Mavluda Irisbekova’s research while affiliated with Tashkent State University of Law and other places

The article is devoted to determining the main parameters of the working body (an implement) of the machine for distributing chemical and mineral materials (sand) ensuring high-quality performance of works. Based on the ranking of forces acting on a sand grain located on the surface of the machine implement and eliminating forces that do not significantly affect its movement, differential equations of a particle motion are obtained. Based on the solution to the differential equation, the following parameters were obtained: the flight range of the grain, the time of movement of the grain on the disk, and the angle of its dumping. In addition, issues related to the requirements for such machines are considered. The methodology developed makes it possible to significantly reduce the time and money spent and the costs of calculating the main parameters and arrange a rational design of the machine for distributing chemical and mineral materials.

The article is dedicated to the selection of the optimal set of machines for sorting and crushing municipal solid waste based on its properties and accumulation rates. Considering the properties of waste and technologies for its collection, a new technological scheme for processing municipal solid waste was developed and, based on this scheme, the optimal set of machines was selected. In addition, the research conducted to determine the fractional composition of the waste made it possible to substantiate the diameter of holes in the drum screen mesh. Based on the analysis of the morphological composition of the waste at the end of the technological chain, the type of crusher design was determined and the main parameters of the hammer crusher were substantiated in connection with the technological processing. The optimal set of machines will make it possible to process the components of municipal solid waste for use in the form of secondary raw materials with the least material and time costs.

A large number of studies are aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of grinding processes of various solid materials, while maintaining the values of other important indicators, such as material consumption, productivity, etc. Based on this trend, a new method for physically modeling the process of grinding municipal solid waste (MSW) was proposed for the first time. Existing physical modeling techniques are designed for homogeneous and isotropic materials (for example, soil, crushed stone, snow, coal, etc.). The strength properties of solid waste vary widely due to the significant heterogeneity of their components. Consequently, when crushing solid waste, traditional crusher designs have low efficiency in terms of energy intensity, material intensity and product quality. The purpose of this work is to develop a new technique for physical modeling of the grinding process, based on the main principles of similarity theory and modeling, considering the properties of waste heterogeneity. As a result of the research, a block diagram of the physical modeling methodology for the interaction of the working bodies of impact crushing machines with solid waste was developed. A list of tasks for the modeling process and similarity criteria have been determined based on the development of rheological models of the “working body - municipal solid waste” system and the laws of mechanics that characterize the waste grinding process. Based on the developed similarity criteria, scale equations for the grinding process are substantiated and formulas are derived for determining the expected parameters of the original based on the parameters measured on the model. The developed methodology makes it possible to create a crusher design with improved energy efficiency indicators with the least material and labor costs.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in the determination and substantiation of the rational values of the main parameters of a hammer crusher designed for grinding organic components of municipal solid waste. A method has been developed for calculating the speed and effort, as well as the maximum elastic-plastic deformation of the components of the waste due to the collision of the waste against each other, against the wall of the working chamber of the crusher, as well as against knives welded on the walls of the working chamber at different heights at an angle of 120 degrees with each other. The aim of the study is to develop a hammer crusher design with low energy and material consumption with increased technical and operational performance. As a result of the experimental studies, the dependences of the crusher performance on the number of revolutions of the rotor shaft, on the light area of the grates, and on the diameter of the rotor were obtained. The processing of the obtained experimental data made it possible to obtain a mathematical model that adequately describes the process of crushing the organic components of the waste in a hammer crusher. Design and production of hammer crushers with rational parameters will reduce energy and material consumption by approximately 1.5-2.0 times compared to traditional designs.