Kai-Fu Lee's scientific contributions

... It is the gut microbial metabolites which link the microbiota and the immune system and modulate various aspects of immune cell function through a plethora of mechanisms [2,3]. Gut microbial dysbiosis has been associated with various pathologies such as cancer, infectious diseases, ageing, obesity, and more recently the gut microbial changes pertaining to female health issues are beginning to come to light [4][5][6][7]. Given that there is a dearth of studies on females, future studies to understand gut microbial changes during menopause, pregnancy, menstruation, osteoarthritis, and cancer are warranted. ...

... At the same time, it has become painfully evident that not all of the gained extra years are healthy: estimates have shown that the proportion of life characterized by good health has remained rather constant between 1990 and 2019 [17], implying that most of the life years gained are lived largely in poor health [12]. As pointed out by Olshansky [18], this leads to a situation where a significant portion of the lifespan is lived during a window of exponentially increasing risk of frailty and chronic disability (Figure 1), with the simultaneous manifestation of many chronic conditions as late life comorbidities [16,19,20]. Therefore, there is an increasing understanding of the importance of so-called "healthy aging" (healthy aging refers to the "healthspan", which is a period of life free from serious chronic diseases and disability [21]. ...

... Owing to the consistently increasing size of the aging population worldwide, the number of elderly patients is increasing. [19,20] Elderly patients comprise a special population owing to their limited tolerance to treatment and poor prognosis. Basic research is urgently needed to uncover the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the progression of NSCLC in elderly patients. ...