Mansour Bayrami’s research while affiliated with University of Tabriz and other places

Background. Problematic internet use is one of the emerging issues in modern societies, and psychological factors play a prominent role in its etiology. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between attention deficit, impulsivity, and emotional regulation deficits with problematic internet use due to the feeling of loneliness. Methods. The multi-stage cluster method was adopted to select 450 students from the middle schools in Tabriz in the 2022-2023 academic year. Subjects were assessed by the questionnaires of Achenbach's behavioral signs, Barth's impulsivity, Gratz's and Roemer's emotion regulation deficits, Russell's feeling of loneliness and the problematic Internet use by Lopez-Fernandez et al. Results. The data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that the effects of attention deficit, impulsivity, and emotional regulation deficits on the problematic internet use were mediated by the feeling of loneliness. In addition, the findings revealed that attention deficit, impulsivity, emotion regulation deficit, and loneliness had a positive significant relationship with problematic internet use (P<0.05). The effects of attention deficit, impulsivity, and emotion regulation deficit on loneliness were also significant (P<0.05). Conclusion. In sum, the attention deficit, impulsivity, and emotional regulation deficits may have predicted the problematic internet use caused by feeling of loneliness. Practical Implications. These findings may have had practical implications for clinical settings, which were discussed in detail.

Background: Research on post-disaster mental health shows that people have unique resources to undergo positive changes like posttraumatic growth (PTG) after facing adversities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and PTG in COVID-19 survivors, with a focus on exploring the mediating role of coping strategies. Through examining these dynamics, the study seeks to contribute to deeper understanding of the psychological processes underlying growth in individuals recovering from the pandemic. Method: A total of 210 participants were enrolled from the hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, in January 2021, and completed self-report questionnaires. PTG, attachment styles, and coping strategies were assessed using Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to assess the mediation models. Results: The direct effects of secure (β = 0.22, p < .001), and ambivalent-anxious attachment (β = −0.22, p < .001) on PTG were significant. Also, task-oriented coping significantly predicted PTG (β = .60, p < .001). The direct path from secure (β = 0.16, p < .05) and ambivalent-anxious attachment (β = −0.38, p < .001) to task-oriented coping was significant, as was direct impact of secure (β = −0.18, p < .01) and ambivalent-anxious attachment (β = 0.37, p < .001) to emotion-oriented coping. The association between secure attachment and PTG is significantly mediated by task-oriented coping (β = 0.1, (95% CI: 0.01-0.18)). Also, task-oriented coping was a significant negative mediator between ambivalent-anxious attachment and PTG (β = −0.24, (95% CI: −0.33-−0.15)). Conclusions: Results support the mediating role of coping strategies in the relationship between attachment styles and PTG. It emphasizes the importance of interventions for improving coping resources in individuals with life-threatening illnesses, focusing on improving problem-focused coping and reducing maladaptive strategies.

The aim of the present study was to compare the executive functions of children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), with an emphasis on response inhibition, organization, and decision-making/ planning, to those of healthy peers. This study was descriptive and causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all children with DMDD and normal children in Tabriz, aged 8 to 12 years. In cooperation with a psychological clinic, after screening by clinical diagnostic interview based on DSM-5 criteria, 30 children with DMDD were selected using convenience sampling. A group of 30 normal children was randomly selected and matched with the patient group in terms of age and gender. Data were obtained using the Coolidge neuropsychological and personality scale, a parent-as-respondent assessment tool. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the data, and the results showed significant differences between the two groups in all three components of executive function. In other words, children with DMDD exhibited more problems related to executive functions in the areas of response inhibition, organization, and decision-making/planning compared to normal children. The findings of the present study have significant research and clinical implications regarding the impact of DMDD on the destruction of executive functions and underscore the need for therapeutic interventions targeting executive function deficits in this population.

Background: This study aimed to compare the level of mental disorders among families of ISIS captives residing in Sulaymaniyah with the native population in 2023. Methods: In the present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, a total of 383 ISIS captives by census aged 18-60 years were selected, along with an equal number of matched native individuals from Sulaymaniyah in terms of demographic characteristics. The data collection tool was the SCL-90 questionnaire. The 90-R-SCL interview and test were used to assess the level of symptoms related to mental disorders. Results: The results showed statistically significant differences between ISIS captives and the native population in terms of the total psychological disorder mean score (2.54±0.30 vs. 1.52±0.16; P<0.001), Global Severity Index (GSI) (253.40±32.82 vs. 137.03±14.74; P<0.001) and the mean scores of the dimensions of psychological disorder including: physical complaint (2.52±0.45 vs. 1.67±0.54; P<0.001), obsessive compulsive disorder (2.51±0.43 vs. 1.50±0.44; P<0.001), disorder in interpersonal relationships (2.55±0.44 vs. 19.10±0.29; P<0.001), depressive disorder (2.60±0.41 vs. 1.60±0.55; P<0.001), anxiety disorder (2.50±0.41 vs. 12.10±0.29; P<0.001), aggression disorder (2.55±0.49 vs. 19.10±0.40; P<0.001), morbid fear disorder (2.55±0.45 vs. 1.48±0.45; P<0.001), paranoid ideation disorder (2.49±0.55 vs. 1.39±0.40; P<0.001), and psychotic disorder (2.47±0.43 vs. 1.52±0.57; P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that ISIS captives suffer from multiple psychological disorders, and the presence of more severe mental disorders among this population necessitates comprehensive psychiatric and psychological services for them.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the structural relationships between temperament dimensions of personality and psychological symptoms of somatic symptom disorder with the mediation of emotional dysregulation. Methods and Materials: For this purpose, 380 students from the University of Tabriz were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling during the academic year 2021-2022. The variables were measured using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Somatic Complaint Questionnaire, the short form of the Symptom Checklist, and Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Findings: Data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence negatively and significantly explain the variations in psychological symptoms. Harm avoidance and emotional dysregulation positively and significantly explain the variations in psychological symptoms. Reward dependence and persistence negatively and significantly explain the variations in emotional dysregulation. Novelty seeking and reward dependence negatively, and harm avoidance positively, can explain the variations in psychological symptoms through emotional dysregulation. Conclusion: The three temperament variables—novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence—could explain the changes in somatic symptoms through the mediation of emotional dysregulation. These findings indicate that somatic symptom disorder is influenced by personality factors and that inefficiency in emotion regulation exacerbates this disorder. Additionally, these findings suggest that emotional dysregulation is a significant variable in the relationship between temperament dimensions and somatic symptoms.

Background: Inspecting the first-year students' mental health reveals that most of them cannot adapt emotionally, and they experience mental health problems comprising irrational beliefs, emotional, motivational, communication, and social issues and learning, along with a significant failure in academic performance. Nonetheless, none of the interventions has been based on the lived experience of the students who have the most problems adapting to the university. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the educational program based on the comprehensive model of the lived experience of adjustment (CMLEA) on the academic, psychological and social well-being of maladjusted first-year students. Methods: The present research was conducted with a quasi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The sample consisted of 40 freshmen who scored lower than the average in the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (Baker & Siryk, 1986). The convenience sampling method was used to select the students. Then they were assigned to two experimental and control groups. In the present research, academic well-being (Tuominen-Soini et al., 2012), social well-being (Keyes, 1998), and psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) scales were used. After the pre-test, the experimental group received 18 one-hour sessions of university adaptation training. After two months, a follow-up study was done. The data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance method. Results: The results revealed that the intervention program significantly impacted students' academic, psychological and social well-being (P

Aim: According to the research, many students consider the first year of university as one of the challenging and stressful periods of life and they can't properly adjust to it. The goal of this research was to study the lived experiences of students with low adjustment in the first year of university to determine problems and challenges of adjustment to university. Method: The research method was qualitative phenomenological. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi's 7-step method. The study's population was the Bachelor's students with low adjustment in Bandar Abbas Islamic Azad University, in the 1399-1400 academic year. The Purposeful sampling method was conducted on 18 students with low adjustment until reaching data saturation. Results: Qualitative phenomenological analysis led to the extraction of seven main themes and thirty-three sub-themes. Social and communication problems, emotional problems, irrational beliefs, learning problems, motivational problems, family and university environment problems were determined as the main themes. Conclusion: The results indicated that maladjusted students experience numerous intrapersonal and environmental problems in adjusting to university. However, the intrapersonal factors' share was higher than environmental factors. Thus, due to the multi-dimensional nature of students' problems, it is essential to conduct multilateral interventions to increase students' adjustment to university.

Background: Research has shown that the Emotion Styles Questionnaire (Kesebir, Gasiorowska, Goldman, Hirshberg & Davidson, 2019) is based on new neurological studies of emotions in clinical and research situations. As regards that emotional function, which is one of the indicators of health and disorder, is influenced by socio-cultural structures, however, there is a research gap in the field of objectification and validation of this tool in Iranian culture. Aims: The present research was conducted by the aim of investigate the psychometric properties of the Emotional Styles Questionnaire (ESQ). Methods: The design of the current study is descriptive and correlational, in which descriptive indicators, reliability coefficients, validity and factor analysis were used to estimate the psychometric properties of the Emotional Styles Questionnaire. In this way, 357 people from Tabriz University students were randomly selected and answered the Emotional Styles Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Data analysis using CFA method showed that the six-factor model has a better fit and Cronbach's alpha coefficients also showed that the six extracted factors have a good reliability coefficient between 0.62 to 0.68. Conclusion: Based on this, it can be concluded that this questionnaire is a suitable tool for measuring emotional styles and can be used as a valid tool in research and clinical situations.

Background: Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field whose methodology is less developed in the form of books or independent articles and there are many problems in its methodological field. Aims: The aim of this research was to study the methodological content and statistical analysis of articles related to cognitive sciences. Methods: The articles were examined by content analysis method. The study population is all the articles related to the field of cognitive sciences that have been indexed in the ranking website of scientific journals in 2016 and the sampling method is purposeful. In order to classify the techniques and methods adopted from content analysis, a square matrix related to these techniques was provided to 7 experts in the field of cognitive science methodology and they were asked to rate their views on the similarity of each of these techniques and methods on a scale of 100 points. The mean score obtained from these matrices was entered into R software as similarity matrix with the aim of discovering clusters, The Fruchterman-Ringold algorithm was used to visualize the relationship between the different techniques. Results: Content analysis of articles and inclusion of related keywords in the coding sheet led to a list of statistical methods. The graph obtained from the network of conections between statistical techniques and methods with significant distances was drawn (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Close-up techniques in the resulting graph were examined in detail and finally the methods used to analyze cognitive data in 17 clusters were introduced, the main purpose of the techniques used in each cluster was determined and research on how to select these techniques was suggested.