Montrose M. Wolf’s research while affiliated with University of Kansas and other places

What is this page?


This page lists works of an author who doesn't have a ResearchGate profile or hasn't added the works to their profile yet. It is automatically generated from public (personal) data to further our legitimate goal of comprehensive and accurate scientific recordkeeping. If you are this author and want this page removed, please let us know.

Publications (47)


Algumas dimensões ainda atuais da análise do comportamento aplicada
  • Article

June 2023

·

11 Reads

·

1 Citation

Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento

Donald M. Baer

·

Montrose M. Wolf

·

Todd R. Risley

Vinte anos atrás, uma nota antropológica descreveu as dimensões vigentes da análise do comportamento aplicada como prescrita e praticada em 1968: ela era, ou deveria se tornar, aplicada, comportamental, analítica, tecnológica, conceitual, eficaz e capaz de resultados apropriadamente generalizados. Uma nota antropológica semelhante, hoje, ainda encontra as mesmas dimensões prescritivas e, em maior medida, descritivas. Várias estratégias novas tornaram-se conhecidas; algumas no domínio da análise conceitual, algumas relacionadas ao status sociológico da disciplina e algumas sobre sua compreensão da natureza sistêmica necessária para qualquer disciplina aplicada que operará no domínio de comportamentos humanos importantes.Palavras-chave: aplicação, disseminação, tecnologia, terminologia, história. Nota: referência do texto original, cuja permissão de tradução foi garantida pela editora Wiley: Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M. & Risley, T. R. (1987). Some still-current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20(4), 313-327. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1987.20-313. TradutoresJoão Eduardo Cattani Vilares eMarcos Spector Azoubel.


Algumas dimensões atuais da análise do comportamento aplicada

June 2023

·

27 Reads

·

3 Citations

Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento

A análise do comportamento individual tem sido sistematicamente estudada e praticada em vários contextos, ao longo de muitos anos. Essa análise resultou em descrições de princípios comportamentais que têm sido aplicados a problemas de comportamento socialmente relevantes nos últimos anos. As pesquisas de análise do comportamento aplicada – direcionadas a investigar as variáveis que podem ser efetivas para melhorar o comportamento sob estudo – possuem características que as distinguem das tradicionais pesquisas da análise do comportamento não aplicadas, conduzidas em laboratório. O estudo precisa ser aplicado, evidenciando a importância do comportamento alterado, comportamental, apresentando medidas diretas e quantitativas do comportamento alterado, e analítico, identificando com clareza o que foi responsável pela mudança. Além disso, o estudo deveria ser tecnológico, descrevendo precisamente todos os procedimentos que contribuíram para a mudança, conceitualmente sistemático, relacionando os procedimentos empregados e os resultados identificados com os processos comportamentais básicos, e efetivo, produzindo mudanças suficientemente relevantes, e deveria demonstrar alguma generalidade, planejando e avaliando a extensão dos efeitos da aplicação ao longo do tempo, para outras situações e para outros comportamentos.Palavras-chave: análise do comportamento aplicada, delineamentos experimentais, metodologia, pesquisa aplicada, tecnologia comportamental. Nota: Referência do texto original, cuja permissão de tradução foi garantida pela editora Wiley: Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M. & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91-97. Resumo e abstract foram elaborados a partir dos principais aspectos do texto; a publicação original não incluía resumo. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1968.1-91.TradutoresJoão Eduardo Cattani Vilares eMarcos Spector Azoubel.



A Comparison of Treatment Environments in Community-Based Group Homes for Adolescent Offenders

September 1988

·

37 Reads

·

14 Citations

Criminal Justice and Behavior

Evaluations of community-based programs for delinquents have usually addressed differential outcomes or cost-efficiency, but generally ignored the treatment environments themselves. Yet milieu characteristics are important in assessing treatment quality. The present research examined several environmental dimensions in 11 group home programs. Teaching-Family programs scored significantly higher on observational and self-report measures of staff-youth relationships and interactions, staff teaching activities and disapproval of deviance, the family-likeness and pleasantness of the program atmosphere, and the extent of prosocial behavior displayed by the participants. Several of the measures were significantly negatively correlated with self-reported delinquency. The results suggest that, contrary to some stereotypes, behavioral programs can be pleasant, positive, and familylike while offering structured treatment.


Some still current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20, 313-327

February 1987

·

546 Reads

·

612 Citations

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

Twenty years ago, an anthropological note described the current dimensions of applied behavior analysis as it was prescribed and practiced in 1968: It was, or ought to become, applied, behavioral, analytic, technological, conceptual, effective, and capable of appropriately generalized outcomes. A similar anthropological note today finds the same dimensions still prescriptive, and to an increasing extent, descriptive. Several new tactics have become evident, however, some in the realm of conceptual analysis, some in the sociological status of the discipline, and some in its understanding of the necessary systemic nature of any applied discipline that is to operate in the domain of important human behaviors.


Serious delinquent behavior as part of a significantly handicapping condition: Cures and supportive environments

February 1987

·

12 Reads

·

88 Citations

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

The past 20 years have been productive ones for the field of applied behavior analysis. A brief review of our own efforts during this period reveals that we have accomplished several but not all of our goals for the Teaching‐Family approach. In this context, we note that the setting of realistic and appropriate goals is important for the field and for society. Moreover, we suggest that the realistic goal for some persons with serious delinquent behavior may be extended supportive and socializing treatment rather than permanent cure from conventional short‐term treatment programs. We base this suggestion on the accumulating evidence that serious delinquent behavior may often be part of a significantly disabling and durable condition that consists of multiple antisocial and dysfunctional behaviors, often runs in families, and robustly eludes effective short‐term treatment. Like other significant disabilities such as retardation, autism, and blindness, the effects of this condition may be a function of an interaction of environmental and constitutional variables. We argue that our field has the wherewithal to construct effective and humane long‐term supportive environments for seriously delinquent youths. In this regard, we explore the dimensions, rationales, logistics, and beginnings of a new treatment direction that involves long‐term supportive family treatment. We contend that such supportive families may be able to provide long, perhaps even lifetime, socializing influences through models, values, and contingencies that seem essential for developing and maintaining prosocial behavior in these high‐risk youths.


Behaviorally Based Group Homes for Juvenile Offenders

January 1987

·

20 Reads

·

22 Citations

Perhaps the most systematic, and certainly the most long-lived and widely disseminated, application of the behavioral approach with juvenile offenders has been in the context of group homes. Research and development based on behavioral principles and procedures began at the University of Kansas in the late 1960s and continues to the present to establish and refine an effective, consumer-preferred, and replicable group home treatment model. Because that model—the Achievement Place or Teaching-Family model (Wolf, Phillips, & Fixsen, 1972)—has been the focal point of almost all of the behavioral research and development concerning group homes, this chapter will concentrate on that model. Following a summary of the results of evaluation research on the Teaching-Family approach, the chapter concludes with a discussion of how evaluation results have prompted major reconsideration of the original assumptions of the approach.


Parent and teacher use of DRO and DRI to reduce aggressive behavior

December 1986

·

74 Reads

·

23 Citations

Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities

This experiment evaluated parent and teacher use of reinforcement-based, reductive procedures to treat aggressive pinching in a severely retarded child. A withdrawal and a multiple baseline design were used for the analysis. Substantial and lasting treatment effects were obtained at home and school. The benefits and problems associated with parent use of reinforcement-based, behavioral procedures with severely handicapped children, as well as the comparative effects of DRO and DRI are discussed.


Considering the Preponderance of Evidence: A Reply to Cummings

January 1986

·

4 Reads

Psychological Reports

Cummings's 1985 response to our prior article suggests that the American Psychological Association was justified in not adequately describing or qualifying medical-cost-offset research findings, because the “preponderance of evidence” in the over-all literature is “quite persuasive.” We argue in return that one's willingness to accept a body of evidence as persuasive does not excuse one from providing important qualifications for findings, especially when significant threats to validity exist. We question whether the evidence is indeed persuasive. A review of the evidence suggests that the potential for serious regression and selection biases is not limited to the studies described in the APA document. Cummings acknowledges that studies of offset have weaknesses but argues that collectively they provide evidence analogous to that establishing a causal link between smoking and disease. On the contrary, as we describe, the evidence linking smoking and disease is vastly stronger. We do not find compelling the analogy pairing the Surgeon General's conclusion about smoking with a government agency's report concluding that psychological care reduces medical costs. We appreciate that one would not want to use a no-treatment control group in the kind of research Cummings is currently conducting, but there may be alternative, quasi-experimental designs which allow testing for absolute effects while controlling for possible regression.


“Psychology as a Health Care Profession:” How Healthy Was APA's Case for the Cost-Effectiveness of Psychological Health Care?

May 1985

·

9 Reads

·

4 Citations

Psychological Reports

The American Psychological Association's “Psychology as a Health Care Profession” (1979) contains a review of several studies on the cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy. As we document, that review does not consider viable alternative interpretations or qualify findings in line with the studies' substantial limitations, e.g., their lack of controls for regression or selection biases. Following our critique, we suggest that in light of the financial contingencies surrounding conclusions about the effectiveness of psychotherapy, special care must be taken to ensure that psychology's public stance on the value of psychotherapy contains the qualifications suggested by the scientific evidence. Public statements by the American Psychological Association on the issue of the effectiveness of psychotherapy might be based on a review of the scientific merits of pertinent studies by an independent body of research methodologists.


Citations (43)


... A análise do comportamento aplicada, área voltada para intervenção e pesquisa de comportamentos socialmente relevantes, foi apresentada formalmente em 1968 por Baer, Wolf e Risley para distinguir estudos aplicados de estudos experimentais. Os autores propuseram naquele momento sete dimensões que caracterizam a prática e o estudo aplicado: aplicada, comportamental, analítica, tecnológica, conceitualmente sistemática, efetiva e capaz de demonstrar alguma generalidade em seus resultados (Baer et al., /2023. ...

Reference:

Reforçamento natural e reforçamento arbitrário
Algumas dimensões atuais da análise do comportamento aplicada
  • Citing Article
  • June 2023

Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento

... A partir desses dados, a comunidade, especialmente a parte dela que trabalha em periódicos da área, poderá avaliar mais claramente a questão e planejar estratégias com base em dados. Em debate sobre o quanto políticas editoriais poderiam dificultar a descrição minuciosa dos procedimentos de estudos aplicados, Baer et al. (1987Baer et al. ( /2023 ...

Algumas dimensões ainda atuais da análise do comportamento aplicada
  • Citing Article
  • June 2023

Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento

... achieve, all relevant potential responses raise their voices. Baer et al. (1968) called these command modules "guests"; Ainslie (1992) called them "interests." There are many other names for them. ...

Some Current Dimensions of Applied Behavior Analysis
  • Citing Article
  • Full-text available
  • February 1968

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

Donald M. Baer

·

Montrose M. Wolf

·

Todd R. Risley

·

[...]

·

... There is abundant evidence that social contingencies applied by staff and/or parents can modify selected problem behaviors of children. This has been shown with preschool children (e.g., Baer and Wolf, 1968;Harris, Wolf, and Baer, 1964), school children (e.g., Hall, Lund, and Jackson, 1968;McAllister, Stachowiak, Baer, and Conderman, 1969), children at home (e.g., Hawkins, Peterson, Schweid, and Bijou, 1966;Herbert and Baer, 1972), and in clinical groups with brain injury, emotional disturbance, or retardation (e.g., Hall and Broden, 1967;Zimmerman and Zimmerman, 1962). The behaviors modified have ranged through poor 'This research was conducted during the course of study and sabbatical leaves by the first and third authors at the University of Western Australia, Nedlands. ...

The Reinforcement Contingency in Pre-School and Remedial Education
  • Citing Chapter
  • September 2017

... Some reviews include studies conducted outside the United States, where the prevalence and purpose of group care placement may make these findings less generalizable (Grietens & Hellinckx, 2004;Knorth et al., 2008). Finally, some reviews were published in the 1980s or early 1990s (e.g., Braukmann & Wolf, 1987;Garrett, 1985;Izzo & Ross, 1990) and included studies from as early as 1960. Findings from older reviews may not be representative of contemporary group care services or the current level of youth needs that are managed in current group care practice, as studies comparing cohorts of youth who receive group care suggest youth served in these settings present with increasing challenges (Dale, Baker, Anastasio, & Purcell, 2007;Hurley et al., 2009). ...

Behaviorally Based Group Homes for Juvenile Offenders
  • Citing Article
  • January 1987

... The learning that occurred led to a redefinition of the Teaching-Family Model and improved methods for training staff (Wolf, Kirigin, Fixsen, Blase, & Braukmann, 1995). In addition, the process of comparing and contrasting the successful prototype program and the failed replication attempt led to the development of a way to assess fidelity of the use of the comprehensive and complex treatment program (Bedlington, Braukmann, Ramp, & Wolf, 1988;Braukmann et al., 1975). Thus, the process of attempting to replicate the successful prototype produced a deeper and more complete understanding of the intervention, improved methods for preparing staff, and a way to assess the presence and strength (fidelity) of the intervention in practice. ...

A Comparison of Treatment Environments in Community-Based Group Homes for Adolescent Offenders
  • Citing Article
  • September 1988

Criminal Justice and Behavior

... Punishment is one of the most well-known methods to reduce or eliminate undesirable behaviors through the presentation of negative stimuli. Among various methods of punishment, the use of aversive electric shock has been widely researched and known for its effectiveness in extinguishing addictive and compulsive behaviors even in intellectually disabled individuals (1,2). Use of electric shock for therapeutic benefits or discipline purposes, however, contains many ethical problems since physical pain is accompanied (3). ...

A comparison of procedures for eliminating self-injurious behavior of retarded adolescents1
  • Citing Article
  • October 1971

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

... Since it was first tested in 1969, the evidence of GBG effectiveness across various populations, age groups, behaviors, and settings has been supported (Joslyn et al., 2019). The seminal work of Barrish and colleagues in this area first developed and introduced GBG as a way to control individual student performance by setting group contingencies (Barrish et al., 1969). In their work, Barrish and colleagues targeted student behavior such as "out of seat" and "talking out" in a fourth-grade class. ...

Good Behavior Game: Effects of individual contingencies for group consequences on disruptive behavior in a classroom
  • Citing Article
  • July 1969

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

... The authors examined whether community-based clinicians working in rural, underserved geographic regions could apply an evidence-based trauma treatment with high fidelity through participation in a training and implementation LC. TF-CBT, the selected intervention, has [60] 2. EBT format and training to fidelity can be replicated with multiple agencies [4,5,61,62] 3. Assessment of "readiness" for implementation: Appropriate selection of agencies based on implementation capacity [12,13,61] Preparation Phase 4. Within selected agencies, selection of appropriate staff (defined team composition, including implementation champions) [13,63] 5. Attention to implementation process as part of variance of treatment outcomes [6-8, 10, 18, 64] 6. Practitioner attitudes to EBTs [4,65] 7. Challenges to training within service delivery structure [66][67][68] 8. Organizational readiness, culture, & processes addressed in preparedness & prework [16,69] 9. Data monitoring capacity at practitioner & agency level [70] 10. Use of technology to integrate practice into care [71] Implementation Phase 11. ...

Training Techniques for Staff in Group Homes for Juvenile OffendersAn Analysis
  • Citing Article
  • September 1975

Criminal Justice and Behavior

... Key treatment components used by the Teaching Parents are teaching appropriate alternative behavior as well as initializing motivation systems, self-government systems, and counseling (Phillips et al., 1972). Individualized treatment goals for youths include a variety of self-care skills, social skills, living with family, dealing with authority, and academic content and behavior at school (Bailey, Wolf, & Phillips, 1970;Eitzen, 1974;Fixsen, Phillips, & Wolf, 1973;Phillips, 1968;Phillips, Phillips, Fixsen, & Wolf, 1971;Werner et al., 1975). After four years of research and development the first few goals were being met at Achievement Place, the prototype group home treatment program. ...

"Intervention Package"An Analysis to Prepare Juvenile Delinquents for Encounters with Police Officers
  • Citing Article
  • March 1975

Criminal Justice and Behavior