Laronistine Dyson’s research while affiliated with Kentucky State University and other places

There is a newly emerging population of crime victims that is made up of inner?city African?Americans. This population of crime victims is called invisible, because its members are paralyzed after brushes with random acts of violence. As a result of their paralysis, they disappear from conventional arenas such as work, recreation, and some social gatherings. The sad reality of this victimization is that despite the calamity it brings to the victims, it could potentially drain the public health and criminal justice systems. The authors of this article contend there are preventive strategies that could reduce this growing population.

Despite the widespread use of Section 1983 litigation to prevent police excessive force, civil rights violation cases continue to increase. Police agencies could reduce these cases with improved training and monitoring, empowering civilian review boards and seeking accreditation. These efforts would demonstrate to judges and juries that agencies are not deliberately indifferent to the public they are sworn to serve and protect.

many inner-cities across America, there are growing numbers of violent crime victims, including a burgeoning number of those who become paralyzed through spinal cord injury inflicted during episodes of criminal violence. Among those who are disproportionately represented among victims are uninsured minorities, especially African-Americans, who significantly contribute to a declining health care system.

Police officers enter law enforcement with enthusiasm. However, at some point, their idealism dissipates to the point of apathy causing some to become aggressive with the general public. During this period, some officer’s performance declines. This raises concerns for superior officers and management with how these problems could lead to legal liabilities if out-of-control officers engage in excessive force.

Recently, there has been an increase in reports on the number of HIV/AIDS cases in the nation's jails and prisons. Many attribute this increase to sexual contact, drug use (needle sharing), tattooing, and the lack of access to condoms. Despite this, many correctional administrators fail to reduce these practices or properly segregate inmates who are known carriers of HIV or full blown AIDS. This show of deliberate indifference from penal administrators could open the door for inmate litigation.

Since 1992, thousands of boot camp participants have been released from CRIPP. This investigation tracks the recidivism levels of a cohort of 653 participants that have been free for four years. This article provides the types of crimes that accounted for the participants’ reinvolve‐ment in crime and reveals demographic information about them. In the final analysis, the authors make inferences about the future of shock incarceration programs.

The Alabama boot camp, like many other programs, has specifically targeted offenders with a history of drug abuse. However, evidence has emerged that indicates there is no significant difference between the completion rate of drug users and non-users. Perhaps, the ability for drug users to complete the program lies within the Twelve Steps that are intertwined in the Alabama program.

Boot camps are known for their rigorous regimen of marching, physical training, and hard work; however, Alabama boot camp officials have learned that additional services, such as individual and group counseling, will help improve probationers' chances of not reoffending when they are released. Moreover, officials at the Disciplinary Rehabilitation Unit have also discovered that by asking offenders what works, they can better treat and rehabilitate them.

There is a growing population of violent crime victims. This fast growing population is filled with people who are physically disabled due to serious wounds sustained during criminal episodes of random violence. The ranks of this emerging population seem to be the cities' poor; disproportionately represented by minorities (African Americans) who pose serious threat to an already weakened health care system.

CRIPP—a Texas boot camp, has released participantswho have been freed for nearly two years. The participants in the study were made up of a variety of offenders who had committed drug, property, and personal offenses. Through a tracking investigation the research reveals typologies of offenders most likely to recidivate and perhaps pose serious threat to an already drained criminal justice system.