Mary Target’s research while affiliated with Anna Freud Centre and other places

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Publications (22)


Childhood Sexual Abuse and Attachment Insecurity: Associations With Child Psychological Difficulties
  • Article
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March 2019

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582 Reads

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59 Citations

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is considered an important public health concern that can derail the developmental course of children. Given that children rely upon their attachment figures when they experience upsetting events, attachment organization may play a critical role in predicting victims' adaptation to CSA. To date, no studies have delineated the unique and interactive contributions of these two risk factors in the prediction of psychopathology. The aims of this study were to examine attachment in CSA victims and a comparison group and to assess the contributions of each risk factor to child psychological difficulties. Participants included 111 children aged 7-13, of whom 43 were CSA victims. Children completed an attachment interview and reported on their depressive symptoms. Their mothers reported on children's externalizing symptoms, internalizing symptoms, dissociation, and sexualized behavior. Our key findings showed that child victims of CSA were more likely to be classified as having insecure and disorganized attachment. Further, insecure attachment was the primary factor associated with higher self-reported depressive symptoms in all children and that CSA was associated with more parent-reported child externalizing problems, sexualizing problems, and dissociation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

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Citations (16)


... Typically, one's emotions will fluctuate depending on events within their everyday life. This is demonstrated in studies examining how emotions are altered depending upon a person's inclusion or exclusion from social groups [68]. Individuals with NPD have exhibited the ability to consistently and sturdily self-enhance their emotions during moments that were meant to invoke insecurity, causing them to feel positive emotions, such as grandiosity and high self-esteem [67,69]. ...

Reference:

Self-Enhancement and the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: The Convergence of Clinical and Experimental Findings
The Roots of Borderline Personality Disorder in Disorganized Attachment
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... Despite their attempts to avoid traumatic experiences, individuals with a history of trauma still experience a particular need for marked mirroring of these experiences, which involves someone else reflecting back in a marked (i.e., digested and contained) way what is difficult or even impossible for the individual to mentalize. Marked mirroring in this case involves empathic, validating, and normalizing interventions that gradually modulate the traumatic experience of the patient in such a way that they become able to think and feel what they previously were unable to think and feel, leading to mentalized affectivity-the capacity to feel and to simultaneously reflect upon one's feelings [28,29]. ...

Developmental Issues in Normal Adolescence and Adolescent Breakdown
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... For example, interoceptive awareness and sensibility may be influenced by the neurodevelopment of brain regions associated with metacognition, such as the ACC and OFC 26 . Additionally, numerous interoceptive signals appear to primarily develop during infancy 27 and are influenced by oxytocin 28 and early attachment behaviors 29,30 . Therefore, infancy is also an important period for interoceptive development 28,31 . ...

The Social Biofeedback Theory of Affect-Mirroring: The Development of Emotional Self-Awareness and Self-Control in Infancy
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... Therefore, future studies should also be conducted with more stressful samples, especially because the notion of mental representations has shown promise in understanding differential responses to stress (e.g. Fonagy, 2002). ...

The Behavior Geneticist's Challenge to a Psychosocial Model of the Development of Mentalization
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... A társas kapcsolati életben betöltött szerepe és a saját működés mélyebb és tudatosabb megértése révén a mentalizációs kapacitás magasabb szintje a mentális jólléthez kapcsolódik [15], míg alacsonyabb szintje súlyos pszichés zavarokkal hozható összefüggésbe [16]. 1997-ben Fonagy és mtsai [17] a készség minőségének mérhetősége érdekében a mentalizációs működést reflektív funkcióként operacionalizálták. Az érett mentalizációs képesség négy dimenzióját ismerjük. ...

Attachment and Reflective Function: Their Role in Self-Organization
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... The attachment literature highlights the important link between parents' early attachment relationships with caregivers during childhood (according to which they develop specific mental models) and their interactions and attachment relationships with their own children . In this regard, parents' attachment states of mind and capacity for mentalization have been shown to be important predictors of child adjustment (Fonagy et al., 2018). Previous research with heterosexual parents has shown that parents' attachment patterns, representing their adult cognitions and affects rooted in their childhood attachment relationships (Main, 2000), imply certain expectations for their current relationships-including those with their own children. ...

Affect Regulation, Mentalization, and the Development of the Self
  • Citing Book
  • April 2018

... The social biofeedback theory of parental emotional mirroring (henceforth simply 'social biofeedback theory') is the core of a socio-constructivist model of emotional introspection Watson 1996, 1999;Gergely 2002Gergely , 2007Fonagy et al. 2002;Unoka 2008a, 2008b;Gergely, Koós and Watson 2010). It is elaborated within the broader ethological and evolutionary framework characteristic of the contextualistic and systemic orientation of attachment theory; the starting point is therefore the caregiver-child dyad with its bidirectional and reciprocal exchanges, such that each element can both influence and be influenced by the other. ...

The Development of an Understanding of Self and Agency
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... That is, the parent, rather than struggling with the subtleties of creating the conditions for the child's mind to develop, is instead creating and shaping the child's mental landscape. Fonagy 18 following Winnicott, actually referred to this as the "alien self." 18 Instead of the mother containing, metabolizing, and marking the affect and the projections of the child, she swallows them and projects them back into the child. ...

Marked Affect-Mirroring and the Development of Affect-Regulative Use of Pretend Play
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018

... The concept of mentalization also had its origins in psychoanalytic work with people with BPD (see Bateman, 1998;Fonagy, 1989Fonagy, , 1991 and overlaps, in some respects, with the concept of triangular space (Fonagy & Target, 1998). However, mentalization theory also developed in close connection with cognitive theory of mind (Fonagy, 1989) and attachment theory and research (Fonagy, Steele, & Steele, 1991). ...

"Playing with Reality": Developmental Research and a Psychoanalytic Model for the Development of Subjectivity
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2018