Marius C. Barbu's research while affiliated with Universitatea Transilvania Brasov and other places
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Publications (62)
Light Paulownia seamless-edged glued solid wood panels (SWPs), single-layered and three-layered, were analyzed in this study. Both panel types were calibrated at a thickness of 19 mm, a dimension very often in demand on the SWP market, but produced with other wood species (for example, spruce, pine, larch and fir). The panels were bonded with melam...
The aim of this research is to manufacture lightweight single-layered particleboard made of paulownia plantation wood and to analyse to what extend the panel´s properties are influenced by particle geometry. Panels with a thickness of 16 mm and two levels of density, 300 and 400 kg/m³ were manufactured with urea-formaldehyde adhesive using high-fre...
The aimof this study is to analyze the properties of Paulownia tomentosa x elongata plantation
wood from Serbia, considering the influence of the stem height (0 to 1 m and 4.5 to 6 m above soil
level—height spot) and radial position from the pith to bark (in the core, near the bark, and in
between these zones—cross-section spot). The results show t...
With increasing concerns about the production of sustainable materials, the field of wood-based materials still offers a critical challenge. Indeed, a close dependence on petroleum derivatives is still required, involving high consumption of non-renewable and toxic chemicals in the assembly of wooden parts. Herein, the aim of this research was to e...
The aim of this research is the characterization of physical and mechanical properties of Paulownia sawn wood from three plantation sites in Europe, namely Spain, Bulgaria and Serbia. As a fast-growing wood species, Paulownia has a significant positive forecast for the European markets and a wide range of possible applications that still need to be...
This study examines the influence of density variations in coconut palm wood (Cocos nucifera L.) on bond strength development using three types of adhesives: urea formaldehyde (UF), melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), and polyvinyl-acetate (PVAc). A special testing device called Automated Bonding Evaluation System (ABES) was used to investigate the b...
The aim of this study is to investigate the production of fire-resistant panels made out of bark from spruce (Picea abies), larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and cement. This research included test panels produced from bark, cement, water and cement-bonded recycling material aiming for the target density of 750 kg/m3. The physical (density, dimension sta...
The aim of this study is to investigate the suitability of spruce and larch bark for the production of cement-bonded composites. At the beginning of this research, the curing behaviour of the admixtures was quantified with temperature profiles when testing spruce, larch, pine and poplar bark, to determine the compatibility between the components of...
The effects of using 100% larch bark (Larix decidua Mill) as a raw material for composite boards on the thermophysical properties of this innovative material were investigated in this study.
Panels made of larch bark with 4–11 mm and 10–30 mm particle size, with ground bark oriented parallel and perpendicular to the panel’s plane at densities varyi...
The potential of tree bark, a by-product of the woodworking industry, has been studied for
more than seven decades. Bark, as a sustainable raw material, can replace wood or other resources in numerous applications in construction. In this study, the acoustic properties of bark-based panels were analyzed. The roles of the particle size (4–11 mm and...
To achieve the zero-waste goal as well as sustainability, the use of the raw materials, especially those from nature, and wood in particular, has to be smart, meaning that the resource has to be used to its full potential. Since wood-based industry is associated with high intensity and the generation of a relatively large amount of residues, those...
Tree bark is a by-product of the timber industry available in large amounts, considering that approximately 10% of the volume of a tree stem is bark. Bark is used primarily for low-value applications such as heat generation or as mulch. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one that scrutinises thermal insulation panels made from sp...
Planer shavings (PS) are side-products generated during the processing of solid wood, typically used for heating, packaging, or insulation purposes. PS has been used for decades in particleboard manufacture, particularly in the core layer. The aim of this research is to investigate the use of PS with a length over 4 mm in low-density one-layer part...
Wood extractives have an influence on different material properties. This study deals
with the changes in wood extractives of larch sapwood due to two different low doses of energy irradiations. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) and γ-ray irradiation treatments were done by us�ing two industrial processes. After the different modifications the extrac...
Citation: Barbu, M.C.; Montecuccoli, Z.; Förg, J.; Barbeck, U.; Klímek, P.; Petutschnigg, A.; Tudor, E.M. Abstract: Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the richest by-product (85%) of the beer-brewing industry, that can be upcycled in a plentiful of applications, from animal feed, bioethanol production or for removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The...
The aim of this study is to investigate the formaldehyde content and emissions of bark-based insulation panels bonded with three types of adhesives: urea formaldehyde, melamine urea-formaldehyde, and tannin-based adhesives. These panels were produced at two levels of density—300 and 500 kg/m3—and a thickness of 20 mm, and the influence of the adhes...
Walnut and hazelnut shells are agricultural by-products, available in high quantities during the harvest season. The potential of using these two agricultural residues as raw materials in particleboard production has been evaluated in this study. Different panels with either walnut or hazelnut shells in combination with melamine-urea formaldehyde o...
The aim of this study was to investigate the flammability of ecologically friendly, 100% natural larch and poplar bark-based panels bonded with clay. The clay acted as a fire retardant, and it improved the fire resistance of the boards by 12-15% for the surface and 27-39% for the edge of the testing specimens. The thermal conductivity was also anal...
The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of casein-based adhesives for the bonding of ash (Fraxinus spp.) veneers for the manufacture of biodegradable skis. Different formulations containing casein powder, water, lime, sodium silicate, and various glue amounts were tested for shear strength after water storage, modulus of rupture and...
Wood-particle-based panels are versatile materials, which can be used for packaging, furniture and construction. Their usability ranges from non-load-bearing to load-bearing purposes. Since they are used over long periods of time, it is important to know their behaviour under load over long periods. Three different particle-based panels: Oriented S...
Softwood bark is an important souce of biomass, extractive compounds and value-added products. The comminution of larch (Larix decidua Mill.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) bark planks is examined in this study, to give an overview of how to apply this knowledge for upcycled products made of bark, especially for bark-based...
The objective of this study was to investigate the sound absorption coefficient of bark-based insulation panels made of softwood barks Spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) by means of impedance tube, with a frequency range between 125 and 4000 Hz. The highest efficiency of sound absorption was recorded for spruce bark...
Ecofriendly wood-based materials are required by consumers at present. Decorative panels are part of a large group of wood-composite materials, and their environmental properties must not be neglected. More environmentally friendly decorative panels can be achieved by various methods. This paper describes a method of production from larch bark. Tre...
Increasing demand for wood resulted in competition between different branches of wood-based production. High intensity production, like the production of wood-based panels, is forced to look for other lignocellulosic resources. Bark is a possible source for wood-based panel industry, especially for particleboards. Bark chips were crushed into bark...
Bark is much underutilized material. Most of the bark is used as fuel and for landscaping but there are still significant amounts of unused bark, hence creating a problem when disposed. Due to the aspects like colour, shape/size and ratio, and mechanical properties, bark is not
a desired constituent for particleboard production. One of the possible...
Leather-wood fibreboards are innovative composite materials, which combine together the high mechanical properties of wood with the superior fire behaviour properties of leather. This study deals with the understanding of the combustion mechanism of the wet-white leather panel. During burning, an overlay coating-like surface is formed on top of a f...
The feasibility of manufacturing phosphate bonded wood composite board products from four locally occurring invasive acacia tree species (Acacia cyclops, A. saligna, A. mearnsii and A. longifolia) was studied using a formulated magnesium oxide (MgO) and monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) binder system. The optimization for the manufacturing process w...
Bamboo is a naturally composite material, which abundantly distributes in the tropical regions in the world. Since bamboo is composed of cellulose fibers embedded in a lignin matrix, it is considered as a composite material.Bamboo culms are one kind of the building materials that have been generally used in building applications, such as flooring,...
In this work, the adhesive systems used today in the European industries of particleboard, medium density fibreboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB) are discussed. The structure of particleboard, MDF and OSB markets in Europe in relation to the types of adhesives and product specifications are presented as well. It is noticeable that new mar...
Worldwide more than 50% of the bark amount is used for energy generation. In this research, physico-mechanical and surface properties of flooring tiles coated with thin layers made of larch bark are presented for the first time. Two types of adhesives were involved to bond the bark particles, namely polyurethane and a formaldehyde-free tannin-hexam...
Whilst the majority of bio-based building focuses on wood, the use of nonwood materials
in the built environment is an area of growing importance.
This chapter focus on the background and importance of nonwood bio-based
building materials in the construction market and will review the properties, present
and historic use, and the state-of-the-art...
3D molded veneers have superior properties like high strengths and dynamic stress absorbing properties, low environmental impact and are easy to produce and process. This veneer based product is used especially for sport and transportation devices. In order to keep a slim cross section and to increase the form stability the aim of this research is...
Wood composites are made from various wood or ligno-cellulosic non-wood materials (shape and origin) that are bonded together using either natural bonding or synthetic resin (e.g. thermoplastic or duroplastic polymers), or organic- (e.g. plastics)/inorganic-binder (e.g. cement). This product mix ranges from panel products (e.g., plywood, particlebo...
It would seem that with appropriate treatment almost any agricultural residue may be used as a suitable raw material for the wood-based panels like particle- and fiberboard production. The literature on wood-ligno-cellulose plant composite boards highlights steady interest for the design of new structures and technologies towards products for speci...
The use of wood by-products for other purposes than energy production is becoming increasingly important in these times. The present study is devoted to a new use for larch bark, as a coating for flooring tiles. In this work it was researched if the larch bark can be suitable to replace the cork wear layer for floorings.
For this purpose were produ...
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a mass timber product and is a ‘green building’ solution. CLT origins were in Germany and Austria in the 1990s. CLT has production capacities of approximately 1 Million m³ per year which exist primarily in the Alps region and Scandinavia. After the first installed pilot plants expanded production capacities are predi...
The paper presents a theoretical framework for improved process and business analytics during the innovation phase of forest products. Forest products companies exist in highly competitive markets; product innovation and differentiation advantage are keys to survival. The 'experience curve' from early product development, manufacturing of new produ...
Das Up-cycling vermeintlicher Reststoffe aus industriellen Produktionszyklen bietet einen nachhaltigen Weg der Rohstoffbeschaffung. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit wurden unter Einsatz von Fichtenfasern sowie pflanzlich und mineralisch gegerbten Lederfalzresten (Wet White, Wet Blue) hochverdichtete Faserplatten (HDF) mit unterschiedlichen Lederanteilen herge...
Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants and it is abundantly growing in most of the tropical regions. It is considered as a composite material because its structure is composed of long and aligned cellulose fibers embedded in a lignin matrix. Moreover, the bamboo culm shows a composite type of structure on both of the macroscopic and microscopi...
Due to the ever-increasing scarcity of resources and raw materials in the wood panels industry, it is imperative to look for suitable alternatives to the established resources. Therefore a combination of the traditionally used and newly explored sources may reveal highly innovative ways. The goal of this study is to provide an insight into the beha...
The objective of the study was to compare the properties of oriented strand boards (OSBs) made from the following mixtures: European beech and poplar, beech and pine, poplar and pine and 100% pine (i.e. the conventional raw material for OSB in Europe). Panels with 50-50% of beech-poplar/beech-pine/poplar-pine at two density levels of 650 kg/m3 and...
Physical and mechanical properties of OSB made with mixture of beech and poplar strands were compared to boards made purely of beech, poplar and pine at 650 and 720 kg m-3. The mixed beech and poplar strand boards showed better properties in bending strength and IB compared to pure panels. In addition, MOR and MOE were found to reach values two tim...
This paper discusses the influence of three different content levels of fine strands in the core layers on the physical and mechanical properties of European beech and poplar oriented strand boards (OSB). The results show that increasing the fines content in the core layer from 10 to 50 %, based on total board weight has no significant effect on be...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using European beech and poplar species to manufacture oriented strand boards (OSB). Beech and poplar strands with three different combinations of face/core ratios at densities of 650 and 720 kg/m3 were examined. Poly methylene diphenyl diisocyanate glue at 5 % was used with press conditions...
It would seem that with appropriate treatment almost any agricultural residue may be used as a suitable raw material for the wood-based panels like particle- and fiberboard production. The literature on wood-ligno-cellulose plant composite boards highlights steady interest for the design of new structures and technologies towards products for speci...
Flat pressed wood plastic composites were produced on a laboratory-scale using residues of lightweight foam core particleboards as raw material. Raw material preparation methods (dry blending and compounding with a twin screw extruder) and the wood flour content (WF) loading, as influencing parameters on the panel properties, were varied, and coupl...
In this work two potential new species for forest plantation projects in Northern Brazil were evaluated for their suitability in particleboard production. The main evaluated parameters of the laboratory boards were pH value and buffer capacity of the particles, compaction ratio, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (M...
Spruce bark particles were used as an insulation fill material for the thermal insulation of a timber frame wall which was subjected to a simulated winter temperature difference between indoor and outdoor climate. The temperature profile development of the wall's cross section was modeled using Fourier's transient heat flow theory. It was shown tha...
Bamboo is a rapid growing grass with an impressive variability. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the bamboo culm allow a broad use such as construction material. Bamboo is an excellent source for furniture production too. Bamboo has some positive features like mechanical strength, easy processability and availability in many tr...
Wood composites are made from various wood or ligno-cellulosic non-wood materials (shape and origin) that are bonded together using either natural bonding or synthetic resin (e.g. thermoplastic or duroplastic polymers), or organic- (e.g. plastics)/inorganic-binder (e.g. cement). This product mix ranges from panel products (e.g., plywood, particlebo...
The fast development of the wood-based panels industry during the last decades resulted in a substantially increased production capacity of manufacturing lines. The utilization of advanced manufacturing systems created a large output of different panel types with a production of more than 1,000 m³ per day on at least 300 days within a year. Therefo...
Wood has played a major role throughout human history. Strong and versatile, the earliest humans used wood to make shelters, cook food, construct tools, build boats, and make weapons. Recently, scientists, politicians, and economists have renewed their interest in wood because of its unique properties, aesthetics, availability, abundance, and perha...
The aim of this research was to determine the wettability and adhesive penetration of
important Asian bamboo type, Dendrocalamus asper Backer and Asian coconut palm, Cocos
nucifera. These properties were analyzed in order to prove its suitability to be promoted as
raw material for the manufacture of structural composite products especially plyba...
GLOWACKI R, BARBU MC, VAN WIJCK J & CHAOWANA P. 2012. The use of coconut husk in high pressure laminate production. This research investigated the possibilities of applying coconut husk in fibreboard production. The objective was to reduce the amount of phenol formaldehyde (PF)-resin in highly water resistant fibreboards such as high pressure lamin...
The study was conducted to determine the physical and mechanical properties as follows: modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond, thickness swelling and water absorption of oriented strand lumber (OSL) made from the Asian bamboo Dendrocalamus asper Backer. Thirty-six lab boards were produced from these bamboo strands with two manufa...
Wood-based panels is a general term for a variety of different board
products, which have an impressive range of engineering properties.
While some panel types are relatively new on the market, others have
been developed and successfully introduced more than hundred years ago.
However, even those panel types having a long history of continuous
opti...
to determine the fundamental properties of Dendrocalamus asper and its suitability to be promoted as a raw material for the manufacture of composite lumber. The parameters studied were pH value, buffer capacity and bonding quality of bamboo strands using different adhesives. The pH and acid-buffering capacity, measured at three locations along the...
The former regions of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire hold a tradition of more than 120 years of higher education in forest science, including wood processing. After the Second World War, with the political changes and dissolutions in Central Europe, each country established a Faculty of Forestry, which included the wood processing technologies. Thes...
Citations
... Paulownia, also known as the princess tree, emperor tree, miracle tree or the European balsa [11], has been cultivated on the old continent more extensively in recent decades [12]. Koman and Feher (2020) [13] reported about at least nine sub-species of Paulownia, of which Paulownia tomentosa, Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei (and their hybrids) are most prevalent [14]. It is worth mentioning that short-rotation plantations are not considered forests when the rotation time is less than 20 years [15]. ...
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... Additionally, the results remained about 1% under the casein and with 3.5% considerably below the UF reference. Further, the values generated for particleboards with tannin bonding by Cesprini et al. [19] could be considerably surpassed by up to 60% on average. ...
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... Paulownia, also known as the princess tree, emperor tree, miracle tree or the European balsa [11], has been cultivated on the old continent more extensively in recent decades [12]. Koman and Feher (2020) [13] reported about at least nine sub-species of Paulownia, of which Paulownia tomentosa, Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei (and their hybrids) are most prevalent [14]. ...
... To prevent this failure mode, recent techniques, such as densification, substrate toughening, and physical modifications of the adhesive have been proposed [10,11]. Additionally, working with wood substrates can present challenges in terms of mechanical characterization and consistency [12,13], due to wood being a complex and heterogeneous material, with properties that can vary depending on factors such as species, growth conditions, grain slope and size, defects, knots, shakes (cracks and notches of the wood), and age. This can make it difficult to develop standardized testing protocols to ensure a consistent performance in different applications [14,15]. ...
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... "Wood & bark fire retardants," BioResources 18(4), 7681-7699. 7690 retardancy (Pacher et al. 2022). Tree bark contains the phenolic compounds that provide fire-retardant properties to such composites, together with the protective role of bark as fire-stopping, is found in many species (Bauer et al. 2010). ...
... Flame-retardant additives have been extensively investigated for construction materials [10,11] as substances that impede the fire propagation in a material [12]. The adjoining of clay [13] and cement [14,15] in lignocellulosic composites can contribute to the fireproof properties due to the effects of reducing heat transfer and catalyzing the char development from cellulose due to the metal ions included in the chemical composition of these materials [5]. Cement bound wood-wool panels have been on the construction market since the beginning of 20th century [16]. ...
... Creating a less expensive method for measuring HRR would greatly facilitate research in the mentioned areas. Selected areas of wood science, where fire characteristics are only of secondary importance, are described, e.g., in [26,27]. The burning products must be desiccated (moisture free) before entering the combustion product analyzer. ...
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... Thus, both environmental and economic benefits are achieved (Maloney 1993;Yazici 2020;Cai et al. 2004). In recent years, research has been conducted on the utilization of straw (Grigoriou 2000), stalks (Taha et al. 2018), bran (Mendes et al. 2014), nutshells (Pirayesh et al. 2013), sunflower husks (Lenormand et al. 2017), leaves (Shi et al. 2006), grass (Nemli et al. 2009), palm residues (Loh et al. 2011), peanut hull (Guler et al. 2008) and tree barks (Tudor et al. 2021) for panel board production. ...
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... This became apparent in the specific evaluation selected by the lean curd blends "LC1" and "LC2" in the present investigation. The relations between density to MC, IB, MOR, MOE, and C revealed a high, positive correlation (R > 0.5 to 0.7), to WA and TS a medium to low, negative correlation (R < −0.3 to −0.5), corresponding to relevant literature, e.g., Gößwald et al. [47]. ...
... Over one century ago, particleboard panels in the United States and Germany began to be made with the initial purpose of utilizing wood residues and by-products [1]. Furthermore, the advantages of particleboard, such as its biodegradability and mechanical properties, low cost, and flexibility in dimensions, led to the development of particleboard [2]. ...
