Muriel Hammer's research while affiliated with New York State Psychiatric Institute and other places
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Publications (6)
In an attempt to elucidate the nature of the subject’s strategy in a two-interval forcedchoice auditory detection task, event-related
potentials were studied at two intensities which yielded mean accuracies of 82% and 98%. Subjects reported the observation
interval in which they judged the signal to be present and the confidence of the judgment. Pr...
Two studies were undertaken to investigate the relationship between social distance and the communicability of speech. In the first study, it was shown that individuals who personally know the author of a certain kind of story will understand that story better (as revealed by the Cloze procedure) than will individuals who do not personally know the...
This paper deals with a methodological aspect of research which in its broadest sense was concerned with the relationship between social and cultural forms. More specifically, the research was concerned with measuring the effect on the predictability of speech of social contact in informal groups. Several kinds of data were obtained for estimating...
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Citations
... Finally, network data derived from participants' reports have been compared with network data derived from investigators' systematic observations of the participants' interactions with" one another (Hammer, Polgar, and K. Salzinger 1969;Bernard, Killworth, and Sailer 1980;Burt and Bittner 1981;Romney and Faust 1982). In general, these comparisons have yielded significant correlations between the two sets of data, and in one case (Hammer, Polgar and K. Salzinger 1969) between each source of data and an external criterion. ...
... 1990; Hraba, Radloff, & Gray-Ray, 1999;Law & Lane, 1987;Lee, Sapp, & Ray, 1996;Salzinger, Hammer, Portoy, Polgar, & Polgar, 1970;Scandrette, 1958;Triandis & Triandis, 1962 (Brown, 2004;Chen, & Starosta, 2000;Davis & Finney, 2006;Loo & Shiomi, 1999;Montagliani & Giacalone, 1998;Munroe & Pearson, 2006;Patterson, 2006;Uttley, 2008;West, 2009 (Risner, 2011). (Kelly & Meyers, 1995). ...
... ERPs to the solution revealed a typical P300 pattern based on problem size, where small problems elicited a target P300 relative to large problems. A target P300 is typically observed during stimulus categorization and is larger for task-relevant targets than nontarget items (Polich, 1987(Polich, , 2007(Polich, , 2012Sutton et al., 1982). Multiple studies have shown that adults elicit P300s when verifying simple arithmetic problems, suggesting efficient categorization of solutions to overlearned problems (Dickson et al., 2018;Dickson & Federmeier, 2017;Dickson & Wicha, 2019;Grenier et al., 2020;Jasinski & Coch, 2012). ...
... These studies indicated that healthy individual judges were less able to predict words omitted from transcripts of patients with schizophrenia than those omitted from the transcripts of healthy controls (Salzinger et al. 1964Salzinger et al. , 1970Salzinger et al. , 1979 ), particularly when the context was relatively lengthy (14 words surrounding the omitted word). In addition, the Type:Token ratio was generally lower in the speech and written samples of patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls (Hammer and Salzinger 1965; Pavy et al. 1969; Manschreck et al. 1991 ). Both these measures were relatively specific to patients who were characterized clinically as being thought disordered (measures using Cloze analysis: Hart and Payne 1973; Manschreck et al. 1979; measures using the Type:Token ratio: Allen 1983; Manschreck et al. 1981). ...