Mary Vanderwart’s research while affiliated with The Graduate Center, CUNY and other places

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Publications (3)


Priming by pictures in lexical decision
  • Article

February 1984

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62 Reads

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97 Citations

Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior

Mary Vanderwart

Cross-form priming of words by pictures was compared to within-form priming of words by words in a lexical decision task. For prime—target pairs containing repetitions of a concept or semantically related concepts, pictures provided priming of word targets in magnitudes at least as large as the priming provided by words themselves. Such equivalent priming by surface forms occurred for concrete word targets and for abstract word targets in pairs comprising a variety of semantic associations. Recognition memory for pairs in the lexical decision task revealed both form-dependent and form-independent components in the episodic trace. The results are interpreted as consistent with a single system of semantic representation accessed in common by both surface forms, rather than separate form-specific semantic systems.


A standardized set of 260 pictures

April 1980

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256 Reads

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1,973 Citations

Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory

In this article we present a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures are black-and-white line drawings executed according to a set of rules that provide consistency of pictorial representation. The pictures have been standardized on four variables of central relevance to memory and cognitive processing: name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. The intercorrelations among the four measures were low, suggesting that they are indices of different attributes of the pictures. The concepts were selected to provide exemplars from several widely studied semantic categories. Sources of naming variance, and mean familiarity and complexity of the exemplars, differed significantly across the set of categories investigated. The potential significance of each of the normative variables to a number of semantic and episodic memory tasks is discussed.


A Standardized Set of 260 Pictures: Norms for Name Agreement, Image Agreement, Familiarity, and Visual Complexity
  • Article
  • Publisher preview available

March 1980

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755 Reads

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5,791 Citations

Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory

Presents a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures are black-and-white line drawings executed according to a set of rules that provide consistency of pictorial representation. They have been standardized on 4 variables of central relevance to memory and cognitive processing: name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. The intercorrelations among the 4 measures were low, suggesting that they are indices of different attributes of the pictures. The concepts were selected to provide exemplars from several widely studied semantic categories. Sources of naming variance, and mean familiarity and complexity of the exemplars, differed significantly across the set of categories investigated. The potential significance of each of the normative variables to a number of semantic and episodic memory tasks is discussed. (34 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved).

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Citations (3)


... However, there is no single commonly accepted explanation of visual complexity and there have been several attempts at describing it. Some works base the definition on level of details and intricacies in an image while others refer to the level of difficulty in describing the image as a measure to define visual complexity [33,60]. [54] relates visual complexity to image compression and information theory by using visual clutter along with the amount of information conveyed in the image. ...

Reference:

Multimodal LLM Augmented Reasoning for Interpretable Visual Perception Analysis
A Standardized Set of 260 Pictures: Norms for Name Agreement, Image Agreement, Familiarity, and Visual Complexity

Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory

... 12,42] in the IR community, we investigate whether LLMs are influenced by the priming effect when making relevance judgments across multiple documents simultaneously. The priming effect is a psychological phenomenon where exposure to certain stimuli (such as words, images, or concepts) influences an individual's subsequent behavior, judgments, and decisions unconsciously [16,47,52]. Figure 1 demonstrates an example of the priming effect. ...

Priming by pictures in lexical decision
  • Citing Article
  • February 1984

Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior

... In total, 12 pictures were included in the PNT in this study (see Appendix B). Eight of them were chosen from the picture set originally developed by Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980) and updated by Rossion and Pourtois (2004). It was not feasible to utilize the whole set in the present study due to time restrictions. ...

A standardized set of 260 pictures
  • Citing Article
  • April 1980

Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory