Muhammad Arsalan’s scientific contributions

The study examines the impact of foreign capital inflows (FCI) on stock market development (SMD), with a specific focus on the moderating role of institutional quality (IQ). The study uses a panel dataset of 28 emerging economies for the period of 1998 to 2022. The findings reveal that both international remittances (REM) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI) have a significant positive impact on SMD. These findings imply that REM inflows enhance the availability of financial resources in the economy, promoting stock market growth and stability. Similarly, FPI increases market liquidity and fills the saving-investment gap in the host country, thereby increasing SMD. However, the results show that foreign direct investment (FDI) has a significant negative impact on SMD. This finding implies that FDI could negatively affect SMD in the host country due to the diversion of investments from the stock market to other business ventures, profit repatriation, and crowding-out effects on domestic investment by creating strong competition in the input market, making it difficult for listed domestic firms to operate. Moreover, the study reveals two unique and interesting findings. First, official development assistance (ODA) has a significant negative impact on SMD, suggesting that ODA reduces SMD due to the misallocation of resources due to aid conditions and economic instability, and the crowding-out effect on private investments. Second, IQ positively moderates the relationship between all forms of FCI and SMD in the sampled countries, implying that host countries with a good institutional framework and high IQ tend to experience high SMD.

Background: Infertility in men is the most discussed issue among couples. It is generally believed that about half of infertility in couples is due to the men side, mainly due to frustrations in the process of spermatogenesis. Currently it has been found that lifestyle modifications are vital to improve infertility and interest in this area has increased. Examples include maturation, mental stress, diet, active work, high temperature of scrotum, hot water, caffeine, and mobile phone use. This review will examine the effects of personal satisfaction (a modifiable lifestyle factor) and mental stress on infertility in male. It will also show the effects of high scrotal temperature and unhealthy views of exercise on infertility in male. Materials and Methods: Forty of the 118 (34%) men patients who underwent IVF agreed to participate in this review. Only patients having IVF for the first time were recalled for re-examination to reduce the adjustments to the sperms sample screening process that would occur in men with some experience of IVF. Of these, 31 completed the retest and eight decided not to proceed after the initial testing period; one patient's cycle was cancelled prior to ovulation. Conclusion: Our study found that IVF patients had significantly lower sperm quality when they collected their eggs, which suggests a link between sperm quality and psychological stress. Whether physical (frozen reserve sperm samples) or psychological (evacuation preparation, targeted morphology, treatment groups) interventions are effective in reducing stress in male IVF patients and controlling stress-related changes in sperm quality is still unknown. Further studies are awaited to light some further developments.

This study examines how electronic procurement (EP) affects the supply chain performance (SCP) of SMEs in Pakistan, focusing on marketing communication's (MC) moderating effect. In Pakistan, resource constraints and restricted access to new technologies adversely affect the SCP of SMEs. In literature, the significance of EP in improving supply chain efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing performance remains unexplored, especially for SMEs. In addition, the effect of MC on EP and SCP is relatively unknown. Therefore, this study addresses these literature gaps. This study employed a quantitative research design and data were collected from 384 supply chain professionals using a survey questionnaire. The findings show that EP significantly improves the SCP of SMEs. Further, the results do not provide any evidence of the moderating effect of MC on supply chain integration and SCP relationship. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the impact of e-procurement on SCP in the specific context of SMEs. The findings imply that the adoption of EP technologies may significantly enhance the SCP of SMEs in Pakistan.

Metabolic syndrome is the most common issue faced by a large population, especially women and old aged people. This is not only a clinical issue for the women and adults but also a social concern particularly among children and adolescents in high-income areas. The prevention and Cure are the hottest area of discussion through the years and many recommendations came regarding preventions and treatments as depressing the asprosin hormone level which is a major cause of high appetite and increase sugar level in blood can help in controlling the obesity and few metabolisms, and nutraceuticals discoveries. There are few proposals about adding psychological interventions in treatments, as these people should also be motivated psychologically as these people sometimes these people face social isolation and give up on treatments. In the SARS-COV 2 pandemic the incidences of this syndrome due to restricted movement of people and other factors.

Cholelithiasis is a very common disease throughout the world, but there are still some shortcomings in its treatment. Even after the treatment of "uncomplicated calculous cholecystitis" by the internationally recognized laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCHEC), complications such as "postcholecystectomy syndrome" after surgery are up to 20-40%, and the number of reoperations sometimes reaches 15-20%, especially in former Soviet republics (authors .... and others). The article shows the role of fibrocholangioscopy aimed at reducing these complications. At the same time, after choledocholithotomy, it almost completely excludes residual stones and clarifies the diagnosis of BS VP. In addition, with choledocholithiasis, cholangitis is almost always found, more often catarrhal (up to 46%), purulent (in 24% of patients) and often ulcerative-necrotic forms of cholangitis (22%), sometimes reticular cholesterosis (8%), as well as tumors hepatic ducts and polyps of BS duodenum. Therefore, as a result of fibrocholangoscopy, the accuracy of diagnosing choledocholithiasis, BS VP, cholangitis, etc., reaches 95-99%. which helps to reduce the number of complications, such as recurrent and especially residual choledocholithiasis, BS VP and cholangitis, etc.

Working capital management is critical to an organization's financial health and long-term performance. The relationship between working capital management and firm performance is uncertain, and research on firm size's moderating effect is scarce. The study investigates the impact of Working capital management (WCM) on firm performance and examines how the firm size moderates this relationship. Firms must efficiently manage working capital to stay financially stable and profitable. WCM procedures affect performance differently depending on the firm size. The research is conducted using the quantitative research design. For this research, we have gathered data from the annual reports of the firms belonging to the KMI-30 index listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange. The period considered as the research sample is from 2012 to 2022, as it can provide a better analysis of different financial crises and long-term analysis. The quantile regression was used to evaluate the research objective since the data has the issue of heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. We found that working capital significantly and positively influences the firm performance. However, the moderating role of firm size was found to be insignificant. The findings reveal that firms of all sizes should concentrate on ensuring good working capital management strategies to increase their performance. This requires monitoring and optimizing inventory, accounts receivable, and accounts payable while assuring sufficient liquidity to satisfy operating needs.

Brand loyalty (BL) is essential in the mobile phone industry as it drives customer retention, increases profits, and enhances a company's reputation. This study aims to investigate the impact of brand commitment (BC) as a moderator in the relationship between brand trust (BT) and (BL) in the mobile phone industry of Pakistan. The study also explores the relationships between perceived value (PV), brand image (BI), brand experience (BE), perceived quality (PQ), and brand trust. The theoretical framework is based on the brand commitment theory, which suggests that emotional attachment to a brand plays a crucial role in determining brand loyalty. The study employed a quantitative research approach, and data was collected from 377 mobile phone users in Pakistan through a survey. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results indicate that (PV), (BI), (BE) and (PQ) have a significant positive impact on brand trust, and brand trust has a significant positive impact on (BL). Furthermore, (BC) was found to moderate the relationship between (BT) and (BL), suggesting that the effect of (BT) on (BL) is stronger when customers are more committed to the brand. The study has several implications for mobile phone companies operating in Pakistan. Firstly, companies should focus on enhancing the (PV), (BI), (BE), and (PQ) of their products to build brand trust. Secondly, companies should foster brand commitment among their customers to strengthen the positive relationship between brand trust and brand loyalty. Overall, this study highlightsthe importance of brand commitment as a moderator in the relationship between brand trust and loyalty and recommends that mobile phone companies invest in building strong brand relationships with their customers by enhancing their brand commitment, as it will lead to increased customer loyalty and higher profitability in the long run.