Michael Gibbons’s research while affiliated with University of Sussex and other places

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Publications (16)


Revisiting Mode 2 at Noors Slott
  • Article
  • Full-text available

December 2011

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83 Reads

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34 Citations

Prometheus

Michael Gibbons

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Camille Limoges

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In November 2009, at Noors Slott in Sweden, a small group of distinguished individuals from academia and government met to reflect on the ideas developed in the New Production of Knowledge (Gibbons et al., 1994) and Re-thinking Science (Nowotny et al., 2001). The aim was less to determine the impact of these works on science and policy than to identify what, if anything, the authors had overlooked or, indeed, what developments had occurred during the past 25 years that might alter the conclusions reached in these two books. The purpose of this introduction is not to provide a summary of each paper, but rather to present some of the key elements that emerged in the discussion, configured to point to future questions which science policy researchers might address. Five areas have been identified within the overall Mode 2 theme: bibliometrics; regime change; the role of laboratory spaces; open innovation; and the politics of innovation.

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Re-Thinking Science: Mode 2 in Societal Context

January 2005

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10 Reads

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11 Citations

In the 21st century, intangible resources such as knowledge and social capital have become as necessary to the modern economy as coal, diamonds, and oil were to the past. This shift from product-focused to service-focused economies necessitates a drastic re-thinking of the ways in which we support the mission and business of economic development on a global, regional, and national scale. In order to effect and sustain a positive change, innovation and knowledge networks need to be connected to every aspect of life, from the private and domestic, to the corporate and the global. This book integrates a wide variety of perspectives and treatises on mutually adaptive and complementary processes of knowledge generation, diffusion, and transfer within organizations and industry, addressing both the what and how to questions of knowledge management in a conceptual as well as an applied manner. It should be of strong interest to science and technology policy makers, research and development managers, business decision makers, and students of innovation and knowledge dynamics alike.






The Potential of Transdisciplinarity

January 2000

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592 Reads

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230 Citations

A transformation is occurring in the relationship of science and society. A new mode of knowledge production is at the heart of this transformation. Much of the thrust of innovation is coming from new links between traditionally segmented producers and users of knowledge. Contextualization of research around the interests of stakeholders fosters a more “socially robust” knowledge that transgresses disciplinary and institutional boundaries. The ancient Greek agora is a model for a new transdisciplinary forum.



The New Production of Knowledge: The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies

November 1995

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29,861 Reads

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7,555 Citations

Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews

This volume offers an exploration of major changes in the way knowledge is produced in science, technology, social science, & humanities, arguing that a new mode of knowledge production promises to replace or radically reform established institutions, disciplines, practices, & policies. A range of features - reflexivity, transdisciplinarity, heterogeneity - associated with the new mode of knowledge production are identified to illustrate the connections between them & the changing role of knowledge in social relations. Methodological difficulties inherent in attempts to describe a new mode of knowledge production are discussed, & implications of this mode for science policy & international economic competitiveness, collaboration, & globalization are treated. The book is particularly relevant for those concerned with educational systems, the changing nature of knowledge, the social study of science, & the connections between research & development, & social, economic, & technological development. The book is presented in 7 Chpts with a Preface & an Introduction. (1) Evolution of Knowledge Production. (2) The Marketability and Commercialisation of Knowledge. (3) Massification of Research and Education. (4) The Case of the Humanities. (5) Competitiveness, Collaboration and Globalisation. (6) Reconfiguring Institutions. (7) Towards Managing Socially Distributed Knowledge. References accompany each Chpt. 2 Tables. W. Howard (Copyright 1995, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.)


Citations (14)


... Additionally, there is an ongoing debate regarding to co-creation of science and the broader relationship between science and society (Gibbons et al. 1994(Gibbons et al. , 2011Nowotny et al. 2001Nowotny et al. , 2005 in the context of 'Mode 2' knowledge production: ''knowledge is generated within the context of application. This is different from the process of application by which 'pure' science, generated in theoretical/experimental environments, is 'applied; technology is 'transferred'; and knowledge is subsequently 'managed''' (Nowotny et al. 2005). ...

Reference:

Delivering on societal impacts through open innovation: a framework for government laboratories
Re-Thinking Science: Mode 2 in Societal Context
  • Citing Chapter
  • January 2005

... Nicolescu (2006) first described it as the pursuit of a "unity of knowledge" (Nicolescu 2006, p. 146). Approaches to achieve this goal revolve around the extension of the research community through collaboration and joint research with stakeholders (regional, local, practitioners, etc.) (Funtowicz and Ravetz 1993;Gibbons et al. 1994;Hirsch Hadorn et al. 2008a;Lang et al. 2012). This extension aims to ensure the quality not only of scientific products, but also of scientific processes, persons, and purposes (Funtowicz and Ravetz 1993). ...

The New Production of Knowledge: The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies
  • Citing Book
  • January 2010

... 2 Subsequently, human ecology developed similar interdisciplinary subjects during the twentieth century, including cultural ecology (since the 1930s : Steward, 1956), and later, in the second half of the twentieth century, social ecology (Haberl et al., 2016) and political ecology (Perreault et al., 2015). Furthermore, an epistemological discourse about inter and transdisciplinarity developed in Europe and other countries with the discussion of new forms of knowledge production, including "mode 1" and "mode 2" (Gibbons et al., 1994, ;Nowotny et al., 2001), "triple helix" (Anderson et al., 2019), "science and technology studies" (Felt et al., 2017), "post-normal science" (Funtowicz & Ravetz, 1994), and included ecological knowledge production, the interdisciplinary subjects of ecological economics, sustainability science, and transformation research. New perspectives of inter and transdisciplinary sciences developed less in the academic sciences and more in newly developing, non-academic forms of science and knowledge production (Jamison, 2001). ...

Rethinking Science: Knowledge and the Public in an Age of Uncertainty
  • Citing Book
  • March 2001

... Since SSH research is concerned primarily with studying the human condition, how individuals relate and behave and how societies are organized, research in the context of application and reflexivity are inherent characteristics of these disciplines (Gibbons et al., 1994). Although there might appear to be strong links between SSH research and societal needs, this does not imply direct engagement of researchers with the potential beneficiaries of their research activities: conducting research on social phenomena and interacting with the potential users of that research are different activities. ...

The case of the humanities
  • Citing Article
  • January 1994

... internacionales tiene en las universidades brasileñas; analizar el modelo de internacionalización ejercido por la Universidad de São Paulo y las consecuencias de esa política en la realidad académica. El aporte teórico se basa en Ortiz (2007), Santos (2001) y Mignolo (2000), para referenciar los conceptos de mundialización y globalización; Mignolo (2000) y Pennycook (2007) quienes esbozan un panorama histórico del proceso de globalización en América y su relación con el conocimiento académico; Slaughter y Leslie (2001), quienes analizan el concepto de capitalismo académico; Gibbons et al. (1997), que analiza la conversión de las universidades en industrias del conocimiento que generan miles de millones de dólares; Altabach (2001) y Miúra (2006), que analizan la internacionalización de las universidades; Morosini (2011), Didriksson (1997), Lima y Maranhão (2009) y Vuilletet (2005, quienes discuten los modelos y conceptos de internacionalización existentes. Las metodologías utilizadas fueron: investigación bibliográfica sobre el tema, investigación descriptiva y exploratoria en la que analizamos la internacionalización de la Universidad de São Paulo. ...

La nueva producción del conocimiento: La dinámica de la ciencia y la investigación en las sociedades contemporáneas

... Thus, CMR can be seen as part of the collaborative inquiry family, which includes for example action research, participatory action research, action learning, collaborative research, and CMR (Coghlan 2023). These forms of collaborative inquiry and CMR align with mode 2 research (Gibbons 1994;Gibbons et al. 2011), which covers applied research in specific contexts addressing reallife issues in practice. ...

Revisiting Mode 2 at Noors Slott

Prometheus

... En lo que respecta a la vida académica, la globalización ha tenido efectos que pueden sintetizarse en: a) nuevas formas de vinculación laboral entre los docentes e investigadores y las casas de estudios (Sisto, 2005(Sisto, y 2007; b) presiones para aumentar la productividad del trabajo académico, principalmente medido en términos de publicaciones en revistas extranjeras, subsidios externos a la investigación y patentes (Galcerán, 2007); c) internacionalización del aprendizaje, con un aumento sostenido de la movilidad estudiantil que, en algunos casos, favorece la diversidad en el aula (Pérez, 2003); d) internacionalización de la investigación, con presiones internas y externas para formar equipos de trabajo multinacionales (Becher y Trowler, 2001); e) masificación de la educación superior que no ha sido acompañada por un incremento de los fondos públicos, lo que ha generado déficit de infraestructura y de personal (García, 2007), y f) control externo de la actividad académica mediante la evaluación de pares (Fernández, 2007) y el mercado (Baert y Shipman, 2005). Para los países en desarrollo, la cuestión se agrava debido a la escasa participación del sector privado en la investigación, más allá de pequeños emprendimientos orientados sobre todo a la docencia (Barsky et al., 2004) Para la mayor parte de los académicos en países en desarrollo, el actual contexto en el que se cruzan tendencias globales del capitalismo con las exigencias propias de la vida académica es complejo. ...

Becher, T. (1989) Academic Tribes and Territories. Intellectual Enquiry and the Cultres of Disciplines. The Society for Research into Higher Education
  • Citing Article

... The aim of this article is to investigate how an inter-and transdisciplinary setting in which students develop master theses can contribute to learning about a specific urban problem and what challenges this transdisciplinary education entails. Starting from relevant theoretical and analytical frameworks, such as Mode 2 Science (Nowotny et al. 2005) and the three-phase model of Lang et al. ...

Re-Thinking Science: Mode 2 in Societal Context*)
  • Citing Article

... Централна позиция за теоретичния модел на Гибонс в Модус 2 образованието, заема схващането, е процесът на продуциране на научни знание, като се поставя значим акцент върху контекста на приложението на дадено знание, трансвестиплинарността, флуидната мрежова организация и сътрудничество, както и социалният аспект е значимост на всяко научно знание (Gibbons at al., 1994(Gibbons at al., , 2000Zieman 1994Zieman , 1996Zieman ,2000Hicks&Katz, 1996;Jansen 1995). ...

The Potential of Transdisciplinarity
  • Citing Chapter
  • January 2000