Matteo Carmelo Romano’s research while affiliated with Politecnico di Milano and other places

... An example of such a commercially available plant is presented in [14], albeit this uses electricity from renewable sources to power the reactor. Indeed, a recent paper [15] shows that these kinds of production plants are usually oversized when set up to be gridindependent and rely only on renewable energy and batteries, leading to higher capital costs. Moreover, in some operating conditions dependent on the availability of the renewable source, the energy produced could be curtailed up to almost 80%. ...

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Numerical Assessment of a Heavy-Duty (HD) Spark Ignition (SI) Biogas Engine

... Beyond conventional methods, innovative approaches like catalytic gasification [22,23], chemical looping gasification [24][25][26], supercritical water gasification [27][28][29], and microwave-assisted gasification [30,31] are being investigated. Economic viability is also a key focus, with studies comparing production methods for valuable products like methanol [32,33] and exploring solar-assisted techniques for hydrogen and chemical recovery [34]. Furthermore, research is ongoing to optimize the gasification of organic solid waste (D. [35]) and delve deeper into reactor design, including evaluations of supercritical water gasification systems [36] and the integration of new reactors like plasma [37], multistage [38], and water-gas shift units [39][40][41]. ...

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Exploring Insights in Biomass and Waste Gasification via Ensemble Machine Learning Models and Interpretability Techniques

... The major advances in this field this year include addressing technical issues, such as fracture and corrosion of pipelines, 120,121 and evaluating economic and environmental benefits of various CO 2 transportation approaches, such as shipping and pipelining. [122][123][124] The possible future research directions regarding carbon storage include studies on formation damage caused by mineral dissolution and precipitation in a long term, prevention of CO 2 leakage through caprock, well cement, and casing degradation, and rapid mineralization in basalt for effective carbon sequestration. For CO 2 transportation, specifying an appropriate CO 2 purity level is crucial to reduce the risk of corrosion and scaling, while also considering the costs associated with purification and separation. ...

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Annual progress in global carbon capture, utilization, and storage in 2023

... However, the energy loss brought by PTG rises as the increase of hydrogen fraction of the fuel, which affects the system efficiency significantly. Alessandro et al. [38] has proposed a hydrogen-power cogeneration process coupled with SMR, auto thermal reforming (ATR), and gas-steam combined cycle (GSCC), in which hydrogen production efficiency of up to 75.2 % and power generation efficiency of up to 50.9 %. However, the reforming reaction heat demand relies on natural gas combustion, which causes certain carbon emissions. ...

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Storage and regeneration of renewable energy via hydrogen - A novel power system integrating electrified methane reforming and gas-steam combined cycle

... This technology is chosen due to its high level of maturity and retrofitability. However, it should be highlighted that more advanced capture configurations, though currently characterised by a lower technology readiness level, may lead to a better techno-economic performance [11][12][13][14]. ...

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Techno-economic analysis of onboard CO2 capture for ultra-large container ships

... Among the various renewable sources available, hydrogen (H 2 ), with a high energy density of 142 MJ kg −1 and zero carbon footprint, is regarded as a promising green fuel that could address global environmental challenges stemming from the excessive utilization of fossil fuels and resource depletion [9][10][11][12][13]. Unlike the traditional steam methane reforming technique, the production of H 2 fuel from Earth-abundant water through electrolysis (2H 2 O → 2H 2 + O 2 ) is an eminently clean, durable, and efficient method [14][15][16]. Although Pt-based materials are considered the leading electrocatalysts for the HER, their high costs and limited stability hinder their scalability for widespread applications in alkaline electrolyte media [17][18][19][20]. ...

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Enhanced Catalytic Activity of CuO@CuS Core–Shell Structure for Highly Efficient HER Application

... Among the power generation systems, various configuration of Brayton cycles is conventional. Furthermore, the request for the alternative fuels in such energy systems has gained prominence in recent years owing to the increasing demand for sustainable and environmental energy solutions [7]. Among the numerous alternative fuels in the literature, ammonia-methane (NH 3 -CH 4 ) fuel mixtures have appeared as an excellent choice for improving the Brayton systems. ...

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Investigation of a Novel Multigeneration System Driven by an Ammonia-Methane Brayton Cycle with Partial Production and Utilization of Ammonia, Methane, and Hydrogen: Energy and Carbon Footprint Assessments

... Its integration into the well-established distribution infrastructure across numerous countries highlights its vital contribution to modern economies. Among the various products or applications that the methane produced from methanation has are its usage as a fuel in power plants, i.e., gas turbines and steam generators, as a raw material to the preparation of other materials and chemicals, and as a fuel in domestic usages in many cities around the world [29][30][31][32][33][34]. ...

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Kinetic models for the methanation of COx gases to produce methane: A critical analysis

... While the literature highlights the benefits of co-digestion and advances in predictive modeling, significant gaps exist in integrating structural and operational solutions specific to local conditions. In addition, the lack of robust data relating critical variables such as biodigester geometry and operational dynamics limits the replicability and scalability of these solutions [2,5,6]. Most studies focus on optimizing individual parameters, such as hydraulic retention times or carbon-to-nitrogen ratios. ...

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Design Improvements and Best Practices in Small-Scale Biodigesters for Sustainable Biogas Production: A Case Study in the Chillon Valley, Perú

... Fourth, the Cleanker project (clean clinker production by looping process), which aims at demonstrating a calcium-looping capture technology at TRL 7. The project investigates an integrated configuration of the technology which is provided by IKN and tested in the Vernasca cement plant of Buzzi Unicem (Italy). The technology also uses an oxyfuel combustion during the calcination process in order to obtain a pure CO2 stream (Fantini, 2019). Moreover, the project aims at testing different types of raw meals and demonstrating carbon sequestration via mineralization (Fernandez et al., 2019;Yörük et al., 2020;Magli, 2021). ...

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Analyzing current carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) research and pilot projects in the European cement sector