Mary Emily Call’s scientific contributions

... Sheltered teachers know that these students are learning a new language at the same time they are learning new concepts, information, and skills and they make adjustments in lesson planning and delivery to facilitate their learning (Kareva and Echevarria, 2013). Krashen (1985) presents a detailed for sheltered English illustrated as: ...

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The effectiveness of using sheltered instruction for Developing EFL Writing skills among preparatory official language school pupils

... One of the major skills that can be significantly developed by MALL is listening. According to Bowen et al. (1985), good listening means being able to detect language orally and globally, split it into speech units, re-group these sounds into meaningful combinations, and grasp the meaning behind them. To connect with mobile technology, many studies provided evidence of the effectiveness of app-based learning in developing students' listening skills. ...

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Examining the Impact of Demographics on Students’ Perceptions of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning

... The benefit of using a standardised test is that a score of 105 on the TOEFL or 6.5 on the IELTS can mostly serve as a recognisable benchmark, promoting the generalizability of the research findings. Furthermore, the content of standardised tests is essentially sort of open to kind of public scrutiny, and their validity is particularly being investigated (Alderson, 1987). Listeners' perception of speech in their L2 when a native speaker speaks of that language is generally affected by their experience with the language; there is a correlation between the quantity of experience with the L2 and speech recognition, particularly in noisy environments (e.g., Florentine et al., 1984) in a definitely major way. ...

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Speech Intelligibility in Noise: The Role of Talker-Listener Accent Similarity and Second Language Experience

... Indian professionals with different levels of work experience use a dynamic combination of industry-specific jargon, cultural sensitivities, and linguistic nuances while communicating in English (Kachru, 1992). Their knowledge and usage of English, their work profile, the industry and/or business they work in, and, more importantly, the ease with which they use the English language have a bearing on their manner and style of communication (Crystal, 2003). ...

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Analyzing the Influence of Social Media Engagement on English Language in Professional Communication Among Indian Professionals with Diverse Work Experience: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Analysis

... anguage appropriately by operationalizing their sociolinguistic competence.Izumi (1996)concludes that for all the challenges in learning and teaching of sociolinguistic competence, it is possible to help students to promote and acquire this competence by raising their awareness in the rules of sociolinguistic use of language as argued byEllis (1991). Omaggio (2001highlights three main reasons why sociolinguistic competence is not often treated as a topic in its own right and as an indispensable aspect of language teaching: a) Language teachers often think that they do not have time for sociocultural teaching due to time constraints in their curriculum. b) Teachers may not have enough confidence i ...

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Teaching and Learning Sociolinguistic Competence: Teachers’ Critical Perceptions

... Much of the literature and research deal in general with English as a Second Language generated in ESL writing classes, which are usually a mixture of students from a wide range of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. (See, for example, Farr & Daniels, 1986;Kroll, 1990;McKay, 1984;Shaughnessy, 1977). ...

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Philosophical Literacy: Dialogue on a Pedagogical Experiment