M Trippler's research while affiliated with University of Duisburg-Essen and other places

... 12 Furthermore, upregulated expression of ISG15 was observed at both the mRNA and protein levels in liver tissue samples from patients with HCV infection compared to the levels detected in uninfected controls. 13 Similarly, the abundance of ISG15 transcripts was found to be increased in human PBMCs and liver cells in patients with HCV infection who were unresponsive to IFN treatment compared to the levels in corresponding IFN-responsive patients. 14 In addition, high levels of ISG15 in the liver of patients with HCV infection were associated with an unfavourable HCV genotype 1, a high hepatic HCV load and a low antiviral response to IFN compared to patients who did not present such characteristics. ...

... Viruses can be also detected using viral genomic DNA and genomic, messenger and micro RNA. 27 Recently, FDA has approved several assays and platforms for detection of genomic and messenger viral RNA, summarized in Table I. 26,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] These platforms offer a limit of detection (LOD) of 10-200 copies/ml, and linear quantification up to 10 À8 copies/ml. Such new point-of care diagnostic assays capable of achieving comparable or lower limits of detection than current ones would allow better patient management with antiviral therapies and maybe even allow higher cure rates. ...