Kelly Richards’s research while affiliated with Queensland University of Technology and other places

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Publications (42)


Mapping Organized Clerical Child Sexual Abuse Networks: Innovative Approaches
  • Chapter

January 2024

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10 Reads

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KELLY RICHARDS

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JANE FITZGERALD

Bringing together disciplines across the arts, humanities and social sciences, this Handbook presents novel and lively examinations of the dynamic ways religion, gender and sexuality operate. Applying feminist, intersectional, and reflexive approaches, the volume aims to loosen imperialist and exclusionary figurations that have underwritten and tethered religion, gender, and sexuality together. While holding onto the field of inquiry, the Handbook offers contributions that interrogate and untie it from the terms and conditions that have formed it. The volume is organized into thematic sections: - Forces and Futures - Activisms and Labors - Agencies and Practices - Relationships and Institutions - Texts and Objects Chapters range across religious, geographical, historical, political, and social contexts and feature an array of case-studies, experiences, and topics that exemplify the reflexive intention of the volume, including explorations of race, whiteness, colonialism, and the institutional intolerance of minority groups. Contributors also advance new areas of research in religion including artificial intelligence, farming, migrant mothering, child sexual abuse, mediatization, national security, legal frameworks, addiction and recovery, decolonial hermeneutics, creative arts, sport, sexual practices, and academic friendship. This is an essential contribution to the fields of religious studies and gender and sexuality studies.



“Pussy Power”? Reflecting on Research Practice with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Men Who Have Offended Sexually

January 2023

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20 Reads

This chapter explores the epistemological and methodological questions we encountered when undertaking research on a perpetrator intervention program for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander men convicted of serious sexual offending (including against children) in Queensland, Australia. The chapter begins by providing an overview of the research project and its findings. The project sought to document the work of Indigenous Elders in providing cultural and spiritual support and mentorship to Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander individuals who have been released from prison following a period of incarceration for serious sexual offending. Here, we draw on semi-structured qualitative interviews with a range of local stakeholders and service providers who contributed to the research. Our purpose is to critically interrogate their views on the intricacies of working with mandated clients in ways that reflect culturally safe practice.



Does Gender Matter?: An Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Religious Socialisation Practices in the Sexual Abuse of Boys and Girls in the Catholic Church

April 2022

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30 Reads

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10 Citations

Religion and Gender

Sociological and historical research into sexual violence against children has reported consistently that it is girls who have most often been the subject of sexual, psychological and physical violence in both familial and institutional settings in modernity. However, more recently, public inquiries have provided evidence that during the 20th century, boys were much more likely to be abused in particular kinds of religious settings. This has been substantiated in findings from inquiries in Australia, Ireland, the UK and the USA . This reverses the trend of child sexual abuse ( CSA ) demonstrated in family and community environments, where girls are more likely to be abused, although perpetrators are much more likely to be men across all settings (Dowling, Boxall, et al. 2021). The question of gender in relation to the experience and management of CSA therefore requires further examination. In this article we investigate whether gender is a specific dimension of CSA in religious institutions, and specifically the Roman Catholic Church, by two methods. We begin by firstly examining the literature that addresses gender representation, religion and CSA in relation to three central evidence-based indicators: prevalence, disclosure and trauma impacts. Secondly, we link this discussion to a case study of the Catholic Church in Australia, where we identify specific patterns of gendered child violence and we ask the question: are such gendered forms of violence related to Catholic socialisation processes and if so by which specific mechanisms does Catholic culture produce the conditions that facilitate the sexual abuse of children? This article will explore these questions by looking at the ways CSA in Catholic institutions are gendered and how this produced particular forms of knowledge and truth. We argue that gender is a central organising principle in Catholic bureaucracy, culture and theology. The analysis identifies five central factors underpinning the reproduction of a discourse of power and knowledge normalizing gendered patterns of CSA and addresses a gap in current research by addressing gender representation as the central factor in the prevalence, disclosure and trauma of religiously based CSA .


Does Gender Matter?: An Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Religious Socialisation Practices in the Sexual Abuse of Boys and Girls in the Catholic Church

April 2022

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38 Reads

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2 Citations

Religion and Gender

Sociological and historical research into sexual violence against children has reported consistently that it is girls who have most often been the subject of sexual, psychological and physical violence in both familial and institutional settings in modernity. However, more recently, public inquiries have provided evidence that during the 20th century, boys were much more likely to be abused in particular kinds of religious settings. This has been substantiated in findings from inquiries in Australia, Ireland, the UK and the USA . This reverses the trend of child sexual abuse ( CSA ) demonstrated in family and community environments, where girls are more likely to be abused, although perpetrators are much more likely to be men across all settings (Dowling, Boxall, et al. 2021). The question of gender in relation to the experience and management of CSA therefore requires further examination. In this article we investigate whether gender is a specific dimension of CSA in religious institutions, and specifically the Roman Catholic Church, by two methods. We begin by firstly examining the literature that addresses gender representation, religion and CSA in relation to three central evidence-based indicators: prevalence, disclosure and trauma impacts. Secondly, we link this discussion to a case study of the Catholic Church in Australia, where we identify specific patterns of gendered child violence and we ask the question: are such gendered forms of violence related to Catholic socialisation processes and if so by which specific mechanisms does Catholic culture produce the conditions that facilitate the sexual abuse of children? This article will explore these questions by looking at the ways CSA in Catholic institutions are gendered and how this produced particular forms of knowledge and truth. We argue that gender is a central organising principle in Catholic bureaucracy, culture and theology. The analysis identifies five central factors underpinning the reproduction of a discourse of power and knowledge normalizing gendered patterns of CSA and addresses a gap in current research by addressing gender representation as the central factor in the prevalence, disclosure and trauma of religiously based CSA .


Pedophile Hunters and Performing Masculinities Online

September 2021

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812 Reads

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4 Citations

Pedophile hunting – abetted by digital technologies – has spread rapidly, resulting in detrimental outcomes, including suicides of hunters’ targets. The scant research on these groups adopts a functionalist argument that they have emerged to fill a security deficit – to undertake work that police are incapable of due to resource and skill deficits in policing the cybersphere. This paper adopts a critical approach to argue that the expressive nature of such activities must be incorporated into explanations for their rapid spread across the globe. Specifically, pedophile hunting can be understood as embodying the performance of masculinities in the digital realm.


The Integration of People Convicted of a Sexual Offence Into the Community and Their (Risk) Management
  • Literature Review
  • Full-text available

August 2021

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308 Reads

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14 Citations

Current Psychiatry Reports

Purpose of Review We are reviewing recent research into the community integration of men convicted of a sexual offence and their (risk) management. This is a high-profile political issue that binds together research in psychology, criminology, politics, health, public health, and policy studies. The review will demonstrate that a multi-disciplinary, life course, EpiCrim-oriented approach is the most effective way of reducing re-offending and promoting desistance in this population. Recent Findings Research demonstrates that life course development, especially from psychology and criminology, has an impact on whether people sexually offend or not. Therefore, to understand sexual offending behaviour, we need to look at the aetiology of said behaviour from a nature and a nurture perspective. Therefore, we need to use an Epidemiological Criminology (a marriage of Public Health and criminology) approach that works at all four stages of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) (individual, interrelationship, community, and societal). The research encourages a person first approach, that we look at Adverse Childhood Experiences and past trauma in the lives of men who sexually offend and use this, in conjunction with strength-based approaches, to inclusively integrate them into society. Summary The prevention of sexual offending, both first time offending, and relapse prevention require a multi-level, multi-disciplinary approach. Successful desistance from sexual offending is as much about the community and society as it is about the individual.

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Survivors’ Beliefs About the Causes of Sexual Offending: An Australian Study

March 2021

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32 Reads

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5 Citations

Policies designed to prevent sexual (re)offending are often proposed on behalf of survivors of sexual violence. However, no research has examined survivors’ beliefs about the causes of sexual offending. This is a critical gap, because how individuals understand the causes of sexual offending has long been thought to inform their support for particular policy responses. This article presents findings from the first study to specifically examine survivors’ views about the causes of sexual offending, based on interviews with 33 survivors from Australia. It demonstrates that survivors’ beliefs are highly complex and multifaceted, and destabilizes the uniform survivor of governmental imagination.


Citations (34)


... Although there are an increasing number of studies exploring the experience of victim-survivors as research participants (Richards et al., 2023;Zark et al., 2023), there are no known studies undertaken with victim-survivors specifically engaged as co-researchers who contribute to research priority-setting, design, implementation and dissemination. There is growing recognition that victim-survivors want to play a more active role in research that is not limited to participation alone Tarzia et al., 2023), yet there is a paucity of evidence exploring the motivations and experiences of those who enter the research space as a victim-survivor collaborator. ...

Reference:

A Chance to have a Voice: The Motivations and Experiences of Female Victim-Survivors of Domestic, Family and Sexual Violence who Joined a Lived Experience Research Group
The views of victim/survivors of sexual violence about perpetrator post-release measures
  • Citing Article
  • May 2023

Criminal Justice Studies

... Unlike intrafamilial child sexual abuse (where girls are more often abuse victims), in religious organisations, boys are more likely than girls to be abused (McPhillips et al., 2022). ...

Does Gender Matter?: An Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Religious Socialisation Practices in the Sexual Abuse of Boys and Girls in the Catholic Church
  • Citing Article
  • April 2022

Religion and Gender

... These initial studies point to significant differences in the average age of onset of abuse between victims of abuse within the Catholic Church and victims of abuse not perpetrated within the Church, with the Church's victims being older and more likely to be post pubertal at abuse onset (Cimbolic & Cartor, 2006). Regarding the gender of victims, there is a higher prevalence of boys among the victims of clergy, which is in line with previous findings (McPhillips et al., 2022). While very few studies have analyzed the specific consequences of sexual abuse perpetrated by the clergy, existing evidence reveals that the severity of the effects are as great as the severity of the effects associated with intrafamilial abuse (McGraw et al., 2019). ...

Does Gender Matter?: An Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Religious Socialisation Practices in the Sexual Abuse of Boys and Girls in the Catholic Church
  • Citing Article
  • April 2022

Religion and Gender

... Only a few studies have directly explored identity construction in hunting groups. Like de Rond et al. (2022) but based on a 'cyberethnography', Hussey et al. (2021Hussey et al. ( :1316 found that hunters typically position children as innocent victims to be saved from dangerous monsters to establish themselves 'as brave child saviours' (2021:1320). As with de Rond et al., these archetypal characters reinforce each other: the more impotent the police are perceived to be, the more vulnerable the child, the more beastly the monster, the more heroic the hunter. ...

Pedophile Hunters and Performing Masculinities Online
  • Citing Article
  • September 2021

... This study begins to address this gap by presenting an analysis of the ITs that police hold about youth offending in particular. The larger study for which police were interviewed (Cross, Dwyer, & Richards, 2015) sought to document the youth crime prevention impacts of Police-Citizens Youth Clubs (PCYCs) in Queensland, Australia. In discussing this broader topic, police interviewed for the study provided rich insights into their ITs of youth offending and how youth crime should be addressed. ...

Examining the Effectiveness of Police-Citizens Youth Clubs on Crime Prevention and Community Safety (ePrint) Examining the Effectiveness of Police-Citizens Youth Clubs on Crime Prevention and Community Safety

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Kelly Richards

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Richards

... In addition to examining the prison-based SOTP, McKillop et al. extended their investigations to include reintegration programs, another emerging area of focus in SOTP evaluation. Indeed, there is increased recognition of the complexity of the transitional process from prison back to community, and the important role that through-care and wrap-around services have in supporting re-entry, to meet the varying challenges individuals face (e.g., location and resourcing) and balancing this risk with community safety [36,39]. Acknowledgement of the varying conditions that can impact sustained outcomes has led to calls to align rehabilitation more closely with reintegration support, as an extension of SOTPs [40], and to embed reintegration support early into release planning [18], yet research on the combined effects of SOTP completion combined with reintegration support to reduce sexual recidivism is comparatively limited. ...

The Integration of People Convicted of a Sexual Offence Into the Community and Their (Risk) Management

Current Psychiatry Reports

... Attribution theory, due to its central focus on how people make judgments about actions and events, is relevant to help understand substance intoxication in the context of sexual crimes (Kotanen & Kronstedt, 2019;Richards, 2021). For example, a content analysis of written trial judgments concerning sexual assaults discovered that most court judges tended to make external (including substance use) rather than internal attributions toward sexual crime perpetrators (Coates, 1997). ...

Survivors’ Beliefs About the Causes of Sexual Offending: An Australian Study
  • Citing Article
  • March 2021

... This notion was paralleled by participants in another study, such that justice "depends on the individual" (McGlynn & Westmarland, 2019, p. 194). Richards et al. (2021) further emphasize that survivors' views of justice, and the associated criminal legal response, are variable, multi-dimensional, and dynamic. As such, justice can be understood as varying between and within individuals over time. ...

What Do Victim/Survivors of Sexual Violence Think about Circles of Support and Accountability?
  • Citing Article
  • November 2020

... Therefore, it is crucial to consider this limitation when utilizing our findings for female desisters. Third, two studies included in our metasynthesis specifically examined men who have engaged in sex offending (Richards, 2022;Sandbukt, 2023). As the stigma associated with sex offending can extend to the families of people who have engaged in crime (Evans et al., 2023), the theme concerning the impact of stigma on tertiary desistance may be biased due to the inclusion of these studies. ...

Circles of Support and Accountability: The Role of Social Relations in Core Member Desistance
  • Citing Article
  • October 2020

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology

... Waar eerder nog werd aangenomen dat de impact wel mee zou vallen door het online aspect ('slechts vanachter een beeldscherm'), is tegenwoordig duidelijk dat slachtoffers een niet te onderschatten impact ervaren (zie bijvoorbeeld Leukfeldt et al., 2018). Een belangrijke eerste bevinding die uit verschillende onderzoeken blijkt is dat de door slachtoffers ervaren gevolgen van cybercriminaliteit juist grotendeels overeenkomen met de ervaren gevolgen na slachtofferschap van traditionele delicten Notté et al., 2021;Button et al., 2009;Kerr et al., 2013;Richards & Cross 2018;Borwell et al., 2021Borwell et al., , 2022Bluhm et al., 2022). ...

Online fraud victims’ experiences of participating in qualitative interviews
  • Citing Article
  • January 2018

Criminal Justice Studies