Lumír Poláček's research while affiliated with Institute of Physics ASCR and other places

... 6 (D) and 8 (B-C)), which suggests that the Roman infrastructures and especially the transport of goods and people over land, rivers and sea still played a considerable role in early medieval economy (Kempf 2019;Nol 2021;Quast 2009). Here, both archaeological (Depaermentier and Brather-Walter 2022;Hedeager 2000;Martin 2020) and biomolecular evidence (Amorim et al. 2018;Symonds et al. 2014;Vytlačil et al. 2021) suggest that such large-scale networks might have principally involved the elites and royal or urban centres. ...

... The intent is to find the potential differences in growing conditions of the consumed wheat in relation to (i) the location of the area on/outside the floodplain, and (ii) the social status of the inhabitants of the particular areas. Further, we would like to briefly address earlier results on human and animal bone collagen (Jílková et al. 2019;Kaupová et al. 2018;Kovačiková et al. 2020), and check the validity of their original interpretations of the diet of Great Moravian people in the light of the new findings on plant isotopic values. ...

... Therefore, the study of unearthed cultural relics is no longer limited to the morphological observations or compositional analysis of the golden surface (Ingo et al. 2007). Instead, it goes deep into the interior of the cultural relics to study the compositional distribution and structural characteristics of the cross-section and the interface between the gold layer and the substrate (Ottenwelter et al. 2020), revealing the forming mechanism of the gold layer during the gilding process . It is worth mentioning that the heating causes phase change of Au-Hg amalgam during the gilding process, thereby forming a gold layer (Jin et al. 2017). ...

... The intent is to find the potential differences in growing conditions of the consumed wheat in relation to (i) the location of the area on/outside the floodplain, and (ii) the social status of the inhabitants of the particular areas. Further, we would like to briefly address earlier results on human and animal bone collagen (Jílková et al. 2019;Kaupová et al. 2018;Kovačiková et al. 2020), and check the validity of their original interpretations of the diet of Great Moravian people in the light of the new findings on plant isotopic values. ...

... The socioeconomic stratification of the Mikulčice settlement between its castle and sub-castle areas has been investigated and partly supported through numerous bioarchaeological studies. The most commonly used osteological markers describing manifestations of stress on the skeleton, nutrition or health status have been skull asymmetry (Bigoni et al. 2013;Ibrová et al. 2017) entheseal changes (Havelková et al. 2011(Havelková et al. , 2013, dietbased stable isotope analyses (Kaupová et al. 2018), the 3D morphology of the lower limb bones (Brzobohatá et al. 2014(Brzobohatá et al. , 2016 and tooth wear and decay (Stránská et al. 2008(Stránská et al. , 2015. ...

... The intent is to find the potential differences in growing conditions of the consumed wheat in relation to (i) the location of the area on/outside the floodplain, and (ii) the social status of the inhabitants of the particular areas. Further, we would like to briefly address earlier results on human and animal bone collagen (Jílková et al. 2019;Kaupová et al. 2018;Kovačiková et al. 2020), and check the validity of their original interpretations of the diet of Great Moravian people in the light of the new findings on plant isotopic values. ...

... Roku 2012 byl zahájen a následně systematicky prohlubován izotopový výzkum zamě řený na různé aspekty stravy a původ populace Velké Moravy i na hospodaření s rostlinami a zvířaty. Jeho výsledky byly postupně prezentovány formou řady příspěvků v odborných periodicích Halffman -Velemínský 2015;Jílková et al. 2019;Kaupová et al. 2014;Kaupová et al. 2018;Kovačiková et al. 2022;Látková et al. v tisku;Macháček et al. 2021a;Vytlačil et al. 2021) či jako součást širších monografií (Milovský 2020;Velemínský et al. 2021). Doposud však chyběla ucelená syntéza dosa vadních výsledků, která je přitom nezbytným předpokladem pro formování podložených hypotéz pro další výzkum. ...

... Among pre-industrial European populations the prevalence of caries among children is generally found to be much lower, a study of childhood caries in both Early Iron-Age and Medieval Ukraine found caries in around 2% for Early Iron-Age children and 8% for Medieval children with caries affecting less than 1% of teeth [56]. Another study of Early Medieval children from multiple sites in Central Europe also found that caries affected around 1% of teeth examined [57]. A quick survey of a sample from the nearby medieval cemetery of Sankt Pölten located in the same valley as Franzhausen I found 39 out of 92 children-42% experienced caries, with many individuals experiencing multiple caries across the dentition, however true prevalence rates have yet to be established for this sample. ...

... While the human tibial shape has been extensively studied with biomechanical and morphometric (both traditional and virtual) approaches for sex assessment [3,[8][9][10][11], few studies include the fibula. Sex assessment based on multivariate analyses of fibular measurements in populations with different ancestries has reported accuracies of 80-86% [12][13][14][15][16]. ...

... Thus, by the time adolescent boys were regarded as reproductive men, any initial height or strength gains would be exceeded by an individual who delayed maturational onset for greater growth. This would be further exacerbated by the demands that hunting and farming place on male strength (Apicella, 2014;Hanawalt, 1986;Havelková, Villotte, Velemínský, Poláček, & Dobisíková, 2011;Hewlett & Lamb, 2005), as provisioning capacity was another attractive intersexual trait in the past (Apicella, 2014;Howell, 2000;Trigger, 1969). This reduced intersexual attractiveness would be further compounded by intrasexual disadvantages. ...