Liubov Ben-Noun (Nun)’s scientific contributions

The arm refers to the entire limb from the shoulder to the wrist, encompassing both the upper arm (from the shoulder to the elbow) and the forearm (from the elbow to the wrist). It contains essential bones such as the humerus in the upper arm, and the radius and ulna in the forearm, along with muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Biblical references to the arm are evaluated from a contemporary perspective. The clinical significance of the arm arises from its involvement in various medical, dermatological, infectious, and neurological conditions, leading to the exploration of management strategies related to these conditions. Arms have a significant role for humans in their life. Therefore, the present Research evaluated various clinical conditions, including some that are treatable and others that may not be repairable. The present Research presents various strategies to improve, treat, and rehabilitate different medical arm conditions. In conclusion, the Bible also contains numerous verses describing the functions of the hand, making it important to recognize these biblical descriptions to provide meaningful and holistic care to patients.

This Research is the Biblical story of a woman in war who fought against the enemy and eliminated him: "Jael Heber's wife took a nail of the tent, and took an hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him (Sisera), and smote the nail into his temple, and fastened it into ground: for he was fast asleep and weary. So, he died. …." (Judges 4:21,22). The study evaluates the impact of war and conflicts on women, their participation in wars, their contributions to the military, the effects of wartime on women's physical and mental health, and strategies for promoting the health of women involved in wars. The severe consequences of war are highlighted on women and children, possibly depicting their suffering, loss, and the broader social and emotional toll of conflict. The Research emphasizes the active role women played in wars, challenging the traditional narrative that often portrays them solely as victims. It likely explores how women contributed to the war effort, whether on the battlefield, in support roles, or through other forms of resistance and participation. Some famous women who have made significant contributions to the military throughout history are presented. Nurses played a critical in providing comprehensive care during the wars, often under challenging and dangerous conditions. Numerous clinical situations are explored concerning the physical and mental health problems experienced by military women. The research highlights the brutal impacts of war, with a focus on the suffering of marginalized groups, such as "Comfort women" and the Yazidi community. Various strategies are designed to address health situations, difficulties, and disparities. In conclusion, the Biblical woman eliminated the enemy with a simple method—a nail and a hammer—demonstrating her exceptional bravery. From this study, we learn that a woman's devotion to fighting her enemies is a heroic act that resonates throughout history.

Enucleation of the eyes is a painful procedure, but is it still prevalent in contemporary times? The Biblical story related to eye enucleation is explored, evaluating the history, mechanisms, symptoms, circumstances, diseases, and management associated with this painful procedure from a contemporary perspective. King Zedekiah, the last king of Judah, was captured by the Babylonians after the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BCE. As punishment, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon had Zedekiah's sons killed before his eyes. Afterward, Zedekiah's eyes were put out, and he was taken to Babylon in chains, where he remained a prisoner until his death. The enucleation of Zedekiah's eyes was a brutal act, intended to ensure that his last visual memory was the death of his sons, a final and deeply traumatic punishment. This Research presents various treatment options to preserve the eyes and decrease the need for enucleation, as well as introduces various implants used after enucleation and evisceration. Etiology of eye (s) loss include a blind, painful eye, phthisis bulbi, tumors, and infections, glaucoma, vitreoretinal diseases, corneal disease, trauma, primary ulcerative keratitis with endophthalmitis, sympathetic ophthalmia, physiological aging of the eye, malignancy, and self-mutilation. Eye loss is related to various prevalence and incident rates in various countries. A variety of findings can be obtained from enucleated eyes, which provide the ophthalmologist with information with respect to the effectiveness, improvement options and of course also the possible complications of surgical interventions. The most frequent indications for enucleation are secondary angle closure glaucoma, ocular malignant tumors, atrophia or phthisis bulbi, ocular infectious or inflammatory diseases, and recent trauma (enucleation was performed within the first month after trauma). Histopathologically, diagnoses included secondary angle closure, rubeosis iridis, endothelialisation of the iridocorneal angle, and retrocorneal membrane. Ocular tumors are the most common histopathological diagnosis Among tumors, retinoblastoma was the most common followed by malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Enucleation is associated with postoperative pain, ruptures of the surgical wound without implant exposure. psychosocial problems in adult retinoblastoma survivors. Significant orbital growth retardation can remain after enucleation even with a hydroxyapatite implant for the orbit. The management includes various strategies for coping with eye loss and focusses on the different types of eye prostheses available. The research concludes that in order to provide appropriate treatment for patients who have undergone enucleation or evisceration, it is important to understand the historical context of the tragic loss of eyes.

Baking, especially of bread, holds special significance for many cultures. It is such a fundamental part of everyday food consumption that the children's nursery rhyme Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man takes baking as its subject. This research identifies Biblical verses that mention baking and evaluates the topic of baking from a contemporary perspective. Ethnic groups have different dietary patterns based on their geographical locations and cultural influences. Food consumption patterns and eating and cooking behaviors changed dramatically in various countries. The health effects of baking include changes in anthropometric parameters, adherence to a gluten-free diet, hypocholesterolemic effects, and the relationship between the type of mechanical ventilation and baking, the history of smoking, drug use, and baking bread. This research examines the exposure of baking products to various allergens, including egg allergies. Acute and chronic oral bicarbonate ingestion can result in metabolic alkalosis, hypernatremia, hypertension, gastric rupture, hyporeninemia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, intravascular volume depletion, rhabdomyolysis with end-stage renal failure, hemorrhagic encephalopathy, epileptic convulsions, subdural hematoma, and urinary alkalinization. Abrupt cessation of chronic excessive bicarbonate ingestion may result in hyperkalemia, hypoaldosteronism, volume contraction, and disruption of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Food products can be contaminated by gluten, posing a risk for celiac patients, as well as by various microbes, fungi, and acrylamide. It is necessary to improve and innovate various technologies to enhance the quality of baked products. The present Research also addresses the risk factors of baking products, including pterygium, of depression, increased lung cancer, work-related ill-health, allergic respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma, irritant dermatitis and eczema. The present research presents numerous options to improve the quality of baked goods. It covers a range of topics, including ingredient selection, proper measuring techniques, and the importance of using the right tools. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of temperature control, both in terms of ingredient preparation and baking. Practical tips for ensuring even cooking, checking for doneness, and making necessary adjustments for different environmental conditions are provided. The Research also highlights the value of proper storage to maintain freshness and encourages continuous learning and practice to enhance baking skills. Specific advice is given for improving common baked items like bread, cakes, cookies, pies, biscuits, and pasta. The main conclusion is that baking has accompanied humans during the long years of our existence.

Costumes encompass a collection of garments that denote a specific era, place, or persona, donned to embody a particular character or role. This Research delves into Biblical narratives, such as Rebecca's scheme, Tamar and Judah, and Mordechai, where diverse costumes are detailed. It evaluates their historical and cultural context, types, health implications, and strategies for their promotion. The study encompasses a wide array of costume types, spanning from Halloween attire to medical uniforms, including considerations like footwear trends. It explores how cultural values influence childhood and adolescent obesity, examines the attire of actors/dancers, discusses scenarios like Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and cold-water immersion, and scrutinizes swimming and bathing costumes. It also touches upon topics like dye-producing plants, clothing fashion shows, the drag queen phenomenon, costumes' role in enhancing attractiveness, clown attire, ethnic identity representation, costume design for occasions like St. Patrick's Day, costumes for pregnant adolescents, and workwear for Chilean laborers. Moreover, it addresses the potential adverse effects of costumes, such as metal allergies and injuries, and underscores the integral role of face masks throughout human history. In essence, costumes hold profound significance in human existence, symbolizing identity, creativity, cultural legacy, and social expression. They serve as crucial elements in entertainment, rituals, historical reenactments, and daily attire, shaping individual experiences and collective narratives across diverse cultures and epochs. This research thoroughly explores the multifaceted role of costumes in human life, acknowledging their enduring impact across time and space.

A good name is defined as a person's positive reputation. Thus, the present research presents Biblical verses describing this concept: 'A good name is better than good oil' (Ecclesiastes 7:1), and 'A good name is rather to be chosen than great riches, and loving favor rather than silver and gold' (Proverbs 22:1). This research explores the diverse facets of a good name, such as writing effective abstracts, exemplary medical practitioners, the esteemed status of nurses, the dignity of midwifery, the reputation of hospitals, missionary medicine, notable individuals, missionary medicine, volunteers vital work, parenting styles, and good friends. Evaluating from a contemporary perspective, a good name encompasses various types, including doctors, nurses, midwives, notable figures, parents, good friends, and Nobel Prize laureates. The Research suggests that having a good name, or being known for one's integrity and positive traits, is valuable and admirable. A good name embodies honorable traits that contribute to humanity. Thus, throughout the long years of our existence, a good name has been a constant companion.

Costumes encompass a collection of garments that denote a specific era, place, or persona, donned to embody a particular character or role. This Research delves into Biblical narratives, such as Rebecca's scheme, Tamar and Judah, and Mordechai, where diverse costumes are detailed. It evaluates their historical and cultural context, types, health implications, and strategies for their promotion. The study encompasses a wide array of costume types, spanning from Halloween attire to medical uniforms, including considerations like footwear trends. It explores how cultural values influence childhood and adolescent obesity, examines the attire of actors/dancers, discusses scenarios like Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and cold-water immersion, and scrutinizes swimming and bathing costumes. It also touches upon topics like dye-producing plants, clothing fashion shows, the drag queen phenomenon, costumes' role in enhancing attractiveness, clown attire, ethnic identity representation, costume design for occasions like St. Patrick's Day, costumes for pregnant adolescents, and workwear for Chilean laborers. Moreover, it addresses the potential adverse effects of costumes, such as metal allergies and injuries, and underscores the integral role of face masks throughout human history. In essence, costumes hold profound significance in human existence, symbolizing identity, creativity, cultural legacy, and social expression. They serve as crucial elements in entertainment, rituals, historical reenactments, and daily attire, shaping individual experiences and collective narratives across diverse cultures and epochs. This research thoroughly explores the multifaceted role of costumes in human life, acknowledging their enduring impact across time and space.

The stress induced by war undeniably leaves a profound impact on human populations. How can we mitigate or eradicate the adverse effects of warfare? This research examines, from a contemporary perspective, the Biblical verse: "In quietness and in confidence shall be your strength" (Isaiah 30:15), which sheds light on pathways to enhance human resilience and coping mechanisms amidst such challenges. The research evaluates numerous side effects of wars that damage human health. Coping strategies include political approaches, health diplomacy, humanitarian aid, child protection measures, field hospitals, business strategies, provision of medical care, crisis management, and military tactics. The Biblical verse discussed in this research teaches us that it is possible to cope with various side effects of wars by embracing human characteristics such as quietness and confidence, which provide strength.

Social protection, as defined by the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, is concerned with preventing, managing, and overcoming situations that adversely affect people's well-being. The present research deals with the one Biblical story describing the social protection: At that time, David’s men saved Nabal’s shepherds from robbers. "And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal did share his sheep. And David sent out ten young men, and David said unto the young men, get you up to Carmel, and go to Nabal, and greet him in my name (I Samuel 25:4,5). In this Research, social protection policies, health services, access to health care, health inequities, vulnerable people, people with disabilities, elderly citizens, bride shortage, family dimensions, childhood protection, street homeless women, nutritional dimensions, various diseases, and the strategies to enhance the social protection are described. The research demonstrates that the roots of social protection go back to Biblical times.