Mohd Aftab Ahmad’s scientific contributions

ABSTRACT Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a global health problem. It is the number one leading cause of mortality in the United States. Each year 900,000 Americans have an acute myocardial infarction; of them, 225,000 die. High intake of fats and hyperlipidaemia are risk factors for its development. Excessive intake of fatty foods and lack of exercise lead to hyperlipidemia. Certain food items like fruits in association with exercise may be protective. Saturated fats and cholesterol in the diet play a major role in the causation of hypercholesterolemia and act as a risk factor for CHD. Obese people tend to have relatively high triglyceride and low HDLcholesterol. Unani System of Medicine is familiar of management of hyperlipidaemia by various methods. The present paper describes the detailed concept of hyperlipidaemia (Fart-e-tadassum fid-dam) and its related historical background and management with reference to the Unani concept. Keywords: Hyperlipidaemia, Fart-e-tadassum fid-dam, CHD, Obesity.

ABSTRACT Ustukhuddoos is named on „Stoechades‟ a group of Islands on the south coast of Gaul, where this shrub is basically grown. Scientific name of Ustukhuddoos is Lavandula stoechas Linn and belong to family „Lamiaceae‟. It is very popular drug and also called “Jaroob-e-Dimagh” (broom of brain) in unani medicine, because it remove the black bile from the brain, give strengthens and improves the brain condition. Many of the unani physicians like Jalinus, Dioscorides and Ibn Sina have also described in their books about the morphological characters, temperament and medicinal uses of Ustukhuddoos. There are a number of pharmacological actions of this drug such as Munaqqi-eDimagh (Brain purifier), Dafa-e-Tashannuj (anti-convulsant), Mufarrah-e-Qalb- wa- Dimagh (exhilarant of heart and brain), Muqawwi-e-Aasab (nervine tonic) Dafa-e-Sauda (evacuation of black bile), Jaroob-e-Dimagh (brain scavenger) etc, and it is used in several ailments such as nisyan (dementia), malankholia (malancholia), waja-ulqalb (angina pectoris), suda-e-muzmin (a chronic headache), falij (paralysis), laqwa (facial paralysis), zo’af-edimagh, sahar (insomnia), anxiety, depression, sidr (Giddiness) etc. This review paper covers the pharmacognostic character, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and therapeutic approaches of Ustukhuddoos (Lavandula stoechas) in the perspective of unani literature. KEYWORDS: Ustukhuddoos, Lavandula stoechas, Jaroob-e-Dimagh.

ABSTRACT The whole world are worried about non- infectious diseases and life style disorders like osteoarthritis, cervical spondylosis, lumbar spondylosis, PIVD, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot, skin disorders, psychological disorders, muscular disorders etc. Various methods or technics of Ilaj-Bil-Tadbeer (Regimental /Regimenal therapy) are used for such type of problem and disorders for preventive as well as curative measures by Unani physicians for thousand years. Ilaj-bil-Tadbeer (Regimental therapy) basically application of certain special techniques or physical methods of treatment to improve the constitution of body by removing waste materials and improving the defence mechanism of body to protect the health by Unani physians for a long time. It is also considered for the Istifraagh-e-akhlaat-e-radiya (evacuation of morbid humours) from the body. Because morbid humours are true culprits are responsible for the onset of disease. As soon as these morbid humours are removed from the body by applying some regimens, normal health gets restored. In other words, regimental therapy (Ilajbil- tadbeer) are mostly non medicinal technics or procedures by which Unani physicians modulate the patient‟s habitat, life style and dietary habits of the patient. The role of Ilaj-bil-tadbeer (regimental therapy) as non-medical therapy mentioned in unani system of medicine will be discussed in detail in this paper. KEYWORDS: Ilaj-bil-Tadbeer, Regimental therapy, Istifraagh-e-akhlaat-e-radiya.

Punica granatum belongs to the family Punicaceae. Gulnar is a very significant herbal drug in Unani system of medicine. This meticulous herb have Antidiabetic, Antiulcer activity, Antioxidant activity, Allergenic activity, Anti-inflamatory activity and it is used to treat a variety of diseases especially Zaheer (dysentery), Nazf-ud-dam (hematemesis), Sual (cough), Khurooje maqad (rectal prolapse), Pyorrhoea, Ishal Safrawi, Ishal damwi, Qula (stomatitis), Surkh bada, Kasrate haiz (menorrhagia), Sailan-ur-raham (leucorrhoea), Diarrhoea, Nakseer (epistaxis). This review gives a keen view on its phytochemical studies, chemical constituent and pharmacological action and medicinal application of the drug.

ARTICLE INFORMATION Eczema (Nar-e-farsi) is an inflammatory responsive condition of the skin which is characterized by erythema, skin edema, vesiculation, itching, oozing or bleeding, flaking, blistering, cracking, crusting and lichenification. Although many theories are bound to explain etiology. But basically two factors causing eczema are described. Firstly an allergic or sensitive skin and secondly exposure to an irritant. However the following factors are described: age, genetic predisposition, climate, debility, psychological factors, exciting factors like soaps, polish, hair dye, colours, cream, Hand bags, slippers, penicillin, iodine, streptomycin, bacteria, virus, and fungus. Several Unani single drugs like Shahtra (Fumaria indica Pugsley), Chiraita (Swertia chirayita Roxb.), Sarphoka (Tephrosia purpurea Linn.), Gul-e-mundi (Sphaeranthus indicus Linn.) and Unnab (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) etc. as well as compound drugs like Qurs Musaffi Khoon, Majoon Ushba, Sharbat Musaffi Murakkab, Sharbat Unnab, Sharbat Nilofer, Arq-e-Shahatra, Arq-e-Mundi etc. The present paper shows brief description like introduction, eitiology, pathophysiology, classification, clinical features, investigation, differential diagnosis, diagnosis, complications and management of Eczema (Nar-e-farsi) in modern and Greek medicine.