Mark S. Allen’s research while affiliated with Institute for Social Neuroscience and other places

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Publications (118)


Linking Big Five personality traits to components of diet: A meta-analytic review
  • Article

November 2024

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27 Reads

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Mark S. Allen

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Mandira Mishra

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Sarah M. Tashjian

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Schematic representation of predicted multiple-mediation model
Predicting relationship outcomes from rejection sensitivity in romantic couples: testing actor and partner effects
  • Article
  • Full-text available

August 2024

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51 Reads

Current Psychology

This study sought to test actor and partner effects of rejection sensitivity on romantic relationship outcomes. In total, 200 participants (100 mixed-sex couples; mean age = 36.17 ± 11.11 years) completed questionnaire measures at a single timepoint. After controlling for participant age and relationship duration, results showed that personal rejection sensitivity, but not partner rejection sensitivity, predicted self-report relationship outcomes for both men and women. Higher levels of rejection sensitivity were associated with lower levels of relationship satisfaction and relationship commitment, and higher levels of jealousy and self-silencing behaviour. Rejection sensitivity was unrelated to relationship investment. Multiple mediation models further demonstrated that anxious and avoidant attachment styles mediated associations between rejection sensitivity and relationship outcomes. Analyses of couple similarity in rejection sensitivity showed that couples report worse relationship outcomes when both partners score high on rejection sensitivity. Overall, the study provides evidence that rejection sensitivity has an important role in relationship outcomes among couples. Creating awareness of the role of rejection sensitivity in relationship outcomes might be a useful approach to improving relationship quality.

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Altruism (Still) Does Not Predict Mating Success in the Data: A Response to

Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences

Arnocky et al. (2023) have used new methods to further explore the research of Judd et al. (2022). By transforming the data, recoding the data, and/or deleting some of the data, the authors were able to find some significant effects (at p < .05) among the many effects they are using to consider the costly signaling hypothesis supported. A more detailed exploration of the data indicates that the conclusions reached by Judd et al. (2022) are a much more accurate representation of findings. Across the four main effects in Arnocky et al. (2017), there was an average effect size β = .21. A reanalysis of Judd et al. (2022) shows an average effect size β = .06. There were no significant sex moderation effects across any method of data transformation (failure to replicate). Whether statistical analyses directly align with those of Arnocky et al. is unknown as the authors declined to share their data. Our data are available on the Open Science Framework and I encourage researchers to explore the data further and reach their own conclusions about whether findings have indeed been replicated. Further direct replications and alternative assessment methods are needed to help establish whether altruism has a role in mating success in humans. I conclude by providing a more general discussion regarding the importance of considering effect sizes in replication research.


The Psychology of Erectile Dysfunction

September 2023

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170 Reads

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10 Citations

Current Directions in Psychological Science

Erectile dysfunction is a major chronic condition affecting hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide. This review provides a concise overview of research on the psychological experience of erectile dysfunction. There is evidence that psychological factors such as personality, depression, stress, and cognitive interference (e.g., performance worry, shifts in attentional focus) contribute to erectile problems. There is also evidence that the experience of erectile dysfunction can have negative psychological effects, including feelings of emasculation and humiliation, decreases in self-confidence and feelings of self-worth, feelings of isolation and loneliness, increases in depression, and decreases in subjective well-being. Effects on the affected individuals’ sexual partner include feelings of being unattractive, feelings of rejection, feeling unloved, decreases in self-esteem, and frustration. Psychological interventions (particularly multimodal interventions) show promise for treating erectile dysfunction, but more research is needed to help establish their effectiveness. We present a brief research agenda of critical areas in need of further study. This review should be of interest to the general public and also researchers looking to develop a program of research in sexual health psychology that focuses on the psychological experience of erectile dysfunction.



Face, Construct and Criterion Validity, and Test-Retest Reliability, of the Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire

June 2023

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83 Reads

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3 Citations

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

This research sought to test the face, construct and criterion validity, and test-retest reliability of the Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (ARSQ). In Study 1, participants ( n = 45) completed the ARSQ and questions assessing scale item relevancy, clarity, difficulty, and sensitivity. In Study 2, participants ( n = 513) completed the ARSQ and demographic questions. In Study 3, participants ( n = 244) completed the ARSQ and returned 2 weeks later to complete the ARSQ and measures of depression, anxiety, and self-silencing behavior. Study 1 provided strong support for face validity with all items deemed relevant, clear, easy to answer, and neither distressing nor judgmental. Study 2 provided adequate support for the factor structure of the ARSQ (single-factor model and two-factor model) but suggested modifications could be made to improve scale validity. Study 3 provided further support for an adequate (but not good) factor structure, and evidence for criterion validity established through medium-large effect size correlations with depression, anxiety, and self-silencing behavior. However, the 2-week scale stability appeared poor ( r = .45) in a subsample of participants. Overall, the ARSQ showed sufficient validity to recommend its continued use, but we recommend further tests of scale reliability and potential modifications to increase construct validity.



Parent personality traits and problem behavior in adolescence: The mediating role of adolescent personality

March 2023

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207 Reads

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2 Citations

Introduction Parental personality traits are predicted to influence offspring outcomes through parenting behavior and offspring personality traits. This study explored whether mother and father personality traits relate to offspring behavior problems in mid‐late adolescence Method In total, 3089 Australian adolescents (1576 boys, 1513 girls; Mage = 16.46 ± 0.50 years) and their parents completed questionnaires assessing personality, conduct problems, emotional and social functioning, antisocial and criminal behavior, cigarette smoking and drug use, at a single time‐point. Results After controlling for sociodemographic factors, results showed that problem behaviors in adolescence were most consistently related to mothers' scores on neuroticism and conscientiousness, and fathers' scores on neuroticism. Father personality traits were most important for antisocial and criminal behavior, whereas mother personality traits were most important for social and emotional functioning. Moderation analysis showed that associations between fathers' personality traits and some adolescent outcomes (cigarette smoking and drug use) were stronger for adolescent boys than for adolescent girls. Mediation models further demonstrated that adolescent personality traits mediated associations between parent personality and adolescent outcomes in almost all cases. Indirect effects expressed as a percentage showed that between 1.4% and 33.3% of the variance in the association between parent personality and adolescent outcomes was shared with the corresponding adolescent personality trait. Conclusions Overall, the findings of this study provide evidence that traits inherited (directly or indirectly) from parents might have an important role in shaping problem behavior in adolescence.


Citations (91)


... For example, erectile dysfunction may impact self-esteem and self-esteem may affect erectile dysfunction. 2 Conditions such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis have both physical and emotional aspects. Neurophysiological studies show that, following a stroke, both the ability to perform and the ability to imagine actions are impaired. ...

Reference:

Beyond mental or physical: can critical realism unify medicine’s divided self?
The Psychology of Erectile Dysfunction
  • Citing Article
  • September 2023

Current Directions in Psychological Science

... The mean of the nine scores is used to establish an overall score for rejection sensitivity, with higher scores indicating greater rejection sensitivity. The ARSQ has demonstrated evidence of face, construct, and criterion validity in adult samples (Maiolatesi et al., 2022;Mishra & Allen, 2024). In the current study sample, internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was good at 0.84 and is consistent with that reported in the original scale development study (α = 0.74; Berenson et al., 2009). ...

Face, Construct and Criterion Validity, and Test-Retest Reliability, of the Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

... A growing body of research is exploring the various psychological factors that contribute to a happy and fulfilling romantic relationship. For individuals, rejection sensitivity-the tendency to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection-has been found to predict important relationship outcomes such as relationship satisfaction and commitment, relationship conflict, jealousy, self-silencing behaviour, and intimate partner violence (Gao et al., 2021;Mishra & Allen, 2023). The majority of findings on rejection sensitivity and romantic relationship outcomes to date have been derived often expressed through anger and hostility that, in turn, can elicit actual rejection from a romantic partner (Downey et al., 1998;Pietrzak et al., 2005). ...

Rejection sensitivity and romantic relationships: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Citing Article
  • July 2023

Personality and Individual Differences

... Content validity is the extent to which the questionnaire accurately and adequately represents the specific content domain it is intended to measure. Face validity is the clarity, difficulty, relevance, and sensitivity of a test to its intended audience (Allen et al., 2023). The survey items were written based on Hung and Higgins's Albrahim (2020), Thompson (2020), and other scholars offered some insights into CS in an online learning environment. ...

Face Validity: A Critical but Ignored Component of Scale Construction in Psychological Assessment

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

... Regarding the overall pattern, however, one explanation is that, by informing learners about assessment criteria and illustrating different levels of task performance, the rubrics helped learners to utilize diagnostic cues and follow a meaningful scoring strategy in forming their self-assessments. Given the replication crisis in psychological research (see, e. g., Allen et al., 2023), this conceptual replication is an important building block in strengthening the conclusion that rubrics support self-assessment accuracy (see . Regarding cognitive load, by contrast, our results did not replicate the load-reducing effect of rubrics reported by Krebs et al. (2022). ...

Direct Replication in Psychological Assessment Research

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

... The BEMER group showed improvement in all outcomes despite just over a third (36.36%) having a history of smoking, which is a risk factor for ED [54]. Notably, research indicates that quitting smoking may further improve erection and sexual performance [55]. Over half of the BEMER group reported no physical activity or exercise. ...

Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction: an updated review with a focus on pathophysiology, e-cigarettes, and smoking cessation

Sexual Medicine Reviews

... However, since both countries share a roughly similar western culture, it is unlikely that cultural differences could have had a large effect. A follow-up study by Allen et al. (2023) also recruiting Australian participants, did find that altruistic individuals had a slightly higher mating success. However, the effect size was small. ...

A Prospective and Retrospective 10-Year Study of Altruism and Reproductive Success

Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences

... Since Lochbaum and colleagues' [1] publication reviewing sport psychology and performance meta-analyses, the published meta-analytic output concerned with sport psychology and performance continues to grow. For instance, the relationships between breathing techniques [5], mental toughness [6], and flow [7] with sport performance are recent published meta-analyses. The continued publication of sport psychology and performance meta-analyses illustrates the importance of understanding sport performance via sport psychology constructs and interventions. ...

The influence of breathing techniques on physical sport performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Citing Article
  • November 2022

International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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... Existing research suggests that interviewers often fail to ignore unimportant information. For example, studies have found that interviewers can be biased against a multitude of applicant characteristics, such as gender (e.g., Koch et al., 2015), ethnicity (e.g., Rakić et al., 2011;Triana et al., 2021), weight (e.g., Kutcher & Bragger, 2004), and level of physical attractiveness (e.g., Baker & Allen, 2023;Barrick et al., 2009). Interviewers can learn about potentially biasing applicant characteristics from multiple sources in the selection process, such as by reviewing applicants' resumes (e.g., Derous & Ryan, 2019) and social media profiles (e.g., Van Iddekinge et al., 2016), or by direct observation in the interview itself (e.g., Barrick et al., 2009). ...

Perceptions of candidate strength in job recruitment: Does candidate race moderate the attractiveness bias in White women?
  • Citing Article
  • October 2022

International Journal of Selection and Assessment

... Higher physical/facial attractiveness has been associated with higher mating effort characteristics such as a tendency for unrestricted sociosexual orientation (e.g., openness to short-term relationships) in women (Boothroyd et al., 2008(Boothroyd et al., , 2011 and in men (Lukaszewski et al., 2014;Figueroa et al., 2020), and higher number of sexual partners in both men and women (Rhodes et al., 2005;Lukaszewski et al., 2014;Leslie-Evans et al., 2022). Mating effort refers to the energy that is invested in locating, courting, and sexually interacting with individuals of the preferred sex and age (Lalumière & Quinsey, 1996;Rowe et al., 1997). ...

Dark personality traits and sociosexual dynamics in Australian men and women: Two direct replications of Borráz-León & Rantala (2021)
  • Citing Article
  • October 2022

Personality and Individual Differences