M. Smith’s scientific contributions

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Publications (9)


Datos meteorológicos
  • Article

January 2006

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16 Reads

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1 Citation

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M. Smith

Evapotranspiración del cultivo. Guías para la determinación de los requerimientos de agua de los cultivos
  • Article
  • Full-text available

January 2006

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5,794 Reads

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839 Citations

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Proposed revision to the fao procedure for estimating crop water requirements

August 1997

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68 Reads

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48 Citations

Acta Horticulturae

The forthcoming revision of the FAQ ID-24 publication (Crop Water Requirements) utilizes the FAQ form of the Penman-Monteith equation to predict grass reference evapotranspiration (ET) and includes modified procedures for estimating crop coefficients (Kc). The Kc of the initial growing period has been reexpressed using an integrated, volumetric-based decay equation to describe the effect of the surface soil water balance on evaporation. The Kc table of the original FAQ ID-24 publication, which had multiple entries for four wind-relative humidity classes, has been condensed into one column representing Kc's for conditions of low wind and moderate relative humidity. Kc's for other climatic conditions are derived using an equation containing wind speed and relative humidity. Procedures are introduced for applying FAQ Kc's as 'basal" coefficients, where increases in Kc during evaporation from wet soil are computed using decay functions based on a moisture balance of the soil surface.




Citations (8)


... Other errors in the calculation of evaporation through mass transfer are related to inaccuracies in the estimation of the transfer coefficient, which is a function of wind speed (Finch and Hall, 2001). 5. The Penman equation (Penman, 1948) and its variants such as the Priestley-Taylor equation (Priestley and Taylor, 1972) or the FAO-Penman-Monteith (Allen et al., 2006) are robust and reliable methods, but their application is sometimes limited by the large number of meteorological variables required. As it will be explained subsequently, the Penman formula and its variants are widely used in reservoirs with different geometries and meteorological conditions, owing to their physical basis and because they combine the mass transfer and the energy balance methods. ...

Reference:

Estimation of evaporation in Andalusian reservoirs: Proposal of an index for the assessment and classification of dams
Evapotranspiración del cultivo. Guías para la determinación de los requerimientos de agua de los cultivos

... Irrigation management that achieves high values of water productivity leads to the rational use of the resource, with a lower environmental impact and reduced energy use. Therefore, an appropriate selection of the irrigation threshold is essential, considering the crop species, predominant soil texture and atmospheric demand (Allen et al. 1998). In Allen et al. (1998) (FAO 56), no specific threshold value is reported for tall fescue; however, the recommended value for pastures under rotational grazing management is 0.6 of available water depletion. ...

Crop evapotranspiration guidelines for computing crop requirements. FAO Irrig. Drain. Report modeling and application

Journal of Hydrology

... We calculate plant uptake of water from the long-term weather records using a generalized crop factor to account for the stage of plant development. A two-step procedure is used, and this was based on guidelines given by the Food and Agriculture Administration (FAO) of the United Nations (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1977;Smith, 1990). Measured data for global radiation from the sun, air temperature, humidity and windspeed are first used to calculate a reference evaporation rate, ET 0 [mm d *1 ] from the modified Penman equation ...

Expert consultation on revision of FAO methodologies for crop water requirements
  • Citing Article
  • January 1992

... Weighing lysimeters permit the mass or volumetric soil water content change to be determined by weighing the lysimeter and determining its mass change over time. A nonweighing-type Lysimeter can measure long-term ETa on a weekly, decadal, and monthly basis and can be used to manage and plan irrigation systems (Allen et al., 1998). Weighing-type lysimeters can measure ETa values for short periods; however, their installation and maintenance costs are high (Srinivas & Tiwari, 2018). ...

Crop evapotranspiration

... Certain precautions were carried out to select the best applied potential evapotranspiration methods that extend the choice of equation types, which include equations based on temperature, radiation, and combined equations [43]. In order of complexity, these models are Thornthwaite [44], Hargreaves [45], Penman-Montieth with the Hargreaves (P-M) radiation [46], Priestley-Taylor [47], and FAO-56 Penman-Montieth referenced here as P-M (FAO-56) [46]. The FAO-56 reference crop definition [43] is used for all the PET models, except for the Thornthwaite equation, which uses the original definition of Thornthwaite [44]. ...

FAO Irrigation and drainage paper No. 56

... The SoilClim model was first introduced by (Hlavinka et al., 2011) for the area of the Czech Republic, validated by (Trnka et al., 2015) and further extended by (Trnka et al., 2020), including the implementation of model changes to achieve global coverage by (Řehoř et al., 2021). The modeling approach is based on the water balance approximations used in (Allen et al., 1997). ...

Proposed revision to the fao procedure for estimating crop water requirements
  • Citing Article
  • August 1997

Acta Horticulturae

... The water holding capacity of each site was taken from Binkley et al. [16] (Table 2). Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the Penman-Monteith (PM) method [30]. This calculation employed the using the PM function from the SPEI package [31] within the R 4.4.0 software [32]. ...

An update for the calculation of reference evaporation

... This section details the key components and methodologies used in this ET o estimation study based on ML algorithms and FL. The PM equation has been recognized as a standard [59]. However, it gets complicated because it needs many different factors to operate. ...

An Update for the Definition of Reference Evapotranspiration