January 2024
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Carica papaya is a perennial, herbaceous plant that is renowned for its wide range of biological functions. Various components of this plant, including seeds, leaves, fruits, peels, roots, and stems, have previously been documented to exhibit nutritional and therapeutic properties. This plant is highly nutritious, containing a wealth of vitamins and natural minerals, while being low in calories. Furthermore, each component of this plant has been utilized for the treatment of various ailments, such as wound healing, antibacterial properties, anthelminthic effects, conventional contraception, and numerous other applications. These findings emerged from the in vitro and in vivo investigations carried out on the extracts derived from various components of C. papaya. By providing an awareness of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer benefits that are attributed to a range of phytochemicals, this topic offers a comprehension of the historical medicinal applications of phytochemicals as well as the contemporary significance of these compounds. Among the enzymes that are responsible for the digestive health benefits that are highlighted, papain and chymopapain are two examples of enzymes that are responsible for some of the benefits. This chapter aims to comprehensively explore the medicinal and nutritional importance of Carica papaya in the context of human health. By understanding the enzymatic composition, antioxidant capacity, and phytochemical profile of papaya, we seek to provide a nuanced understanding of its therapeutic potential. As a result, the fruit’s potential as a holistic health-promoting agent is demonstrated. The purpose of this research is to gain a comprehensive knowledge and usage of the entire spectrum of the medicinal and nutritional potential of Carica papaya, with the end goal of contributing to a more profound assimilation of this tropical jewel into human health and well-being.