Muhammad Ashfaq’s research while affiliated with Iqra University and other places

The stimulus to carry out this research came from the elevating issue of using cell phones while driving. As numbers of cell phone users are increasing so the use of mobile while driving is also increasing rapidly therefore the risks of accidents are increasing. The purpose of this study was to explore the different perceptions of universities students and faculty member regarding the problem area and to evaluate the factors affecting driving styles while using mobile phone. For this purpose self-developed questionnaire was used and distributed among university students and faculty members. Likert 6 point scale was used to analyze the subject responses Total 450 copies of survey instrument were received back from the concerned subjects. The responses were evaluated by means of frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation analysis. The results depicts that mobile usage while driving cause some sever volition of safety of the subjects as well as others on the road. In most of the results that has been calculated from this research we got to know that driver often does mistakes, avoid rules and make errors being on the road while using mobile phones. Driving is a crucial thing to tackle with, and making errors as going on the wrong lane, crossing red lights, over speeding and getting involved with unofficial races can ultimately cause much danger and can bring the end to the person's life. Usually the drivers, busy on mobile phone forget about the car parking for what they have to pay attention. The study suggests that country-wide law should be imposed to ban use of Mobil phones while driving hence it is partially imposed in some cities of Pakistan. The study further suggests that campaign should be lunch nationwide to minimize cell phone usage while driving and this attempt can captivate laudable contribution to minimize risk associated with use of cell phone while driving.

The initiation of the Internet brought a new way of advertising and selling the products. Most of the people use internet for purchasing the goods but there still some reasons due to which people hesitate from online buying. The attitudes of the people towards buying online are different. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors due to which the consumers feel hesitation from online shopping. For this purpose a questionnaire based survey was conducted and the questionnaires were circulated among the students of different universities and general public. 5 point likert scale was used to examine the responses. The responses were analyzed by means of frequency distribution, mean, and standard deviation analysis. The results of the analysis showed that most of the people already shop online and prefer to shop online but there are some reasons such as Psychological Factors, Social Factors Emotional Factors, and Privacy which affect buyer's attitudes to purchases online. The privacy and security are big problems affecting the behavior of the people to purchase online. Various attitudes of the consumers toward online purchasing are catered in the study which reveals that purchasing online are easy, comfortable and better than conventional shopping due to a variety of factors. The listed factors subject provides are prices, Convenience, and recommendation. The study also concludes that security and privacy are the major factors that hesitates consumers to purchases products online. The ratio of hesitation towards online shopping is more, which is mostly due to insecure payments and transaction of invalid and cyber hacking.