Myoungjin Kwon’s research while affiliated with Daejeon University and other places

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of depression and interpersonal contact on the association between cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) in older adult patients with dementia. This descriptive cross-sectional study used the 2020 Korea Elderly Survey and included 189 older adults aged 65 years who were diagnosed with dementia by a physician. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0, and the dual mediation effect was analyzed with PROCESS Macro for SPSS version 3.5 Model 6. Cognitive function was negatively related to both ADL and depression but positively correlated with interpersonal contact. ADL exhibited positive and negative correlations with depression and interpersonal contact, respectively. Cognitive function significantly affected ADL and depression. Cognitive function significantly affected interpersonal contact, but depression was not significant. Finally, cognitive function exhibited a significant effect on ADL, but depression and interpersonal contact were not significant. Cognitive function showed the greatest effect on ADL in older adults diagnosed with dementia. Therefore, a program to prevent cognitive decline in older adults with dementia needs to be developed. Additionally, further studies are warranted to investigate the factors that affect the association between cognitive function and ADL in older adults with dementia.

Background/Objectives: This study investigated factors affecting glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels according to sleep duration in adults with diabetes. HbA1c is an important indicator for the diagnosis and management of diabetes, and lowering this value is important for reducing the risk of complications. Recent studies have shown that sleep duration and quality play important roles in controlling blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the factors affecting HbA1c levels according to sleep duration in adult patients with diabetes and propose a personalized diabetes management strategy. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted between 2022 and 2023. The study included 1363 adults aged ≥30 years who were diagnosed with diabetes by a doctor. The participants were categorized into three groups based on their sleep duration: <7 h, 7–9 h, and ≥9 h. Results: The significant factors affecting HbA1c levels varied according to sleep duration. Age, drinking, and stress were significant for those who slept for <7 h. For those sleeping 7–9 h, energy intake, protein intake, fat intake, and education level were significant. Health checkups and drinking were significant for those who slept for >9 h. Conclusions: This study suggests that sleep duration is an important variable in diabetes management and should be considered in personalized diabetes management strategies. Future studies should explore various factors related to sleep patterns in greater depth.

Background/Objectives: This study investigated the mediating effects of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and depression on the relationship between the ability to perform movements and death preparation among older adults with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea’s 5th (2020) survey of the elderly. It included 1483 elderly individuals with OA or RA. We measured the ability to perform movements, death preparation, IADL, and depression using validated scales. Hayes’ PROCESS Macro for SPSS model 6 was used to determine the mediating effects. Results: Death preparation exhibited significant differences based on satisfaction with economic conditions, fall experiences, and suicidal ideation. A significant correlation existed between the ability to perform movements, death preparation, IADL, and depression. IADL demonstrated a significant mediating effect between the ability to perform movements and death preparation. However, depression did not exhibit a significant mediating effect. Conclusions: IADL significantly mediates the relationship between movement ability and death preparation in elderly individuals with OA or RA. Lower movement ability was associated with higher death preparation and greater IADL dependence. However, contrary to expectations, depression did not show a significant mediating effect. These findings offer significant insights for developing interventions to enhance the quality of life and prepare for dignified death in elderly individuals with OA or RA. Future longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causal relationships and evaluate the efficacy of IADL enhancement programs.

Supplement use is influenced by personal factors such as sex, knowledge, health status, and sociocultural factors. Korean women with musculoskeletal disease commonly use dietary supplements for purposes such as symptom relief. This study aimed to identify the differences in demographics, health status, and functional health literacy depending on the use of dietary supplements in Korean women with musculoskeletal disease. A cross-sectional study and secondary data analysis were designed using a representative, multilevel stratified cluster sample from the 8th wave (2019) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national statistical survey encompassing health status, health behaviors, and food and nutrient consumption. Data on 804 women aged 20 years or older with musculoskeletal disease were included. A complex samples χ²-test was conducted to compare all variables such as demographics, health status, and functional health literacy. As results, significant differences were found between the dietary supplement user and non-user groups in terms of age (χ² = 12.21, P = .009), type of health insurance (χ² = 4.01, P = .049), education level (χ² = 42.86, P < .001), and presence of diabetes mellitus (χ² = 9.16, P = .005). Functional health literacy was higher in the user group than in the non-user group (χ² = 5.48, P = .050). We found that younger individuals with health insurance, higher educational levels, and functional health literacy, and who do not have diabetes are likely to use dietary supplements. Healthcare providers should continue to monitor the use of dietary supplements among women with musculoskeletal diseases to ensure their safe and effective use.

Background As Korea rapidly enters a super-aged society, interest in depression, a change in psychological function that occurs with aging, is increasing. Although previous studies have suggested a relationship between depression and cognitive decline in older adults, they have not clarified how cognitive decline leads to depression. We aimed to examine the mediating effects of digital information utilization ability (DIUA) and interpersonal contact (IC) in the relationship between cognitive function and depression in older adults. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study used data from the 2020 Korean Elderly Survey. The participants were 9,920 seniors aged 65 years and older. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 24.0 and the dual mediation effect was analyzed using PROCESS Macro for SPSS v.3.5 model 6. Results Depression had a negative correlation with cognitive function (r=−.26, P<.001), DIUA (r=−.20, P<.001), and IC (r=−.13, P<.001). Cognitive function was positively correlated with DIUA (r=.40, P<.001) and IC (r=.08, P<.001). There was a positive correlation between DIUA and IC (r=.10, P<.001). Finally, the mediating effect of cognitive function on depression through the dual parameters of DIUA and IC was also statistically significant (B=.−001, 95% CI [−.002, −.001). Conclusion The depression caused by cognitive decline can be reduced by improving older adults’ ability to use digital information and interact with others. Therefore, social interventions to increase the interpersonal contact of older adults is required, and education programs for improving older adults’ ability to utilize digital information may be developed to increase indirect contact using digital devices as well as direct contact.

This descriptive study aimed to identify the factors influencing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by age between middle-aged and elderly people. These groups have not been evaluated separately until now. This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2021. Of the 3942 participants with OSA in this study, 2397 were middle-aged and 1545 were elderly, and 2509 had low risk and 1433 had moderate–high risk. Age-specific factors related to their OSA were identified using complex sample logistic regression. Factors associated with OSA in middle-aged individuals included the number of household members, smoking, subjective health, and subjective body image. Smoking and subjective health were significantly related to OSA in elderly people. Not smoking was 0.23 times less likely than smoking to be associated with OSA, and 0.3 times less likely when participants were healthy than when unhealthy. Hence, influencing factors differed depending on the age of individuals with OSA. Therefore, to develop public health measures, it may be more effective to establish intervention strategies to improve symptoms and prevent complications in middle-aged and elderly patients with OSA by distinguishing and applying influential age-specific factors.

Background We aimed to identify the factors associated with suicidal ideation by classifying adolescents into three groups: no stress, interpersonal stress, as well as academic and career stress. Method Using the data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2020), 15,343 adolescents were included in the study, and their socio-demographic characteristics as well as physical and psychological factors were assessed. A complex sample logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with suicide. Results The following factors were significantly associated with suicide: fatigue recovery by sleep, body mass index, physical activity, and depression in the no stress group; current school, academic grade, drinking, depression, loneliness, and anxiety in the interpersonal stress group; and gender, current school, academic grade, father’s educational level, drinking, fatigue recovery by sleep, depression, loneliness, subjective health, smartphone overdependence, as well as anxiety in the academic and career stress group (P < 0.05). Conclusion To prevent suicide among adolescents, it is necessary to consider these factors when developing educational policies.

Purpose: This study developed a protocol to assess the core nursing skills of pressure ulcer management and fall prevention for nursing students.Methods: Protocol development consisted of a preliminary investigation of the protocol for pressure ulcer management and fall prevention nursing (step 1), confirmation of the protocol criteria (step 2), development and confirmation of the final protocol (step 3), and development of nursing situations to apply the developed protocol (step 4). The validity of the protocol was measured using the content validity index.Results: The pressure ulcer management and fall prevention nursing protocol we developed consisted of 23 procedures. The guidelines of KABONE (2021) were used to set the achievement goals and difficulty, corresponding to “low” for the achievement goal of evaluating and recording the risk factors. The protocol’s content validity was good, and the developed scenarios were relevant.Conclusion: Nursing practice is critical for nursing students to provide high-quality care in clinical settings. Therefore, it is essential to assess the core nursing skills that nursing students learn and acquire during their student years. The protocol developed in this study can be used to improve nursing education, particularly in the development of core nursing skills.

This descriptive cross-sectional study examined the factors that affect depression in adolescents focusing on how stressed they are regarding their appearance (hereafter, degree of appearance stress). Data from 6493 adolescents from the 2020 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used. Using SPSS 25.0, a complex sample plan file was created, weighted, and analyzed. The frequency, chi-square test, independent t-test, and linear regression were used for the complex sample analysis. The results showed that among adolescents with low appearance stress, depression was significantly affected by the number of breakfast meals, weight control efforts, smoking, loneliness, subjective physical appearance, and smartphone overdependence. Among those with high appearance stress, depression was significantly affected by academic grades, weight control efforts, drinking habits, loneliness, subjective physical appearance, and smartphone overdependence. Furthermore, these factors differed according to the degree of appearance stress. Thus, while developing interventions for mitigating depression in adolescents, the degree of appearance stress should be considered, and a differentiated strategy should be used accordingly.