Matthias Lüdeke's research while affiliated with Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and other places

... Temperature extremes are becoming increasingly common in unstable climates [1][2][3]. This is a public health concern [4], but for biota in general, global warming is even more dangerous and unpredictable [5][6][7], especially for polar ecosystems including the Arctic [1,8,9], where climate change is predicted to be stronger than at low latitudes [10]. ...

... As cities become even larger, the scaling impact of the city size on economic, social, and infrastructure indicators will become more crucial. For example, large cities tend to attract more migrants and highly skilled individuals and have higher levels of wealth and innovation but are also prone to more crime, congestion, road accidents, and some diseases (6,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Although the impact of city size in terms of some indicators remains unclear for example, in terms of CO 2 emissions (14-17) and some indicators rely on how cities are defined, urban scaling studies provide a way to quantify the impact of city size on urban indicators (18)(19)(20). ...

... This paper focuses on the following question: to what extent can one observe ruptures in the fabric of industrial societies conducive to such deep sustainability turn? Whereas multi-system dynamics have been gaining increased attention in transitions studies (Rosenbloom, 2020;Markard et al., 2020;, the landscape in which these systems are situated has been scarcely studied to date (see Antadze and McGowan 2017;Weng et al. 2020;Feola 2020, for exceptions). At the same time, empirical evidence on the matter in other fields remains highly fragmented and mixed, often focusing on different parts of the puzzle within particular disciplinary boundaries (Clark and Harley, 2020). ...

... Urban-induced vulnerabilities can be viewed from a contextual lens whereby as climate change impacts may trigger it, it is a part of a broader process of social development and political and institutional change (Mansur et al., 2016). Households residing in informal settlements are disproportionately affected by climate change impacts because of their exposure to hazards by living in unsafe conditions, and lack of hazard-reducing infrastructure and adaptive capacity (Sterzel et al., 2020). While urban areas are not prone to disasters by nature, the socio-economic processes around urbanization increase disaster vulnerability (United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP], 2014). ...

... Ward's method reduces the increase in the total within-cluster sum of squared error, which is proportional to the squared Euclidean distance between cluster centres (Murtagh & Legendre, 2011). We measured dissimilarity using Euclidian distances (Bouguettaya, Yu, Liu, Zhou, & Song, 2015;Walther, Lüdeke, & Gudipudi, 2019). ...

... De otra parte, la deforestación creciente en la Amazonia colombiana altera el equilibrio hídrico (Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales-IDEAM, 2019; Weng et al., 2019), afecta la calidad del agua (Wu et al., 2021) y disminuye el caudal de las fuentes que proveen del líquido vital a los pobladores (Corpoamazonia, 2009;Gobernación del Caquetá, 2020). Por ello, en el territorio del Caquetá se observa una disminución de las corrientes de agua abastecedoras de los acueductos municipales (Gobernación del Caquetá, 2020). ...

... Different conceptual approaches exist to assess dynamic process patterns in a spatially explicit manner. Such an interpretation framework is provided by the syndromes approach, which has been developed in the context of global change research (CasselGintz and Petschel-Held, 2000;Lüdeke et al., 2004;Petschel-Held et al., 1999; Schellnhuber et al., 1997) and is considered an appropriate method for application in dryland science (Reynolds et al., 2011). The aim of the syndromes approach is to conduct a placebased, integrated assessment by describing change processes by archetypical, dynamic, co-evolutionary patterns of human-nature interactions instead of by regional or sectoral analyses. ...

... Quantitative analyses of SMCs are understudied in the sustainability literature. However, some exceptions include benchmarking studies across large and small cities, such as the eco-efficiency study of 88 European cities (from 300,000 to over 1 million inhabitants; Gudipudi et al., 2018), the effect of city size on municipal solid waste generation in 930 cities in Poland (from less than 2000 to over 100,000 inhabitants; Wowrzeczka, 2021), and the carbon intensity variation between Beijing, China (20 million inhabitants) and Issaquah, USA (30,000 inhabitants) by Chen and Chen (2017). To date, the limited coverage of SMCs requires remedying if we are to understand their unique contexts toward dematerialization and decarbonization. ...

... They provide 50% of carbon stored in plant biomass (Abbas et al., 2020) and 32% in the soil (Pan et al., 2011). Furthermore, the interference of water balance through evapotranspiration and moisture recycling are among the major contributions of rainforests (Weng et al., 2018) and, in these ecosystems, vegetation and litter cover controls water erosion. Although the role of biodiversity (in this case forests) in supplying these and other NCPs has been demonstrated, i.e., the interdependence between biodiversity and NCPs, the effectiveness of actions to confront the impacts of current land-use trends is unclear and does not yet guarantee human well-being and the fulfillment of the sustainability agenda (Guerry et al., 2015;Manes et al., 2022). ...

... Some authors claim that larger cities emit fewer GHG emissions than smaller ones [71]. Therefore, the further analysis of urbanisation effects can be more detailed according to the structure of cities and their size in the Baltic States. ...