January 1999
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10 Reads
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3 Citations
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January 1999
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10 Reads
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3 Citations
November 1998
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9 Reads
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11 Citations
October 1998
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24 Reads
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14 Citations
The Internet now permits easy access to textual and pictorial material from an exponentially growing number
January 1998
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2 Reads
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4 Citations
The Internet now permits widespread access to textual and pictorial material from digital libraries. The widespread use of graphical user interfaces, however, increasingly bars visu- ally handicapped people from using such material. We present here our current work aimed at the adaptation of an Internet browser to facilitate blind user access to digital libraries. The main distinguishing characteristics of this browser are: (1) active user interaction, both for the macro- analysis and micro-analysis of screen objects of interest; (2) use of a touch-sensitive screen to facilitate user interaction; (3) generation of a virtual sound space into which the screen information is mapped; (4) transcription into sounds not only of text, but also of images. Several prototypes have been implemented, and are being evaluated by blind users.
16 Reads
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3 Citations
Abstract In this research we implemented,three different methods,for presenting scientific graphs to blind and visually impaired people. Each rendering method employed either audition, kinesthetic or a combination of those two modalities. In order to allow for distance learning, we have used low cost portable devices for the output graph rendering. The three modes,of representation were then compared,by three separate groups of blind and visually impaired computer,users. Each group consisted of four participants. Results reveal that the combination,of both audio and kinesthetic modalities can be a promising representation medium,of common,scientific graphs for visually challenged people. KEYWORDS
... If an audio document is designed straight from the author's intentions, it may correspond to the author making an explicit recording the user study presenting voice based html structure in audio: user satisfaction with audio hypertext of the document or pieces of the document. Patrick Roth [19] and his group project aims at providing sight handicapped people with alternative access modalities to pictorial documents. More precisely, our goal is to develop an augmented Internet browser to facilitate blind users access to the World Wide Web. ...
November 1998
... Methods include computer vision, ultrasonic sensors, tactile substitution via skin receptors, auditory substitution via the ears, vibro-tactile substitution, electrical stimulations (e.g. of the visual cortex [31], of the forehead [57], of the tongue [3]), medical or surgical approaches, etc. Applications include wearable assistive devices, mobility aids and electronic travel aids, visual prosthetic devices, brain implants, bionic eyes; for e.g. computer vision-based cortical implants for bionic vision [70,71] and retinal implants, etc. 2. Accessible Content Processing (Purple)-A community which attempts to cover urgent areas such as human computer interaction (HCI), Braille-related technologies, printed information access (such as textbooks, street signs, product information, bar codes), optical character recognition (OCR) technology, speech synthesis technology, sign detection and recognition, web accessibility, etc; Methods include tactile access, sonification of data (e.g. use of nonspeech sound for accessing georeferenced data [115]), audio transcriptions of printed information, audio browsers to access web sites and web content [93]; Applications include reading devices, smartphone apps (e.g. the Trinetra project [65], or the bar code reading app for the blind from the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute [108]), low vision aids, screen readers, tactile touchscreens and tactile maps. 3. Accessible User Interface Design (Blue)-We interpret this small community in the co-occurrence graph as an active community involved in areas such as human-computer interaction (HCI), interface design, user interface modelling, Braille technology, ubiquitous computing, human factors and ergonomics research, etc; Methods include user-centered design, auditory interactions and feedbacks, multiple accessibility features, design and usability evaluations; Applications include accessible user interface designs, frameworks for dual interfaces, non-visual interfaces to ubiquitous services (such as ATM machines, kiosks, home appliances), accessible games for the visually impaired [39], etc. ...
January 1999
... There have been some efforts to make CAPTCHA more accessible for users who are blind, using integration of sonification and sound with CAPTCHA (Lazar et al., 2012;Shirali-Shahreza & Shirali-Shahreza, 2011). Similar attempts have been made to improve users' browser interaction through use of sonification techniques (Morley, Petrie, O'Neill, & McNally, 1999;Petrucci et al., 2000). However, these efforts are far below the expectations to meet the actual needs of individuals with visual impairments. ...
January 2000
... New techniques supporting cross-modal coordination and audio-kinesthetic perceptual integration in the absence of visual information have been developed to support an intuitive non-visual interaction with scientific data. Taking an example, Roth et al. [16] have designed three methods to provide congenitally blind and visually impaired users with non-visual representation of the three different scientific graphs-linear function, parabolic curve and periodic sine wave, making use of two different modalities. The first rendering technique employed auditory feedback cues (non-speech sounds) to convey information regarding the graph shape. ...
... Furthermore, because many digital libraries rely on pointers to documents on the Web, it is important that these mechanisms work on Web pages. While these limitations have been recognized for over a decade [1, 3], assistive technology is still challenged by two-dimensional Web page layout designs. For the past 2 years, we have worked on devising better assistive technologies to allow blind people to access the information implicit in document layouts, and to provide them with a user experience closer to that of sighted people. ...
January 1998
... • Multimodal exploration of graphs for statistical data [72,73,30,200]. ...
Reference:
Multi-Modal Exploration
January 2001
... The studies of Lumbreras and al. [6] and our earlier work [8,9] validated the hypothesis that a 3D immersive virtual sound environment combined with haptic manipulation and audio feedback, can enable blind users to construct a mental representation of the spatial environment. Therefore, we use as the haptic device, a graphical tablet that provides a direct positioning of the finger in the auditory plane. ...
January 1999
... The works of Ina (1996), Ladner et al. (2005), Miele and Marston (2005) and Watanabe et al. (2014) are some examples. Finally, other authors opt for multimodality, combining haptic solutions with data sonification and other stimuli (Kennel, 1996;Fritz and Barner, 1999;Yu et al., 2000;Roth et al., 2002;Yu and Brewster, 2003;Iglesias et al., 2004;McGookin and Brewster, 2006;Wall and Brewster, 2006;Doush et al., 2009;Goncu et al., 2010). ...
June 2002
Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness
... Previous work in the field is summarized in [9], [10]. Previous approaches have allowed users to actively explore an image, using both audio and tactile methods [11], [12]. BATS (Blind Audio Tactile Mapping System) presents maps via speech synthesis, auditory icons, and tactile feedback [13]. ...
February 2001
... Au-dioFunctions is an iPad app that adopts three sonification techniques to convey information about the function graph. Indeed, early research studies have been carried out, implementing Web tool prototypes to allow blind users to comprehend simple drawings, as well as to create graphics (Roth et al., 2000;Yu et al., 2003). ...
Reference:
Education and STEM on the Web
March 2000