Kerwin Kofi Charles’s research while affiliated with Yale University and other places

... They often provide an avenue for institutional knowledge or a place to learn about and from the struggles of other universities and departments. Informal information like this can be invaluable (Acker 2006;Charles et al. 2022). Learning how and when to advocate for oneself and asking clarifying questions around institutional requirements can be very beneficial. ...

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Changing Working Environments in Philosophy: Reflections from a Case Study

... Historically, diphtheria outbreaks in the 19th and early 20th centuries had devastating impacts, causing high mortality rates before the development of the diphtheria toxoid vaccine [3,4]. The disease was largely controlled with widespread vaccination during the mid-20th century, yet in recent years, there has been a resurgence, particularly in developing countries, attributed to decreasing vaccination rates and waning immunity among adults [5,6]. ...

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Modeling and predicting the spread of diphtheria in guinea using delayed stochastic differential equations

... However, they show that establishing state-run sanatoriums resulted in about 4 percent reductions in pulmonary TB mortality. Anderson, Charles, McKelligott, et al. (2022) explore the effect of milk inspections in major American cities during 1880-1910 on infants' and children's mortality and find small and insignificant effects. ...

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Water is Life, Clean Water Means Health: The Effect of Early-Life Exposure to the City-Wide Water Filtration on Old-Age Mortality

... Our findings are consistent with Grossman's (1972) theoretical framework, which posits that a decrease in the depreciation rate of health contributes to the accumulation of health capital. These results also suggest that the effectiveness of China's food safety policies aligns with empirical evidence from other developed countries (Komisarow, 2017;Anderson et al., 2022). However, concerns remain about the robustness of these estimates, and a series of robustness tests are conducted to verify the Note: The survey years (2011 and 2013) for the characteristics comparison in the table are prior to the policy implementation. ...

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The impact of food safety regulation on the health of middle-aged and older adults: Evidence from Chinese food safety pilot cities

... Economic studies have found minimal impact of licensing on service quality in occupations that are not widely licensed, such as interior designers and upholsters. Even in occupations that are widely licensed, studies have found few and typically small impacts on health measures or quality-related outcomes from tougher licensing requirements [4]. In contrast, many studies have found that occupational licensing affects wages, employment, and fringe benefits, such as health insurance and pensions [5], [6], [7]. ...

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The influence of occupational licensing and regulation

... One common explanation for racial inequality in mortality (Deaton 2013;Link and Phelan 1995) suggests that they were: white Americans may have gained access to medical innovations and public health infrastructure before Black Americans, leading racial inequality to rise as mortality rates fell unequally for Black and white Americans. Other research, in contrast, suggests that some public health innovations were equalizing (Troesken 2004, Anderson et al. 2021. Most famously, Troesken (2004) argues that because water systems were difficult to segregate, their introduction reduced racial inequality in death from waterborne diseases. ...

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Racial Inequality in the Prime of Life: Infectious Disease Mortality in U.S. Cities, 1906–1933

... The results from these various robustness checks suggest that the negative relationship between water filtration and diarrheal mortality in the non-summer months is not an artifact of specification or sample choice. 26 See Anderson et al. (2019a) and Anderson et al. (forthcoming) for more details on this approach. Predicted non-summer diarrhea mortality rates are from a regression model that controls for the city characteristics listed in Appendix Table 1, interactions between the public health interventions and the indicators Summer and Non-Summer, city fixed effects, month-by-year fixed effects, and cityspecific linear trends. ...

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The Phenomenon of Summer Diarrhea and its Waning, 1910-1930

... However, recent replications of these policy efforts using alternative data sets and research designs have raised concerns about the identification strategy used in those studies and largely find null effects (D. M. Anderson et al., 2020). ...

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Health Policies as Education Policies? A Review of Causal Evidence and Mechanisms

... Newer, econometrically oriented literature on the pre-antibiotic era has found significant effects stemming from a range of public health interventions on mortality (e.g., Cutler and Miller 2005;Chapman 2019;Egedesø et al. 2020). Other studies, though, have questioned 2 European Review of Economic History previous quantitative estimates or narratives related to prominent historical interventions, like water purification and anti-tuberculosis campaigns, showing zero or very small effects (Anderson et al. 2018(Anderson et al. , 2019(Anderson et al. , 2020aClay et al. 2020). Consequently, comparing the effects of different types of interventions in specific historical contexts, mapping "what worked," what did not, and why (see Duflo 2017), has become a growing field. ...

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Nurses, doctors, and mortality: the effectiveness of early health professionals in rural Finland, 1880–1938

... In addition, the declining unionization documented by Stansbury and Summers (2020) can also our relate to our hypothesis: Workers may be less inclined to join unions for a fear of jobs disappearing more quickly. Charles et al. (2021) find a similar result when looking at a decline in unionization. They estimate the causal effect of increased import competition from China on the accelerated decline in the rate of union elections between 1990 and 2007. ...

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Endogenous Bargaining Power and Declining Labor Compensation Share