Martin Váňa's scientific contributions

... Romania harbors the largest brown bear population in Europe (outside European Russia; Kaczensky et al., 2012). While national estimates suggest densities of 7 bears/100 km 2 (Bombieri et al., 2019), some areas in the Eastern and Southern Romanian Carpathians can reach high densities of 12.4 (8.6-16.3) ...

... The BBA lynx population has a high turnover of adult and subadult lynx, similarly to its neighbours -the Western Carpathian and the Alpine lynx populations Duľa et al. 2021;Breitenmoser-Würsten et al. 2007). Specifically, 23% of adults and 44% of subadults vanish every year, especially in the outskirt part of the BBA population's distribution ). ...

... There is a high level human activity in the study area, including forestry, game hunting, tourism and recreational activities (Kutal et al. 2016). Studies have documented lynx and wolf reproduction and only sporadic presence of brown bear (Kutal et al. 2017;Duľa et al. 2021, author's unpublished data). The ungulate community present in the study area includes red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and sporadic occurrence of fallow deer (Dama dama) and mouflon (Ovis musimon). ...

... Al� though single individuals disperse through� out the entire country, lynx reproduction is still restricted to Kampinos National Park and its adjacent forests in central Poland (Fig. 2, SOM F1). The Sudety Mountains, the only other area where lynx have often �een recorded, although without any convincing evidence of reproduction (Flousek et al. 2014, Mikusek et al. 2018, is directly connected with areas permanently inha�ited �y the lynx in the Czech Repu�lic, which have relatively good connectivity with the Carpathian lynx population (Kutal et al. 2017). Studies using telemetry have revealed that lynx have the a�ility to disperse across large distances. ...

... Forest covers the majority of the Beskydy Mts. and is dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies). There is a high level human activity in the study area, including forestry, game hunting, tourism and recreational activities (Kutal et al. 2016). Studies have documented lynx and wolf reproduction and only sporadic presence of brown bear (Kutal et al. 2017;Duľa et al. 2021, author's unpublished data). ...

... Dôležité migračné trasy boli identifikované smerom na severozápad do Moravsko-Szlieských Beskýd a severozápad Čiech (Bojda et al. 2010, Kutal et al. 2012, Kutal & Suchomel 2014a a juhozápad do Bielych a Malých Karpát (Hell & Slamečka 1996). Ďalšia migračná trasa prebiehala cez Žitavskú pahorkatinu smerom na severozápadné Maďarsko, avšak vzhľadom na súčasný stav infraštruktúry je jej funkcia pravdepodobne veľmi obmedzená, alebo prerušená (Hell & Slamečka 1996, Kubala 2014. ...

... Information, Table 1). Fig. 1 a Portugal's location (shaded) in western Europe, b limits of the study area (rectangle) within central-north Portugal, c zoom-in on the study area showing areas of permanent and sporadic wolf presence (adapted from Chapron et al. (2015)) and geographic location of the sampled attacks (circles) None of our predictors presented high collinearity (i.e. VIF ≥ 5) and, consequently, all were included in our model selection procedure. ...

... Among the biogeographic regions, the Palearctic shows the smallest decrease, with an average decline of the monitored populations of 24%, owing to several conservation measures which avoided severe declines (Pereira et al. 2010;Living Planet Index 2022). Indeed, in the last 20 years, this area hosted several species' comeback, thanks to focused management actions and international regulations: reintroduction programs succeeded, such as for the European bison (Bison bonasus), the red deer (Cervus elaphus), the alpine ibex (Capra ibex) (Saether et al. 2002;Pucek et al. 2004;Apollonio et al. 2010) and for some European carnivores (Chapron et al. 2014). When properly planned, reintroductions have thus proven to give positive results (Frey and Walter 1989;Johnson and Cushman 2007;Linnell et al. 2009), especially when applied to keystone or umbrella species (Linnell et al. 2009;Ripple and Beschta 2012). ...

... A grid of 2.7 × 2.7 km was suggested (Laass 1999), which later became a reference grid for other camera-trapping deigns (Weingarth et al. 2012(Weingarth et al. , 2015, although not everywhere. For example, grid of 2.5 × 2.5 km is used in Slovakia (Kubala et al. 2017), 10 × 10 km in Czech Republic (Kutal et al. 2013), and 3 × 3 in Harz, Germany (Middelhoff & Anders 2018). For reliable density estimates, Weingarth et al. (2015) recommend to prolong the period from late summer to early winter and space cameras 2.5-3 km apart in smaller areas (~300 km 2 ) and 5-6 km in larger ones (~750 km 2 ). ...