Lee J. Cronbach’s research while affiliated with University of Illinois Chicago and other places

... The effect of a changing research environment on replicability may be inferred by performing the same experiment in several randomly selected environments and applying a mixed model analysis to assess treatment effects. Such mixed-model analysis has been a staple of fields including agriculture, biology, and psychology (Littell et al. 1996, Milliken & Johnson 2009, Kafkafi et al. 2005, Cronbach et al. 1963, Cronbach 1972, Shavelson et al. 1989). However, this approach is limited because it is often impractical to do a study more than once due to costs, time, or lack of incentives for carrying out replication studies (National Academies 2019, p. 137-138, Koole & Lakens 2012, Lundwall 2019. ...

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From one environment to many: The problem of replicability of statistical inferences

... Single state variables can refer to the level of enactment of a single state but also to resulting parameters if the state is measured repeatedly, such as aggregates or averages (Epstein, 1983) as well as other density distribution parameters such as skewness or kurtosis (e.g., Fleeson, 2001). The patterning of two or more state variables could refer to state-state contingencies but also the elevation, scatter, and shape of a profile of multiple state variables (Cronbach & Gleser, 1953) as well as other multi-state patterns. ...

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Person-Specific State Consistency as a Defining Property of Personality: A Critical Analysis and Re-evaluation

... The ICC is the most used agreement index in research because it is the oldest and most flexible. To the best of our knowledge, the first application of ICCs as agreement indices occurred in 1964 (Cronbach, Ikeda, & Avner, 1964). Currently, ICCs are used to estimate IRA in different contexts, such as developmental psychology (e.g., Silva, Crespo, Carona, Bullinger, & Canavarro, 2015) and neuropsychology (e.g., Semrau et al., 2015) as well as in clinical (e.g., Ratelle, Kelm, Halvorsen, West, & Oxentenko, 2015;Unsworth, Harries, & Davies, 2015), educational (e.g., Dickman, 2014), and organizational contexts (e.g., Pearsall & Venkataramani, 2015). ...

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Inter-Rater Agreement Indices for Multiple Informant Methodology

... Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach's [23], both for the four subscales and the global score. Criterion validity was measured by assessing group differences using the Mann-Whitney U test, with the aim to reach a satisfactory differentiation between patients with ED and HC (higher scores in patients with ED) [24,25]. Additionally, factor covariance between the four subscales was computed [24], along with the Spearman correlation coefficient between each subdomain of ChEDE and ChEDE-Q, as well as their global scores. ...

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Child eating disorder examination (ChEDE) interview and child eating disorder examination questionnaire (ChEDE-Q): psychometric properties of the Italian versions

... The Cronbach's alpha (α), item-total correlation, factor loadings, composite reliability (CR), and average variance extracted (AVE) obtained in this study are shown in Table 4. The α and CR values were calculated to evaluate the internal reliability at 0.70 (Cronbach et al., 1972). The values have acceptable internal consistency with a range of 0.874-0.927 ...

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DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN HEALTHCARE IN POST-COVID-19 TIMES

... Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio S/N ratio assesses the true score variance to the error variance. Resulting scores between 3 -4 are generally considered acceptable as lower scores (closer to zero) suggest more error (Cronbach & Gleser, 1964). Average Standard Error (ASE) ASE provides an estimate of the precision of the reliability estimate. ...

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Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale: The protocol of cultural adaptation and statistical validation

... Some previous studies have reported a positive correlation between PRA and trend measures (Krathwohl & Cronbach, 1956;Gardner, et al., 1959). As can be seen from Table 3, PRA and LSE were found to be related under only certain range information conditions. ...

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Influence of Task and Subject Variables in the Squares Test of Leveling-Sharpening

... The robustness of the model against violations of this assumption should be examined. Cronbach and Merwin (1955) have suggested a model which assumes that the alternatives have different probabilities of being chosen. Although their model is mathematically unwieldly, it could be employed in monte carlo studies of the model used here. ...

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The Effect of Guessing on Item Reliability under Answer-Until-Correct Scoring

... The bandwidth of the firm competitiveness fit scale pertains to the extent to which the information its dimensions capture, whereas fidelity refers to its dependability or reliability (Cronbach and Gleser 1965). Wide bandwidth can compromise fidelity (Cronbach and Gleser 1965); therefore, the scale features a reduced set of items per dimension to achieve a balance between the number of questions examined (bandwidth) and the answers' precision (fidelity) (Cronbach and Gleser 1965). ...

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Are We Competitive? A Firm Competitiveness Fit Scale

... Consideration of these recommendations along with the findings of relevant studies (e.g., Bolotin, 1960;Chambers & Hamlin, 1957;Dana, 1962;Dawes, 1962;Dennis, 1960;Mogar, 1962;Hosteller & Bush, 1954;Secord, 1952;Wallon, 1959), criticism (e.g., Brown, 1952;Hamlin, 1954;Hammer, 1959;Schneider, 1950;Shneidman, 1959), unpublished manuscripts, and personal communications by Karen Machover and Solomon Machover, provided enriching sources for conceptualizing the method elected here. In sum, the empirical literature suggested that a concurrent validity study, applying the method of correct matchings of global judgments (Cronbach, 1950) to clinically homogeneous groups, would be appropriate. Researchers have cautioned that judges be experts, that samples be relevant, that demographic and sampling variables be controlled, and that the task be clearly defined-not too simple, yet not unmanageably complex. ...

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Validity of clinical judgments based on human figure drawings