Małgorzata Kostrzewska’s research while affiliated with Gdansk University of Technology and other places

This book contains all project results of the Erasmus+ project “New mindset for high-quality European Baukultur: bridging digital and craft”, in short BuildDigiCraft. The project was realized between 2019-2022 as an Erasmus+ strategic partnership between eight universities from the Baltic Sea Region. BuildDigiCraft explores the interrelation of the new digital tools, the traditional building craft techniques, the current design practice and the values behind the process of shaping the built environment. Its main research question is: “How do we shape the future built environment in a world of growing digitalization and professional specialization?” The book contains the following chapters: 1. Introduction; 2. Chapters: 2.1. Training program; 2.2. Glossary; 2.3. Process; 2.4. Knowledge; 2.5. Material; 3. Manifesto; 4. Catalog of Video Lectures; 5. Full List of Participants

Rozwój gospodarczy i suburbanizacja polskich miast zwiększyły aktywność mieszkańców w zakresie przemieszczania się za pomocą auta w obszarze zurbanizowanym. W związku z tym zasady transportu i zagospodarowania terenu w polskich miastach są zorientowane na wygodę osób zmotoryzowanych. W sferze mobilności miejskiej dominuje więc w Polsce schemat poruszania się autem osobowym, dlatego inne formy mobilności, jak: chodzenie, przemieszczanie się na urządzeniach transportu osobistego (UTO), jazda na rowerze czy transport publiczny wymagają zrównoważenia. Sposób kształtowania infrastruktury komunikacyjnej powinien zatem uwzględniać potrzebę poszukiwania alternatywy dla automobilności w celu dywersyfikacji i zrównoważenia form mobilności miejskiej. Implikuje to tworzenie modelu mobilności, który będzie promował integrację ruchu pieszego, rowerowego, za pomocą UTO, samochodowego i transportu zbiorowego w mieście. Nie wiadomo jeszcze, jakie miejsce w strukturze mobilności miejskiej mogą zająć urządzenia transportu osobistego, dlatego potrzebna jest eksploracja społecznych i przestrzennych wyznaczników korzystania z nich w mieście. Jest to istotne dlatego, że UTO oferują nowy sposób odkrywania i wytwarzania wartości przestrzennej miasta. Artykuł przedstawia teoretyczne i metodologiczne założenia, etapy i efekty projektu badawczego – hybrydowa mobilność miejska (HMM). W ramach projektu w wybranych miastach zostały przeprowadzone pilotażowe badania etnograficzne dotyczące możliwości zastosowania HMM. Uzupełniło je badanie kwestionariuszowe na temat korzystania z hulajnogi jako środka transportu osobistego w mieście. Propozycja HMM zachęca do korzystania z hulajnogi i transportu zbiorowego w celu ich wzajemnego uzupełniania się i przenikania w ramach koncepcji miasta małych odległości.

The characteristic feature of a contemporary city is its inconvenience and oppressiveness caused by the hitherto dominant paradigm of urban planning based on car mobility. As a result, the inhabitants have to cope with air pollution, noise, spatial barriers, sedentary lifestyle and other factors which worsen their health and quality of life. Ecological and physically activating urban mobility thus plays an increasingly important role in the process of creating a friendly and healthy city. For many years, a steadily increasing share of bicycles in urban traffic has been observed. There are also other trending forms of non-motorized transport, such as in-line skates, skateboards, kick scooters, etc. Riding each of them can be regarded as a form of recreation or sport, but also as an ecological, physically activating means of urban mobility. The paper discusses the different forms of recreational mobility in the context of the possibility of combining it with city public transport, with particular emphasis on kick scooters. Kick scooters are becoming more and more popular, not only among children and youth, but also among adults, who use it mainly as a means of the non-motorised urban transport. Numerous publications from different parts of the world show a dynamic growth of this phenomenon. The aim of the article is also to answer the question in what extent the design of public space takes into consideration the use of these new forms of transport and recreation and, consequently, what aspects and requirements should be taken into account in the planning and design process. The paper presents the conclusions of a field study carried out with a group of students in Szczecin and Berlin. The aim of the research was to evaluate the possibilities of using kick scooters in big cities as a means of hybrid mobility combined with public transport by exploring the spectrum of public spaces (streets, squares, traffic nodes and hubs, public buildings, etc.) and testing the existing urban infrastructure. The experiment and research results seem to confirm the vast possibilities granted by kick scooters in this regard.

Physical activity is an essential component of a healthy lifestyle. The quality and equipment of urban public space plays an important role in promoting physical activity among people (residents, tourists). In order for recreation and sports activities to be undertaken willingly, in a safe and comprehensive manner, certain spatial conditions and requirements must be met. The distinctive feature of contemporary large cities is the disappearance of local, neighbourly relations, and the consequent loneliness, alienation, and atomization of the residents. Thus, the design of public spaces should be an expression of the values of social inclusion and integration. A properly designed urban space would encourage people to leave their homes and integrate, also by undertaking different forms of physical activities. This, in turn, can lead to raising the quality of the space, especially in the context of its "familiarization" and "domestication". The aim of the research was to identify the architectural and urban features of the public spaces of contemporary cities that can contribute to the promotion of physical activity. The paper presents the research results and the case studies of such spatial solutions and examples of good practices, which invite residents to undertake different forms of physical activities in public spaces. The issue of the integrating, inclusionary, and social function of physical recreation and sport is discussed as well, and so are the possibilities of translating these values into physical characteristics of an urban space. The main conclusions are that taking into account the diverse needs of different social groups, participation in the design and construction process, aesthetic and interesting design, vicinity of the residence, open access for all age groups and the disabled would be the most important spatial determinants of a properly designed, physically activating public space. Strategies of planning the sports and recreation infrastructure should also make sure of their multifunctionality and variability in time to adjust it to the changing needs of the residents.