Michael Canale’s scientific contributions

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Publications (1)


Theoretical Bases of Communicate Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing
  • Article

March 1980

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232 Reads

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1,990 Citations

Applied Linguistics

Michael Canale

Citations (1)


... Compensation strategies fall within the broader framework of communicative competence, which includes grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competencies, as outlined by Canale and Swain (1980). Grammatical competence involves mastery of lexical items, morphology, syntax, and phonology. ...

Reference:

Compensation Learning Strategies That Malawian Learners Use in Written Comprehension in Malawi
Theoretical Bases of Communicate Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing
  • Citing Article
  • March 1980

Applied Linguistics