K.Mala’s scientific contributions

This paper proposes a biological solution to avoid train accidents caused due to signaling hardware malfunction and human error. Using this proposed solution train collisions can be avoided with considerably higher cost efficiency than the existing safety systems. This solution does not require any track mounted infrastructure, instead it relies on continuous coordination between trains by varying their speeds automatically using Radio Frequency communication. In this paper, a simple algorithm is proposed an d implemented for managing points of conflict or switches where priority of trains has to be handled carefully. This algorithm uses Radio Frequency communication to share the network status messages among the trains and to achieve coordination between trains in possible conflict zones around switches or in shunting yards. This proposed biological solution can decrease the signaling cost of railway transport greatly. In addition, this proposed solution can lead to time and energy savings in railway transport. This biologically inspired approach is implemented using PIC Microcontroller and simulated using PROTEUS IS IS Professional software.

The development in technology has given us all sophistications but equal amounts of threats too. This has brought us an urge to bring a complete security system that monitors an object continuously. Consider a situation where a cargo vehicle carrying valuable material is moving in an area using GPS (an outdoor sensor) we can monitor it but the actual problem arises when its movement involves both indoor (with in the industry) and outdoor because GPS has its limitations in indoor environment. Hence it is essential to have an additional sensor that would enable us a continuous monitoring /tracking with out cutoff of the signal. In this paper we bring out a solution by combining Ultra wide band (UWB) with GPS sensory information which eliminates the limitations of conventional tracking methods in mixed scenario(indoor and outdoor) The same method finds application in mobile robots, monitoring a person on grounds of security, etc.

Wireless sensor networks utilize large numbers of wireless sensor nodes to collect information from their sensing terrain. Wireless sensor nodes are battery-powered devices. Energy saving is always crucial to the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Recently, many algorithms are proposed to tackle the energy saving problem in wireless sensor networks. There are strong needs to develop wireless sensor networks algorithms with optimization priorities biased to aspects besides energy saving. In this project, a delay-aware data collection network structure for wireless sensor networks is proposed based on Multi hop Cluster Network. The objective of the proposed network structure is to determine delays in the data collection processes. The path with minimized delay through which the data can be transmitted from source to destination is also determined. AODV protocol is used to route the data packets from the source to destination.