Louis Gifford’s scientific contributions

... [12][13][14] Cognitive behavioural approach In this context, the evaluation and management principles of Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) management in physiotherapy practice need a revamping as the recent pieces of evidence are detrimental to the existing purely biomedical practice. The current evidence emphasises the importance of dynamic multimodal analgesia and multidisciplinary (Biopsychosocial model) approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, to effectively manage chronic musculoskeletal pain in clinical practice [15][16][17][18][19]. ...

Reference:

Cognitive Behavioural Approaches in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Management: Enhancing Physiotherapy Practice

... Neural proximity may also play a significant role. Indeed, the manifestation of pain-including its spatial characteristics-is considered part of a protective output of the central nervous system 17,[37][38][39] that results from multiple interacting processes, including the transduction and encoding of noxious stimuli, the conduction of nociceptive information through the spinal cord and thalamus, the activation of cortical representations of the body, 14,26 and multiple levels of facilitatory and inhibitory modulation. 52,57 These processes also incorporate both predictions and errors. ...

Reference:

Where is the pain? Spatial patterns of pain co-occurrence in a population-based study of 4833 pain drawings incorporating network analysis

... In conclusion, the relatively low effectiveness of traditional conservative treatments is due to the focus on the patient's symptoms and where they occur, rather than on the root causes, which are often located away from the lumbar spine [52][53][54]. ...

Reference:

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Fascial Manipulation in Patients with Degenerative Disc Disease of the Lumbosacral Spine

... Moment arms may be altered. Nerves innervating shoulder musculature may be lengthened and tensioned from contralateral rotation [6,7] or compressed at the intervertebral foramen from coupled cervical motions [8]. Yet traditional clinical isometric shoulder strength testing is performed almost exclusively with the cervical spine in neutral [9]. ...

Reference:

Altered Cervical Spine Position Results in Decreased Eccentric Shoulder Rotation Strength

... In other instances, their notion of reductionism parallels the assumption that a constitutive explanation, toward a more complex understanding of pain. Some also state that this shift in perspectives was the consequence of a revolution in the field (Gifford and Butler 1997;Butler and Moseley 2017). ...

Reference:

The Limits of Reductionism in the Scientific Controversies of Pain

... DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS E ntering the exam, the distribution of symptoms might suggest a number of concurrent sources (eg, glenohumeral osteoarthritis [OA], a rotator cuff tendinopathy/tear, cervical somatic referral) 3,23 or a singular parsimonious differential (eg, cervical somatic referral or emerging radiculopathy, possibly but less likely glenohumeral OA 13,15 ). It also was considered for the potential of a concurrent early-stage glenohumeral OA or rotator cuff tendinopathy or tear 3 (see FIGURE 3). ...

Reference:

Using a Hypotheticodeductive Reasoning Approach to Identify Coronary Artery Stenosis and Myocardial Ischemia in a Patient With Upper Arm, Scapular, and Wrist Pain

... It consists of 13 items and each item is scored from 1 to 4 points. A higher score indicates higher levels of kinesiophobia, and it is classified into four ranges of intensity: 'subclinical' (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22); 'mild' (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32); 'moderate' (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42); and 'severe' (43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52) [103]. ...

Reference:

Effects of Global Postural Re-Education Versus Specific Therapeutic Exercises on Pain, Head Posture, and Pain-Related Psychosocial Factors in Women with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial