Khrystyna Bochkay's research while affiliated with University of Miami and other places

... This can be a problem in fields such as health care or finance, where transparency and accountability are crucial. Explainable AI techniques are being studied to overcome these limitations (2,3). ...

... In addition to mirroring and contributing to the concept's progressive development in practice, academic work engages with the materiality concept in a sustainability context in an increasingly nuanced and progressive manner. While studies building on the SASB's materiality classifications set out to establish their validity in terms of reflecting financial materiality (Grewal et al., 2021;Khan et al., 2016), SASB studies increasingly provide further insights into the standards' rolesfor example, by highlighting their functioning as a coordination device for capital markets (Bochkay et al., 2021) and their connection to other frameworks, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Consolandi et al., 2020). ...

... To add to this complexity, websites are increasingly providing dynamic information and some information may be displayed only after an interaction with the user (e.g. a click on a button to get further information on something). While the approach we used in our simple example may be appropriate for getting information from a small number of websites, various other packages like Scrapy would have to be deployed when dealing with larger numbers of websites (see also Anand et al., 2020). To gather information from dynamic webpages which requires user interaction, packages like Selenium provide functionality to automatically interact with the website (e.g., clicking a given button or inputting user names and passwords) and then extract the required information. ...

... In the same vein,Bochkay and Joos (2021) find that analysts weigh distinct types of information (soft versus hard) differently when forming risk forecasts as a function of changing underlying macroeconomic uncertainty at the time of the forecast. Abis (2022) compares investment decisions made by humans and machines: consistent with quantitative funds having more learning capacity but less flexibility to adapt to changing market conditions than discretionary funds, she finds that quantitative funds hold more stocks, specialize in stock picking, and engage in more overcrowded trades.Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. ...

... It is argued that CEOs may release inaccurate forecast of earnings or other performance metrics utilizing the language characteristics (such as repetitive slogan) to influence investors' ability to evaluate the credibility of future performance that is being released (Davis and Tama-Sweet, 2012) or providing refined signals about corporates future-takeover expectations, which may also question the credibility of the released language (Chen and Chang (2017). Other scholars have provided similar language evidence that managers often make strategic choices in the language they use in communication (Bochkay et al., 2020;Guo et al., 2020) or the way in which the repeat rhetoric (Davis and Tama-Sweet, 2012) or executives more optimistic and less pessimistic language in earnings press releases (Davis and Tama-Sweet, 2012). ...

... Research evidence also reports that young CEOs focus on short-term market performance and do not like to take long-term investments into consideration as such investments yield future returns [72]. Ref. [73] examines the dynamics of CEO disclosure style over their tenure. Based on longitudinal analysis of newly hired CEOs, Ref. [73] shows that CEOs' forward-looking disclosures and their disclosures' relative optimism decline in their tenure. ...

... Relatedly, these findings may reflect more broad dissemination of the summary consensus estimate by forecast data providers. These explanations are consistent with the findings of Bochkay et al. (2018), who suggest that forecast data providers play a key role in alleviating information processing frictions faced by market participants. ...

... We need to know more about the drivers that explain the valuations provided by investors with conflicting objectives Gornall & Strebulaev, 2020) •The dilemma between biased and inflated valuations, which might suddenly deflate with negative economic consequences, and high returns obtained by existing investors deserves further research •Given the high risk of biased valuations, scholars should question whether the Silicon Valley model, based on high tech VC-funded firms, going through different milestones, is still valid to address economic disparities and inequality in the distribution of wealth and income (e.g., Audretsch, 2021) 4.Theory transmigration •We need to understand whether and how theories used to interpret the effects of the drivers of valuations in certain financial milestones can be translated into other milestones •Property rights theory or contracting theory can be applied to business-angel deals, to understand how angel investors' bargaining power influences their negotiations with other prospective investors •Social identity theory can be used to investigate whether business angels and other underinvestigated investors (e.g., family offices and sovereign funds) face a trade-off between a desire for financial rewards and emotional willingness to remain with a venture, and how this trade-off affects valuations •Framing theory has been used in early-stage milestones to explain why direct information disclosure can have either a positive or negative effect on valuations depending on how insiders present their companies in terms of the positive or negative linguistic expressions or gestures used. Scholars can also investigate whether similar mechanisms are valid in later milestones (e.g., Bochkay et al., 2018;Howard et al., 2021 for IPOs) 5.Theory Integration •For drivers that have been investigated through more theoretical lenses, we need to disentangle the explanatory power of the different theories, casting light on alternative explanations of their effects on venture valuations •Signaling theory and resource-based view have been used to investigate the effects on the valuation of entrepreneurs' human capital characteristics and patents, which provide firms with both certification effects and substantive benefits •Signaling theory, resource-based view, and network theory have been used to investigate the effects on the valuations of firms' affiliations with prominentVCsC, underwriters, alliance partners, and academic institutions ...

... Before that, the SEC decided that MD&A was part of the company's obligation to make disclosures in order to see the management's point of view in relation to the business analysis in both the short-and long-term (Koelbl, 2020). The MD&A guidelines urge companies to provide information on the quality and potential variability of any cash flows so then any investors can determine potential prospects (Bochkay and Levine, 2019). What we found is that it provides a picture of MD&A becoming longer and redundant over time, but it is not accompanied by quality standards and is no longer relevant for investment decisions (Dyer et al., 2017). ...