Landysh Sitdikova’s research while affiliated with Orel State Agrarian University and other places

The strategic task until 2030 for the agro-economic systems of the country and its regions is to increase the average annual growth rate of volumetric indicators of agricultural production to 3%, which is twice as high as the achieved value. To achieve this aim, it is necessary to develop and implement effective mechanisms to smooth out the abrupt growth of production volumes and ensure the sustainable development of agricultural sectors. The development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Tatarstan shows positive trends in the growth of volumetric indicators of production over the past five years. The volume of gross agricultural output in the region increased with an annual growth rate of 21.62 billion rubles. At the same time, the volume of production growth in the crop and livestock sectors amounted to 11.11 and 10.49 billion rubles, respectively, which demonstrates the uniform development of the two main industries. The growth in volumetric indicators of product production is mainly due to the intensification of production processes, the introduction and development of innovative technologies. Along with this, abnormal weather conditions have a negative impact on the process of sustainable development of agriculture, as evidenced by the results of 2021, when the total production volume was only 80.1% of the previous year’s level, and crop production decreased by 38.7%. The identified trend once again emphasizes the need to search for adaptive methods of farming in accordance with climate change by moving at a more intensive pace to the creation of drought-resistant varieties, the development of moisture-saving technologies and the active implementation of reclamation measures. Livestock farming is developing at a more sustainable pace, although there is a decline in the numbers of certain animal species. However, this process does not affect production volumes due to increased animal productivity. The industry is in the process of gradually replacing low-productive animals with highly productive breeding stock. To transition to sustainable development of agriculture in the republic, it is necessary to continue work on adapting technological processes to climate change, creating and introducing new varieties, developing genetic technologies for animal breeding, using digitalization and robotization of the industry.

Resource supply of sustainable development of agro-economical systems should help to increase the competitiveness of agricultural production in the domestic and world food markets and provide the population of the globe with food on the basis of steady increase of agricultural production growth rates. The analysis of the World Bank database for the period from 2012 to 2021 shows that for ten years the added value in the agrarian sector of the Russian Federation economy has increased by 16%, showing positive dynamics of the average annual growth rate with the value of 1.53%. Comparison with the analogous world average growth rate of 2.97% shows that our agro-economic system lags behind the world by almost two times. The OECD countries are developing with an average annual growth rate of 1.88%, which is also ahead of Russia’s indicators. At the same time, Russia’s agro-economic system is developing 0.26% faster than the countries of the European zone. Over the next eight years the Russian Federation expects to achieve an average annual growth rate of agricultural production of 3%, which is 2.7 times higher than the world average. For this purpose Russian agrarians have significant reserves for sustainable development of the agricultural economic system due to expansion of the areas of the main production resource by means of involving 33.04 million hectares of unused agricultural lands (16.7% of the total area) into circulation which, if successfully developed and the average Russian level of land productivity is reached, will give a 15-16% increase in production. The implementation of the program of technical modernization of agriculture can contribute to the achievement of steady annual growth rates of 1.3-1.8% of the branch production. Along with this the important directions of resource provision are the establishment of fair correlation of prices for agricultural products and industrial goods, fulfillment of financial support of agricultural development program and increasing of export potential of domestic agriculture.

The study was carried out in order to study the level of development of the regional agricultural sector of the economy, identify current problems that hinder the sustainable development of agricultural business entities and substantiate proposals for ensuring its further development. The agrarian sector of the economy of the Republic of Tatarstan is designed to solve the problems of providing the population with food at affordable prices in the face of severe restrictions and sanctions from unfriendly countries. 450 large and medium-sized agricultural organizations, 3006 peasant farms (peasant farms), 2.5 ... 3 thousand individual entrepreneurs and more than 472.4 thousand personal subsidiary plots of the population are involved in this task. 4.3% of the agricultural products of the Russian Federation and 15.0% of the agricultural products of the Volga Federal District are produced on the territory of the republic. Over the past five years, the pace of development of agricultural business entities has been slowing down faster than the economy of the republic as a whole (the decrease in the average annual rate of economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan is 2.9%, the agricultural sector - 3.1%), which may lead in the future to a decrease in the share of agriculture in the gross regional product of the republic from 10 ... 11% to 6 ... 7%. to intensify work on the creation of drought-resistant varieties of agricultural crops, moisture-saving technologies and land reclamation measures. One of the most important tasks is the dissemination of information and digital technologies at all stages of the implementation of technological processes for the production of agricultural products. In animal husbandry, it is required to carry out a gradual replacement of unproductive animals with highly productive breeding stock, to accelerate their breeding. In 2021, agricultural producers participated in 19 digitalization projects in crop production and 145 farms used digital systems in cattle breeding, which contributed to an increase in milk production by 62 thousand tons and additional revenue in the amount of 1.6 billion rubles.

The study was carried out in order to study the level of development of the regional agricultural sector of the economy, identify current problems that hinder the sustainable development of agricultural business entities and substantiate proposals for ensuring its further development. The agrarian sector of the economy of the Republic of Tatarstan is designed to solve the problems of providing the population with food at affordable prices in the face of severe restrictions and sanctions from unfriendly countries. 450 large and medium-sized agricultural organizations, 3006 peasant farms (peasant farms), 2.5 ... 3 thousand individual entrepreneurs and more than 472.4 thousand personal subsidiary plots of the population are involved in this task. 4.3% of the agricultural products of the Russian Federation and 15.0% of the agricultural products of the Volga Federal District are produced on the territory of the republic. Over the past five years, the pace of development of agricultural business entities has been slowing down faster than the economy of the republic as a whole (the decrease in the average annual rate of economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan is 2.9%, the agricultural sector - 3.1%), which may lead in the future to a decrease in the share of agriculture in the gross regional product of the republic from 10 ... 11% to 6 ... 7%. to intensify work on the creation of drought-resistant varieties of agricultural crops, moisture-saving technologies and land reclamation measures. One of the most important tasks is the dissemination of information and digital technologies at all stages of the implementation of technological processes for the production of agricultural products. In animal husbandry, it is required to carry out a gradual replacement of unproductive animals with highly productive breeding stock, to accelerate their breeding. In 2021, agricultural producers participated in 19 digitalization projects in crop production and 145 farms used digital systems in cattle breeding, which contributed to an increase in milk production by 62 thousand tons and additional revenue in the amount of 1.6 billion rubles.

The rural economy in modern conditions of the country’s food security doctrine and import substitution policy is one of the main directions of socio-economic development of any society. The problems of sustainable development of the rural economy and the increase in growth indicators of the subjects of agrarian business are particularly interesting as a fundamental direction that ensures the socioeconomic stability in rural areas. The paper is identifies modern systemic issues that restrain the implementation of the sustainable development policy of the rural economy, and develops priority directions to ensure the efficiency of the agricultural sector of the economy in modern conditions of external and internal socio-political challenges. The paper contains the results of the analysis of volumetric indicators and growth rates of agricultural production, the level of performance of the state target program indicators for recent years, identifies the development trends, priority directions that ensure the efficiency of the rural economy, proposes organizational and economic measures to guarantee the production growth and increase the efficiency of agrarian production, intensify investment activities and strengthen state support for the rural economy.

The relevance of the topic of the article is caused by the need to study the current situation in the food market and determine the level of development of the production potential of the domestic agri-food complex in the context of import substitution and fierce competition in the global food market. The purpose of the article is to assess the processes of development of the agro-food complex in the context of import substitution, identify trends, and substantiate priorities in the implementation of the country's food security strategy. The article carried out a comprehensive study of the current state of development of agricultural production, analyzed the current state of the food supply of the country's population, identified trends, identified priority strategic directions for the implementation of the import substitution policy, and ensured the country's food security. The article concludes on the long-term nature of the implementation of the import substitution strategy and ensuring food security. There is a need for an interconnected and balanced organization of import and export activities of enterprises of the agro-food complex. The authors substantiate the need for reorientation of enterprises after reaching the target indicators of food self-sufficiency from domestic sales of products to the development of international food markets. The theoretical provisions and practical recommendations proposed in the article make it possible to solve the problem of stable self-sufficiency of the country with competitive food products and the implementation of a food security strategy.

Currently, cooperatives in the Republic of Tatarstan cover only less than 2% of collective farms, about 5% of collective farms, less than 1% of household farms. The analysis of regional experience in the development of cooperation in the Republic of Tatarstan showed that the measures taken to develop cooperation in rural areas in the last four years have positive results. The increase of budget support for the last four years allowed to increase the number of operating cooperatives 3,3 times, contributed to the growth of cooperative movement members by 16 times, the growth of monetary gain by 6 times and return of budget support by 1,8 times. At the same time, almost half of the registered cooperatives are not able to establish effective activities. The number of operating cooperatives in municipal districts varies from 0 to 14, which in most cases is connected with the use of administrative resources of local authorities on the external influence of cooperative development on the increase of the number of established cooperatives to the detriment of the implementation of the internal mechanism of cooperative solidarity. In the Republic of Tatarstan there is conducted work on activation of cooperative movement due to the promotion of positive experience of cooperatives and strengthening of measures of state support of small forms of management and cooperative development, the volume of which made 856,2 million rubles in 2021, 905,8 million rubles in 2022. To ensure the effective functioning of agricultural consumer cooperatives it is necessary to provide a cluster format for the organization of agricultural consumer cooperatives on a territorial basis and to transfer production and economic processes to a digital platform, to a digital management system by levels and stages of product promotion with simultaneous training for the use of software developments.

The paper is relevant due to the need to ensure the sound functioning of all links constituting the economic agrarian sector by deepening research and elaborating recommendations to improve the economic mechanism for managing rural commodity producers in the face of fierce competition in the global food market. The paper proposes development trends and rationale for priority directions to nourish agrarian business and agricultural production. The paper is devoted to a comprehensive study of the current agrarian sector of the economy and the priority areas for sustainable agrarian business entities functioning in modern conditions of external and internal socio-political challenges. It provides a scientific rationale for the directions of state regulation of processes in rural areas. It defines the priority strategic directions for agrarian sector to flourish, improving the mechanisms of state regulation of agriculture. The theoretical provisions and practical recommendations proposed in the paper will solve the problem of sustainable growth in the production of competitive agricultural products, increasing the efficiency of state support, strengthening the economy of agricultural producers and ensuring the socio-economic development of rural areas.

The relevance of the article topic is due to the need to study the features of the existing structure of the rural economy, the ratio of forms of management of the agrarian business in the context of modern external and internal challenges of the socio-economic environment. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for improving the efficiency of rural entrepreneurship based on an analysis of the current situation and identifying the features of the development of forms of management of subjects of agricultural business. The article highlights the results of the analysis of the peculiarities of the development of certain forms of management of agricultural production. It has been established that in modern conditions of the implementation of the program for sustainable development of rural areas and import substitution of food products, the diversity of the rural economy is an objective necessity. Each of the forms of management has its own characteristics of functioning and, under certain conditions, is capable of ensuring the efficiency of activities. Half of agricultural products are produced by small forms of farming, which have a strong impact on volume indicators and are characterized by instability of growth depending on demand and price fluctuations in the market. It is proposed to provide the necessary conditions for combining successful economic activities of different organizational and legal forms of management in rural areas: personal subsidiary plots and peasant (farmer) households, cooperative formations, large forms of organization of agricultural business.

The relevance of the work is determined by the need to identify the main trends and characteristics of the development of the grain industry at the regional level in the face of new challenges of the external economic situation. The purpose of the research is to identify trends in the grain industry development under the conditions of import substitution and justification of the necessary priority organizational, economic and technological measures to increase the efficiency of grain production. The subject of the study is the system of organizational and economic relations that take shape in the process of production and sale of grain in modern conditions of globalization of the economy. As the main results of the study, the article presents the trends and characteristics of the development of grain production: the continuing disparity in prices for agricultural and industrial products, the current low level of profitability of grain production, the inertia in the development of innovative technologies, the lag in the growth of processing capacities and domestic consumption from the rate of increase in grain production, infrastructural restrictions and unstable situation in the regional grain market. A transition to innovative technologies with resource-saving technologies, precision farming and digitalization, clustering of the grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex, improvement of distribution routes, expansion of sustainable distribution channels, an increase in the number of operators in the regional market, and the formation of a distribution channel through the Republican Commodity Exchange are proposed