March 1980
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232 Reads
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1,990 Citations
Applied Linguistics
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March 1980
·
232 Reads
·
1,990 Citations
Applied Linguistics
... Compensation strategies fall within the broader framework of communicative competence, which includes grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competencies, as outlined by Canale and Swain (1980). Grammatical competence involves mastery of lexical items, morphology, syntax, and phonology. ...
March 1980
Applied Linguistics