Luis Miguel Contreras-Medina’s research while affiliated with Autonomous University of Queretaro and other places

Given the importance of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in plant defense and human health, this study aimed to evaluate black cherry tomatoes’ polyphenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and carotenoid content and enzymatic activity under greenhouse conditions. Black cherry tomato varieties—Indigo Cherry Drops, Indigo Rose, and Kumato—were cultivated from seed to the third harvest. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, β-carotenoids, antioxidant capacity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and enzymatic activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), proline (PRO), and superoxide dismutase (PAL), were measured and compared. The Kumato variety exhibited significantly higher total polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids, along with enhanced antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS) and enzymatic activity (CAT, PAL) compared to Indigo Rose and Indigo Cherry Drops, with free radical inhibition of 87.0% (DPPH) and 74.72% (ABTS). SOD activity was highest in Indigo Rose (0.21 U/mg protein), while proline levels were significantly higher in Kumato and Indigo Cherry Drops (6.40 and 6.63 U/mg protein). These findings highlight the antioxidant potential of black cherry tomatoes and their high potential nutritional value for consumers. Future research should explore how environmental factors influence their biochemical composition and potential applications in functional food.

The large-scale conversion of forests to agriculture has caused biodiversity loss, climate change, and disrupted dietary fatty acid balances, with adverse public health effects. Wild edibles like pine nuts, especially Pinus cembroides, provide sustainable solutions by supporting ecosystems and offering economic value. However, variability in seed quality limits market potential, and lipidomic studies on P. cembroides remain sparse. This paper underscores the ecological, social, and nutritional value of P. cembroides while advocating for advanced research to enhance its use as a non-timber forest resource in Mexico’s communal areas. It explores various analytical techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR), chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS, GC-MS) and GC coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID), highlighting extraction methods like derivatization, purification, and thin-layer chromatography. Likewise, some considerations are addressed for the treatment of data obtained in the detection of fatty acids from bioformatics and the evaluation of the data through statistical methods and artificial intelligence and deep learning. These approaches aim to improve fatty acid profiling and seed quality assessments, fostering the species economic viability and supporting sustainable livelihoods in rural communities, encouraging researchers across the country to explore the fatty acid composition of different P. cembroides populations can drive valuable insights into its nutritional and ecological significance. Such efforts can enhance understanding of regional variations, promote sustainable use, and elevate the specie’s economic and scientific value.

The acceleration of the climate crisis and increased demand for water have caused water stress in many agricultural lands worldwide. This issue is of utmost importance as water stress represents one of the most crucial challenges for the agricultural sector and food security, affecting the growth and yield of crops. Developing agricultural strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of water stress and improve crop stress tolerance and crop yield is therefore crucial. This review aimed to analyze the effect of agricultural practices such as elicitation and biostimulation on mitigating the effects of water stress in vegetables. This manuscript provides relevant and recent information about the studied effects on various vegetable species and their responses under water deficit and agricultural and non-agricultural strategies to mitigate water stress, highlighting the use of elicitors and biostimulants. Inclusion criteria were scientific reports and book chapters published from 2000 to 2024, including keywords as follows: water stress + vegetables, water deficit + effects, drought stress management, agricultural strategies for water stress management, eustressors + water stress, elicitors and biostimulants + water stress mitigation. According to the reported literature, it was found that the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of vegetables to water stress depended on factors such as the severity and duration of the water deficit, the plant species, and the phenological state of the plants. Traditional agronomic strategies such as tillage, mulching, and intercropping for crop drought management were evaluated. Recently, alternative strategies for mitigating the effects of water stress have gained significant interest, such as the exogenous application of phytohormones and osmoprotectants, nutrient management, and the use of UV-B light, radiation, and acoustic waves, among others, whose eustressive effects (as biostimulants and elicitors) have been demonstrated. Among these eustressors, those of physical origin show great potential for mitigating water stress. To improve the individual potential of eustressors for water stress mitigation, we proposed the combination of practices such as tillage, mulching, application of hormones and osmoprotectants, and physical elicitors and biostimulants such as gamma rays, He-Ne laser, and UV-B. Further exploration is required to establish doses, application conditions, and effects on water stress mitigation and vegetable yield, underscoring the importance and ongoing nature of this research.

La Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombia, desde la Vicerrectoría para la Evangelización de las Culturas, su Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Humanísticos, CIDEH, y el grupo de investigación GIDPAD (Grupo Interdisciplinario para el Desarrollo del Pensamiento y la Acción Dialógica - Medellín), con su línea de pensamiento ecologizante y formación bioética, en coherencia con la fundamentación filosófica franciscana que permite poner en diálogo el carácter humanista y científico, decide compilar algunos trabajos relacionados con la bioética, atendiendo a la necesidad de generar escenarios dialógicos y convocar esfuerzos sinérgicos en pro de esta disciplina, como un elemento formativo para las nuevas generaciones en el ámbito de la educación. Este trabajo consta de seis partes y veinticinco capítulos en total, con autores de varios países de Latinoamérica: México, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Ecuador, Chile y Colombia, que aportan con sus escritos al cumplimiento del gran anhelo de Van Rensselaer Potter como uno de los referentes de la Bioética, cuando expresa la importancia de la generación del diálogo entre las disciplinas humanísticas con las ciencias fácticas, el conocimiento socio humanístico con el científico, el diálogo de decires con el de haceres. (UNIMINUTO) En las últimas décadas, el cuerpo ha ocupado un papel importante en el análisis teórico, vale la pena decir que el cuerpo es lo que nos constituye y lo que somos. En este sentido el texto busca retomar la comprensión y la importancia del cuerpo desde el discurso, y el aporte bioético, en un tema tan relevante como lo es el final de la vida. Para lograr lo anterior, inicialmente, se clarificará la categoría de cuerpo desde diversos sustentos para llegar a la conclusión teórica de su importancia. En segundo lugar, se trabajarán las categorías cuerpo y dolor total a través de preguntas pertenecientes a las encuestas realizadas a once pacientes del Hospital AdventHealth de Florida; esto, con el fin de obtener una medición de la vulnerabilidad que enfrentan estas personas. Finalmente, se analizarán los desafíos bioéticos que dejan las connotaciones de dolor, sufrimiento y vulnerabilidad, para lograr, desde allí, una praxis de la comprensión del cuerpo y el dolor en el final de la vida, además, de los retos que puede dejarnos este análisis.

Plant stress is one of the most significant factors affecting plant fitness and, consequently, food production. However, plant stress may also be profitable since it behaves hormetically; at low doses, it stimulates positive traits in crops, such as the synthesis of specialized metabolites and additional stress tolerance. The controlled exposure of crops to low doses of stressors is therefore called hormesis management, and it is a promising method to increase crop productivity and quality. Nevertheless, hormesis management has severe limitations derived from the complexity of plant physiological responses to stress. Many technological advances assist plant stress science in overcoming such limitations, which results in extensive datasets originating from the multiple layers of the plant defensive response. For that reason, artificial intelligence tools, particularly Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), have become crucial for processing and interpreting data to accurately model plant stress responses such as genomic variation, gene and protein expression, and metabolite biosynthesis. In this review, we discuss the most recent ML and DL applications in plant stress science, focusing on their potential for improving the development of hormesis management protocols.

Simple Summary Agriculture systems use multiple chemical treatments to prevent pests and diseases, and to fertilize plants and eliminate weeds around the crop. These practices are less accepted by the consumers each day, mostly because of the associated environmental, health, and ecological impact; thus, new sustainable green technologies are being developed to replace the use of chemical products. Among green technologies for agriculture practices, the use of plant elicitors represents an alternative with great potential, and extracellular DNA has shown beneficial effects on important production traits such as defence mechanisms, plant growth and development, and secondary metabolites production that results in yield increment and better-quality food. In this review, we reunite experimental evidence of the natural effect that extracellular DNA has on plants. We also aim to contribute a step closer to the agricultural application of extracellular DNA. Additionally, we suggest that extracellular DNA can have a biostimulant effect on plants, and can be applied as a highly sustainable treatment contributing to the circular economy of primary production. Abstract Agricultural systems face several challenges in terms of meeting everyday-growing quantities and qualities of food requirements. However, the ecological and social trade-offs for increasing agricultural production are high, therefore, more sustainable agricultural practices are desired. Researchers are currently working on diverse sustainable techniques based mostly on natural mechanisms that plants have developed along with their evolution. Here, we discuss the potential agricultural application of extracellular DNA (eDNA), its multiple functioning mechanisms in plant metabolism, the importance of hormetic curves establishment, and as a challenge: the technical limitations of the industrial scale for this technology. We highlight the more viable natural mechanisms in which eDNA affects plant metabolism, acting as a damage/microbe-associated molecular pattern (DAMP, MAMP) or as a general plant biostimulant. Finally, we suggest a whole sustainable system, where DNA is extracted from organic sources by a simple methodology to fulfill the molecular characteristics needed to be applied in crop production systems, allowing the reduction in, or perhaps the total removal of, chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and insecticides application.