected on, and refined (Tudor-Locke, Myers, & Rodger, 2000). Since there are only a handful of studies that are focusing on the use of pedometers to promote physical activity among young children, there is a need to increase the body of knowledge in this particular field. ...

... The mean reduction (95% CI) in serum total vitamin B-12 for all 6 trials was -54 pmol/L (-81, -26 pmol/L). In a subgroup analysis, 4 of the 6 studies included doses of metformin <2000 mg/d (35)(36)(37)(38), whereas the other 2 studies included doses ≥2000 mg/d (37,39); the mean decrease in total vitamin B-12 was ∼2-fold greater in the high-dose studies compared with the low-dose studies. ...

... Consequently, an update to a Cochrane systematic review 15 performed by the Evidence Review Team (ERT) concurred with the original findings that the use of ACEi or ARB treatment in patients with diabetes and CKD was associated with a reduction in the progression of CKD with regard to the development of severely increased albuminuria ( Tables S4 11,12,16-48 and S5 13,34,40,[49][50][51][52][53] ACEi and ARBs are generally well-tolerated. The systematic reviews performed suggested that ACEi and ARB treatment may cause little or no difference in the occurrence of serious adverse events. ...

... Low GI diet may favourably affect pregnancy outcomes (Scholl et al., 2001Scholl et al., , 2004) through ameliorating postprandial glucose levels, which in turns reduces hyperinsulinemia (Galgani et al., 2006; Yusof et al., 2009a) and oxidative stress (Hu et al., 2006). In individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (Wolever & Mehling, 2002) and type 2 diabetes (Wolever et al., 2008a,b), a low GI diet has been shown to improve the insulin resistant state by increasing b-cell function (Wolever et al., 2008b), eventually leading to reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (Magon and Seshiah, 2011; Mora and Nestel, 2000; Wolever et al., 2008a). A similar finding has been observed in women with GDM (). ...

... Compared with subjects who were homozygous for the-238G allele, carriers of the-238A allele had an altered ability to suppress postprandial FFA. This effect was observed in obese but not in non-obese individuals with type 2 diabetes (men, n ¼ 56 and women, n ¼ 67) (Fontaine-Bisson et al., 2007). Patients with coronary artery disease showed a higher frequency of the TNF-308A allele than healthy controls, while coronary artery disease patients with diabetes had a higher frequency of the TNF-308AA genotype compared with healthy controls ( Sbarsi et al., 2007). ...

... It is crucial to examine efficacy and outcome expectations again, whether it is true that self-efficacy and outcome expectations are correlated in the elderly population, especially the elderly population in Indonesia. These two constructs are the two main predictors of physical activity behavior, while other constructs such as self-regulation and social support are supporting constructs [13][14][15]. ...