Manuel Oliva-Cruz's research while affiliated with Universidad Nacional Toribio Rordríguez De Mendoza and other places
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Publications (24)
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are used in a variety of applications with the aim of mapping detailed surfaces from the air. Despite the high level of map automation achieved today, there are still challenges in the accuracy of georeferencing that can limit both the speed and the efficiency in mapping urban areas. However, the integration of topog...
Peru is one of the world’s leading exporters of cocoa beans, which directly impacts the household economy of millions of small farmers. Currently, the expansion and modernization of the cocoa-growing area require the zoning of the territory with suitable biophysical and infrastructural conditions to facilitate optimizing productivity factors. There...
Land degradation is a permanent global threat that requires an interdisciplinary approach to addressing solutions in a given territory. This study, therefore, analyses environmentally sensitive areas to land degradation using the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) method through a multi-crit...
Cocoa cultivation is of considerable economic and social importance to the Amazonas region and is commonly associated with forest species in the region. However, the diversification level and composition of cacao agroforestry systems in Peru are poorly understood. The objective of this study is, therefore, to describe the diversity of tree species...
Due to the growing demand for healthy food products, the industry is seeking to incorporate inputs with high nutritional potential to traditional products. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of incorporating Lepidium meyenii, Chenopodium pallidicaule, Amaranthus caudatus, Sesamum indicum and Salvia hispanica flours on the phy...
Lakes are water bodies that play an essential role as water sources for humanity, as they provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate Lake Pomacochas, a high Andean lake in the north of Peru. A variety of parameters were studied, including physicochemical parameters such as temperature (T°C), dissolved oxygen...
One way to mitigate climate change is by reducing atmospheric CO2 levels with the establishment of agroforestry systems (AFSs) that can capture and store atmospheric CO2. This study therefore estimated the carbon sequestration in two components, aboveground (cocoa trees, other tree species, and leaf litter) and soil, in 15 fine aroma cocoa AFSs in...
p>El crecimiento poblacional ha generado escasez del recurso energético, conllevando al agotamiento de los hidrocarburos, por ello se viene implementando los sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red (SFCR) como alternativa ante la crisis energética y como fuente de energía limpia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar energéticamente, e...
p>La energía del sol es la más abundante, sostenible, renovable y libre de costo. Las celdas solares fotovoltaicas convierten la luz del sol directamente en electricidad por efecto fotoeléctrico. Para captar la radiación solar se utilizan paneles solares, estos pueden ser fijos o acoplados sobre seguidores solares, teniendo en cuenta que la potenci...
The IUCN has listed the long-whiskered owlet (Xenoglaux loweryi) as vulnerable due to the presence of few geographic records, its restricted range, and anthropogenic threats. Its natural history and ecology are largely unknown, and its distribution is widely debated; therefore, there is an urgent need for the real-time conservation of X. loweryi. I...
The northeastern region of Peru is one of the centers of origin of cocoa due to the great diversity of this cultivar. The objective of this study is, therefore, to search for different genetic groups of 146 ecotypes of fine-aroma native cacao from the northeastern region of Peru, based on the morphological descriptors of pods, seeds, sensory, yield...
Frosty pod rot disease of cacao (FPR), caused by the fungus Moniliophthora roreri, has severely impacted the production of cocoa in Latin America since its discovery. Prior to the 1950s, FPR was known only from Colombia and Ecuador. However, beginning in the 1970s, its geographical range has dramatically expanded throughout most of the chocolate‐pr...
Peru is one of the main producers of fine aroma native cacao, expanding its areas considerably in recent years, which makes it necessary to seek adequate management alternatives to obtain advantageous yields. The present work had the objective of testing the influence of Trichoderma sp. endophytic strains on the agronomic characteristics of ecotype...
In Peru, grasslands monitoring is essential to support public policies related to the identification, recovery and management of livestock systems. In this study, therefore, we evaluated the spatial dynamics of grasslands in Pomacochas and Ventilla micro-watersheds (Amazonas, NW Peru). To do this, we used Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images and vegetation in...
p>El cacao nativo fino de aroma tiene mayor demanda por sus propiedades organolépticas y fisicoquímicas que aseguran su calidad. El presente estudio realizó la comparación de prototipos innovadores para el secado de Theobroma cacao L, mediante secadores solares por convección forzada, convección natural y tipo túnel en la Cooperativa APROCAM, ubica...
Esta investigación se realizó en el fundo “El Codo”, el distrito de Pajarillo, provincia de Mariscal Cáceres, en el Departamento de San Martín. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de nanoburbujas en un sistema de fertirrigación para la productividad del cacao clon CCN-51, con el fin de optimizar absorción de los nutrientes en el cultivo de cacao....
El cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) se cultiva en múltiples condiciones edáficas, fisiográficas y climáticas; y su zonificación adquiere importancia para la región Amazonas. Sin embargo, actualmente existe gran preocupación en la cadena comercial debido a la presencia de cadmio (Cd) en los productos derivados de cacao y en los suelos donde se cultiva. P...
Meteorological observations play a major role in land management; thus, it is vital to properly plan the monitoring network of weather stations (WS). This study, therefore, selected ‘highly suitable’ sites with the objective of replanning the WS network in Amazonas, NW Peru. A set of 11 selection criteria for WS sites were identified and mapped in...
Las Áreas de Conservación Privada (ACP) son uno de los mecanismos de conservación, gestionadas por ciudadanos privados que más protagonismo han adquirido en los escenarios de conservación local en los últimos años. En este estudio evaluamos la efectividad de cuatro ACP gestionadas por comunidades locales (CC). Se aplicó el Índice de Efectividad Com...
Montology, the transdisciplinary science of mountains, applied to
education incorporates several pedagogical approaches that could
be used to energize the transformative change from sustainable to
regenerative development from different perspectives. We include
pedagogies with learning outcomes that apply 9 different
educational methodologies, and...
The phenotypic characterization of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plays an important role in the generation of information for the conservation of cacao germplasm. The objective of this study is to characterize phenotypically 146 ecotypes of fine-aroma native cacao (FFNC) from northeastern Peru that were collected from 280 to 1265 metres above sea leve...
Cocoa beans are the raw material for the chocolate industry. In this study, the total fat contents and fatty acid profiles of fine-aroma cocoa beans of 30 cocoa ecotypes from northeastern Peru were evaluated. Results showed that SJJ-1 and ACJ-11 ecotypes from San Martin and Amazonas regions, respectively, presented highest percentages of total fat...
Mass capture is a technique widely considered in the control of the coffee plague of greater economic importance in the world. This work was carried out in the province of Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas region, Peru, with the objective of analyzing the effect of artisanal traps of different colors and attractive alcoholics in the capture of adults...
Citations
... Salas López et al. [18] analyzed the accuracy in positioning of the direct georeferencing approach together with the use of GCPs: they evaluated the repeatability and reproducibility of Digital Surface Model and ortho-mosaic photogrammetric products of a commercial multi-rotor system equipped with a GNSS receiver in urban environments. The authors conducted a test on an urban area of the Chachapoyas city (Peru) using a DJI Phantom 4 RTK UAS and acquiring 10 GCPs and 4 Validation Points with a Trimble R10 GNSS receiver worked in PPK (Post-Processing Kinematic) mode. ...
... In his last work, Ricardo concludes that international trade is mutually beneficial for the participating nations. Michael Porter, one of the main specialists in competitiveness, presents his theory in the book Competitive Strategy, where he states that the efficient use of a company's resources determines the competitiveness of an economy [16][17][18][19]. ...
... This indicator-based approach also includes the well-known environmentally sensitive area (ESA) methodology providing a comprehensive assessment of land vulnerability to degradation [48][49][50][51][52]. The Mediterranean Basin was the first area of its extensive application, and many studies demonstrate the reliability of this procedure when evaluating land vulnerability to degradation, since it considers multiple indicators related to four components: climate, soil, vegetation, and land management [53][54][55]. Research in the literature focused on multiple snapshots of the current conditions of land systems classified in terms of land vulnerability [56][57][58]. ...
... The climate is characterized by a humid tropical climate with average annual temperature and precipitation between 14.3-17°C and 682-1092 mm, respectively, and a relative humidity of 87% [48]. There are two distinct seasons during the year, the dry season from May to October and the wet season from November to April [49,50]. The physiography is characterized by high mountains with steep to extremely steep slopes [51]. ...
... poorly suitable habitat (0.05-0.33), moderately suitable habitat (0.33-0.67), and highly suitable habitat (0.67-1). Various studies have different approaches in determining "highly suitable habitat" classification, where some are too strict (0.8-1) [82] and others are more accepting (0.6-1) [83][84][85]. Therefore, we decided to use a classification that would meet the requirements in the middle. ...
... El cacao Theobroma cacao L. es un árbol de la familia Malvaceae, nativo de las regiones tropicales húmedas centrales y septentrionales de América del Sur; el cultivo de cacao es originario de la región de la Amazonía, cuya planta puede alcanzar alturas de hasta 10 m, frutos que miden entre 15 y 25 cm, que contienen de 30 a 40 semillas (Julca-Otiniano et al., 2021). Es un recurso de gran importancia económica a nivel mundial; prospera en ambientes tropicales que son la principal materia prima para la fabricación de chocolate, además que sus granos contienen polifenoles y antioxidantes saludables (Dzandu et al., 2021;Oliva-Cruz et al., 2022). Se puede denominar "cacao nativo" a las poblaciones de plantas y a los frutos de cacao que se encuentran en condiciones in situ, en estado domesticado o silvestre y cuyo proceso de mejora se realiza en el ámbito de los conocimientos tradicionales; está caracterizado por su sabor y fino aroma pronunciado de sus granos (INIA, 2019). ...
... Lake Pomacochas is one of the largest high Andean lakes in the Amazon region, located in a developing area of agriculture, fish farming, and tourism, which are the primary sources of local economic income (Barboza-Castillo et al., 2014). However, in recent years, these activities have increased with more intensive use of natural resources and have caused the progressive deterioration of the water body (Matthews-Bird et al., 2017;Marin et al., 2022). Consequently, a moderate trophic state and an advanced state of eutrophy caused by agricultural and livestock waste in the area are reported (Chávez et al., 2016;Rascón et al., 2021). ...
... Cd concentrations in the soils of the Peruvian Amazon show up to 3.54 mg/kg, with an average of 1.56 mg/kg. In addition, 39% of the territory is above the tolerable limit for Cd in agricultural soil (≥1.4 mg/kg), as indicated by Rojas et al. (2021) [5]. ...
... Classified as a humid highland climate (Cfb) according to the Köppen climate classification, at 2,400 m the city of Chachapoyas is the only montane station with >50 years of data, although coverage has been incomplete. Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas is developing an improved network of weather stations (Rojas Briceño et al., 2021). ...
... PPAs have started to attract scholarly attention around the globe as an effective complementary way to support and expand networks of government-run PAs (Bingham et al., 2021;Fitzsimons & Wescott, 2001;Gallo et al., 2009;Ivanova & Cook, 2020). PPAs represent an opportunity for democratizing conservation through the participation of the wider set of stakeholders and rightsholders willing to participate in nature conservation, particularly of local communities (Delgado et al., 2021). However, the term 'private' has not resonated to date with the idea of local communities; rather it has tended to be associated with millionaires and enterprises buying land for conservation (Holmes, 2014). ...