Matteo Pastorino’s research while affiliated with Università degli Studi di Genova and other places

... With further development, MPI has the potential to provide a non-radioactive, deep-tissue 'magnetic tracer' imaging complement to existing modalities. Besides MPI, MNPs have also been used as contrast agents in MRI and newer modalities such as microwave imaging for cost-effective breast cancer detection [135] or to modulate hyperthermia of deep-seated tumors [136]. However, the working principle here relies on contrast generation within an anatomic image which differs fundamentally from the magnetic 'tracer' principles that is the focus of this chapter. ...

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Roadmap on magnetic nanoparticles in nanomedicine

... As another interesting approach for solving ISPs that has received a lot of attention in the last year, we refer to various deep learning-based methods; see, e.g., [20][21][22][23][24] for an incomplete list of recent works focusing on this direction. Some results for microwave imaging data for medical applications have been reported in [25][26][27]. Numerical results of this approach appear promising, although the mathematical foundation of deep learning is still to be investigated. ...

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Using Alternating Minimization and Convexified Carleman Weighted Objective Functional for a Time-Domain Inverse Scattering Problem

... These issues motivate the use of suitable processing techniques to extract target information from GPR data [7]. Several GPR processing techniques have been developed in the past few decades, and they can be roughly subdivided into two main classes: qualitative approaches (i.e., aimed at obtaining only some information about targets, such as their position, shape, and size) [8][9][10], and quantitative methods (i.e., whose goal is a complete electromagnetic characterization of the targets of interest) [11][12][13]. ...

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Quantitative Inversion of Multiantenna Ground-Penetrating Radar Data with Modeling Error Correction Based on Long Short-Term Memory Cells

... In this work, a microwave imaging approach is proposed for the monitoring of the cooldown process. Indeed, the dielectric properties of powder commonly used in PBF printers, i.e., PA12, have been found to have a nonnegligible dependance upon the temperature when sintered [4]. Consequently, an inverse-scattering approach has been developed for the reconstruction of the distribution of the dielectric properties inside the printing chamber. ...

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A Microwave Imaging Approach for Powder Bed Fusion Printing Monitoring

... Indeed, to monitor the drug release or the temperature increase during HT, the changes must be detectable by external antennas, hence the MW signal variation due to the endpoint (e.g., release of the drug cargo or a given ) must be measurable with existing system [46]. This apparently obvious problem demands for new, focused and oriented design of nanosystems meant to be used for EM-based cancer therapeutics, while requiring preliminary MW signal propagation analysis in differential scenario, as done in [47], and experimental tests in controlled laboratory setting to determine the feasibility of theranostics approach of this kind. ...

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Nanomaterials for Electromagnetic-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics

... For time-domain-induced electromagnetic signals, long short-term memory (LSTM) passes signals step by step via the time series, utilizing gate mechanisms to selectively retain time-domain signal features carrying crucial electrical media information [35,36]. This optimizes feature extraction from time-domain signals, enhancing the neural network model's predictive capability in electromagnetic signal inversion. ...

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TEM Strata Inversion Imaging with IP Effect Based on Enhanced GCN by Extracting Long-Dependency Features

... To address point (a), many techniques have been proposed in the scientific literature to solve the nonlinear inverse scattering problem [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Most of them, due to the high computational cost of solving this problem, are based on two-dimensional (2D) formulations [21][22][23][24]. ...

Reference:

Quantitative Inversion of Multiantenna Ground-Penetrating Radar Data with Modeling Error Correction Based on Long Short-Term Memory Cells

... The measured scattered electrical fields were used to reconstruct two-dimensional images solving the inverse scattering problem. The model detected significant changes in the size of the spinal cord and suggested that further studies on the human neck should be considered in the future to validate the capabilities of similar approaches using the DL model [142]. Similarly, Costanzo. ...

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Applications of Microwaves in Medicine Leveraging Artificial Intelligence: Future Perspectives

... In the real environment, which requires a maximum rate of data processing and transfer, the time complexity of NN-RBF, NN-MLP, and LS-SVM is proportional to the input size and the number of real and complex multiplications and additions. The conventional neural networks and machine learning techniques have been implemented for problems of DoA estimation and fault detection in the linear array antennas [26], [27] and planar array antennas [28]. Moreover, the proposed techniques, [29]- [31], include computational complexity for estimating array factors in DoA estimation problems. ...

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Modeling of the Fault Detection Problem for a 3D Hybrid Antenna Array: Analysis and Evaluation

... However, it must be mentioned that considering that the ground has a finite conductivity, that is, it is not a perfect conductor, the contribution to the electromagnetic fields due to the ground is much more direct and clearer if worked in the frequency domain. Due to the difficulties described before with zero frequency, very few contributions tackle this problem [6]. On the other hand, the study of horizontal cloud-to-cloud lightning channels is difficult to find in the literature, perhaps because their effects at ground level are too small to represent a problem, although this may not be entirely true [7][8][9]. ...

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Electromagnetic Fields from Cloud-to-Cloud Horizontal Lightning Channel on Perfect Conducting Soil: Induced Potentials in Flying Aircraft