Michael F. Vaezi’s research while affiliated with Vanderbilt University and other places

... This indirectly suggests that antral mill may not be an important factor in promoting GERD. Further, the role of prokinetics in refractory GERD is not backed by evidence [7]. ...

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Surgeons Performing Sleeve Gastrectomy Fret too much about the Antral Mill!

... In this regard, SP can act through neurokinin 1 receptor 80 and vasoactive intestinal peptide through the chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T H 2 cells and VPAC-2. 81 Other molecular mechanisms that induce histamine release from human and animal MCs and basophils include stem cell factor:KIT, platelet-activating factor:platelet-activating factor receptor (in lung and peripheral blood-derived MCs), and Histamine and other preformed mediators of MCs, mainly proteases, are packed in granules through binding to GAGs; these molecules are attached to core protein of serglycin made by repeats of Ser-Gly units. (B) Amounts of histamine required for cell biofunctions are supplied by histamine transport into many cells that express extracellular histamine transport molecules. ...

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Novel Insights on the Biology and Immunological Effects of Histamine: A Road Map for Allergists and Mast Cell Biologists

... Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is defined as a disease of the upper aerodigestive tract resulting from the direct and/or indirect effects of gastroduodenal content reflux, inducing morphological and/or neurological changes in the upper aerodigestive tract [1]. The clinical diagnosis is still challenging according to the non-specific laryngeal and extra-laryngeal symptoms and findings that can be found in many other otolaryngological conditions [2,3]. ...

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Cost burden for healthcare and patients related to the unawareness towards laryngopharyngeal reflux

... The measurement of esophageal acid exposure and the evaluation of the temporal correlation between symptoms and acid reflux events are made possible by wireless esophageal pH monitoring. Patients with rGERD are frequently evaluated using this pH monitoring method [13]. ...

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Current Advances in Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Surgical Interventions for the Management of Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): An Update

... The experimental patients did not undergo hypopharyngealesophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH testing. 29 While it would provide an objective evaluation, it is invasive, expensive, and not easily available to mass numbers of patients in the public healthcare system of Quebec, Canada. Additionally, we did not assess the responsiveness of the Q-Fr-RSI to changes in symptoms over time following treatment. ...

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Validation of the Reflux Symptom Index in French-Speaking Quebec Patients

... 8 We previously reported that interferon response signature genes (ISGs) are upregulated in biopsy tissue from adults and children with EoE. 7 This was recently replicated in a large reanalysis of 137 EoE patient biopsy transcriptomes. 9 In addition, Ding et al identified 60 cell subsets in the esophageal mucosa of patients with EoE, finding that most subsets showed elevated IFN response gene signatures. 10 Here, we utilize complementary datasets to interrogate IFN signaling in EoE. ...

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Interferon-γ Signaling in Eosinophilic Esophagitis Affects Epithelial Barrier Function and Programmed Cell Death

... Notably, approximately 10 % of the difference between vonoprazan and placebo occurred at one dose and 20 % at the second dose, indicating a rapid therapeutic effect [ 14 ]. In a phase 2 study, vonoprazan provided complete and sustained relief of heartburn episodes within three hours in 56 % (10 mg), 60.6 % (20 mg), and 70 % (40 mg) of cases compared to 27.3 % with placebo [ 15 ]. The rapid action of PCABs makes them suitable for on-demand therapy, which is particularly beneficial for patients with NERD who experience episodic heartburn. ...

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: the role of potassium-competitive acid blockers in endoscopy-negative reflux disease

... Heavy physical labor was defined as work in agriculture or heavy industry. The diagnostic criteria for GERD included the following : (1) GERD Q score ≥ 8; (2) diagnosis of reflux esophagitis classified as LA-B or higher based on EGD [12]; and (3) the presence of typical GERD symptoms (such as acid regurgitation and heartburn) requiring continuous use of acid-suppressive medication. The diagnostic criteria for hiatal hernia included the following: measurement of the distance between the squamocolumnar junction and the esophageal hiatus impression being > 2 cm during EGD [13,14], or the presence of longitudinal gastric mucosal folds extending above the diaphragmatic indentation, and the identification of a gastric pouch herniating cranially across the crural impression. ...

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Risk factors associated with hiatal hernia: a retrospective study and two-sample Mendelian randomization

... On July 18, 2024, the FDA approved vonoprazan for heartburn relief associated with NERD. Findings from clinical trials showed that vonoprazan is an effective therapy in alleviating the symptoms of heartburn in patients with NERD, with benefits appearing on the very first day of therapy (Fass et al., 2022;Laine et al., 2024). Additionally, vonoprazan provided rapid and sustained heartburn relief, with a greater number of 24 hr heartburn-free days and a higher percentage of days without daytime or nighttime heartburn, as well as reduced need for rescue antacid use Miwa et al., 2016). ...

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Vonoprazan: A Novel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker in the Management of H. pylori Infection and Acid-Related Disorders

... The testing protocol involves placing the FLIP at the EGJ approximately 2-3 cm from its distal end and incrementally distending the bag with saline to various volumes (usually 40 mL-70 mL) in steps of 10 mL and held at constant volume for approximately 60 seconds [20]. This induces a unique secondary peristaltic contractile response called repetitive antegrade contractions (RACs) in normal motility subjects [23]. Based on the contractile response and the nature of EGJ opening during distension at 60 and 70 mL, patients are diagnosed into different categories as described below. ...

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A Software Framework for the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe—Mechanics (MechView)