K. H. Joy's research while affiliated with The University of Manchester and other places

... Automated mineral analysis systems were established in the late nineties for the purposes of the mineral processing industry (Weller et al., 1998;Butcher et al., 2000;Gottlieb et al., 2000;Goodall et al., 2005) and are nowadays largely employed in geological research (Figueroa et al., 2012;Šegvić et al., 2016aBenvenuti et al., 2018;Leila et al., 2018;Bell et al., 2020;Kenis et al., 2020;Schulz, 2020;Schulz et al., 2020). They are based on a SEM hardware bundled to an image analysis software and, at present, the most diffused solutions are TIMA-X by TESCAN, Mineralogic Mining by Zeiss, and QEMSCAN ® by FEI (now Ther-mofisher) . ...

... The U-Pb system continues to be preserved at high pressures and temperatures when other minerals might already have been melted down or altered, disturbing the isotope systems. Zircon plays a key role, not only in the age determination of the terrestrial impact structures [51,59,60,80,81], but also the lunar breccia and meteorites [37,41,43,46,86]. All these features of zircon make it an outstanding mineral for studying impact structures. ...

... Previously, the original presence of cubic zirconia in terrestrial impactites was indirectly inferred from crystallographic orientations of baddeleyite reaction rims surrounding zircons (Timms et al. 2017). Similarly, White et al. (2020) applied EBSD and determined a cubic precursor structure in a large baddeleyite grain from the lunar troctolite 76235. Recently, cubic ZrO 2 was directly observed and documented in granular zircon from the Vredefort impact structure (Kovaleva et al. 2021). ...

... While the exact origin of the variations in Δ 33 S and Δ 36 S values in 75081, 690 is not clear, it appears to be different from the shared 34 S enrichment with 74241, 204, and likely originates from photolytic reactions of S-bearing gaseous molecular species, such as S, SO, SO 2 , H 2 S, and HS. The components of the soils are ancient (Goswami and Lal, 1974), and based on 40 Ar/ 36 Ar trapped for 74241 (7.4) compared to 75081 (0.7), 74241 may have last been exposed to space weathering at 3.13 Ga compared to 0.25 Ga for 75081 (e.g., Curran et al., 2020) which suggests either MIF-S is not linked to processes occurring >3.0 Ga or length of exposure to space weathering is critical for MIF-S production. Although extra-lunar sulfur is thought to contribute to the total sulfur observed in soils (Kerridge et al., 1975;Thode and Rees, 1979), our data are not consistent with acquisition of the MIF-S signature from these sources: the sulfur isotope compositions observed in the meteorite record (Antonelli et al., 2014;Labidi et al., 2017;Dottin et al., 2018;Wu et al., 2018, and references within) do not match our observations. ...

... Clast E1 is a granophyric K-feldspar and silica intergrowth assemblage (Fig. 7b). Its texture is similar to the evolved lithologies in lunar meteorites (Curran et al., 2019;Kuehner et al., 2007;Mercer et al., 2013) and granitic rocks in Apollo samples (Jolliff et al., 1999;Meyer et al., 1996;Seddio et al., 2013Seddio et al., , 2015. The Kfeldspar shows two strong Raman peaks at 472 and 514 cm À1 . ...

... Subsolidus reequilibration may redistribute elements among minerals in a closed system after crystallization, perturbing elemental distributions from those initially representing high-T magmatic processes . We evaluated T-dependent subsolidus reequilibration assuming a closed system composed of plagioclase and minor amounts of pyroxenes that are initially in equilibrium with coexisting residual LMO liquid (e.g., Pernet-Fisher et al., 2017). Assuming subsequent segregation from the magma ocean, we treat the cumulates as a new closed system with a fixed mineral composition (95.1% plagioclase + 4.9% low-Ca pyroxene; Warren, 1990). ...

... All polished sections (Fig. 1) and the parent hand specimen-sized meteorite samples (Korotev 2016) are cross-cut by millimeter-sized vein networks infilled with glassy feldspathic melt (see also the "dark melt" discussed in the section studied by Calzada-Diaz et al. 2016). These melt vein networks are heterogeneous, having patchy mafic and felsic regions (see Figs. 7a and 8a), the average composition of which is enriched in FeO and MgO by~2 wt% relative to the plagioclase phases (1), (2), and (3) (Tables 3-5). ...