M Daniel Solomon’s scientific contributions

The purpose of this study was to describe the burden of women care givers of persons with dementia. Forty rural women caregivers of persons with dementia were selected as respondents of the study. The persons with dementia were registered in the District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) Thiruvananthapuram in 2014. Regarding community-based community outreach center in Primary health centers. The carers were administered The Zarit Burden Interview (1980) individually. The Survey method was adopted to collect the demographic data from the selected respondents. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science and parametric z tests were used to draw the meaningful inferences. The less than half 42.5 per cent of the respondents were having a moderate level of burden, More than one third 35 per cent of the respondents were experiencing mild burden and Minimum 15 per cent of the respondents were experiencing severe burden and only 7.2 per cent reported to experience a little or no burden in caregiving. Based on the present findings, the researcher may conclude that the informal care rendered to chronically disabled older-adults and their burden has to be prevented and intervened.

Family Care (also known as home based care or informal care) is crucial to person with Neuro-Cognitive Disorder. Neuro-cognitive disorder is characterized by cognitive decline in one or more cognitive domains. Neuro-cognitive disorders are organic brain syndrome. It is major public health challenge around the globe. The aim of the study is to find the level of psychological profile which includes demographics, level of burden and resilience of informal carers utilizing home based palliative care facilities in Alappuzha districts. Informal carers are considered as second patients. Hypothesis was constructed. The researcher has used descriptive design. The research setting had been selected haripadu block palliative care services, Alappuzha district. The pilot study was conducted and pretesting was done. The non-probability, purposive sampling was used with the carers attached with palliative services through in-home interview. The Standardized measuring instruments were administered for assessing psychological profile of informal careers are 22 items Zarit burden scale and 25 item Resilience scale by Gail.M.Wagnild. Permission was obtained to use the standardized scale mentioned above. The pre-test was conducted and was not included in the study. The data collected were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The Cronbach's alpha in this study with reference to burden is .795 and resilience is .911. The findings related to the demographic profile indicates that the mean age of the respondents is 47.73, more than half of the respondents are from urban community, gender, little less than half of the respondents are from Muslim community, close to three fourth of the respondents are from below poverty line status, little more than one-third of the care givers are daughter-in-laws of the care recipient. Majority of persons with dementia are female. There is a high significant relationship between resilience and burden. The researcher concludes that there is a need for training in resilience which must be component of psycho-education followed by other therapies promotes psychological wellbeing of informal carers with neuro-cognitive disorder recipients. There must be gender equity in care labour and development of public private partnership to enhance carer's holistic wellbeing. Policies and programmes must be amended to redeem informal carers from vulnerability and marginalization and bring them into inclusiveness in all domains of life through palliative care.

This paper will elaborately discuss on interphase between the enhancement of social work professional practice in clinical and social geriatrics through supervision as a tool among social work trainees having their concentration in clinical and social gerontology. Social work is swiftly growing all over the Globe and its impact is enormously developed in developing and underdeveloped nations. But in other phase of development existence of human problems, interpersonal conflicts, social disparities with deviant clinical conditions of elderly are ranking to enormous vivid heights which disturbs the stability of elderly among rapid ageing population. In this critical hour social work interventions has to be strengthened among the social work trainees from their field exposures which is possible through rigorous and enriched supervision. The social work supervisor must have heightened level of knowledge and practiced base According IFSW 2014 "Social work is practiced based and an academic discipline that promotes social changes and development, social cohesion and the empowerment liberation of people of principles of social justice, human rights, collection responsibility and respect for diversity are control to social work underpinned by theories of social work, social science, humanities and indigenous knowledge, social work engages people and structure to address life changes and enhance wellbeing". Social work education and practice is dynamic through its skills, values and core competencies. The need of the hour is to make a call for innovations in education and practice. The curriculum in social work education must be reviewed and renewed with relevance recent trends in global practice and making it indigenous. Professional knowledge based practice is a tool for liberation and empowerment of the feeble, marginalised and vulnerable section of the society like elderly population. Field work training is a special component in social work profession where social workers gain hands on training by application of theory and practice. Field work training must have standardised regulation for effective monitoring and evaluation standards of social work trainees. Field work training component has to be established to promote effective standard of practice in clinical geriatrics. Supervision is a unique and integral portion of clinical social work practice which need specialized intensive training by a social work professional who has efficient skill set. INTRODUCTION: Social work is a profession that brings social change by emancipating individuals from psychosocial problems and from the clutches of all evils in the present world. It is obligatory to strengthen education and practice for the growth of the profession in term for the wellbeing of the people. It is also a profession , characterized by a specialized body of knowledge and skills and an area of operation, a code of ethics and a certain association among the members. The professional standards are attained by assimilation of theoretical contents observed and integrated with practice closely through supervised programme of fieldwork. The social worker has moved the trend from brutal punishment to rehabilitation and follow ups, from ameliora-tion to prevention and mastering the skills, and also approaches the technique of the professional social work. The social work education and practice is a blend of knowledge, values and skills which helps in blending these components in to creativity. Knowledge in social worker is the understanding the person as he is in his/her environment, Values are guide to behaviour, NASW code of ethic emphasis that, skill promotes knowledge and values together and forms as action. Moreover it helps in not fixing opinion and judgements, enhance motivation and consistency in task accomplishment, adherence and receptivity to new information, resistance for ambiguities, not expressing premature, tolerance to contraindication, obscurity and conflict and finally commitment to theoretical positions. Moreover this article discusses about the Field work practice, social work education and supervision in social work practice.