K. Bachmann's research while affiliated with Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK and other places

Publications (126)

Article
Where closely related plant species with basic and derived characters can be crossed and produce fertile offspring, the genetics of character evolution can be inferred from the segregation patterns in hybrid offspring. Three species of Micro-seris (Compositae) share a reduction from the usual 4 to 2 pollen sacs per anther by the suppression of the...
Article
About 10% of all angiosperm species have only 2 pollen sacs (microsporangia) per anther in place of the normal 4. The reduction seems to have occurred independently in about 50 angiosperm families and is a prime example of the parallel evolution of a potentially diagnostic taxonomic character (homoplasy). In the genus Microseris reduction from 4 to...
Article
The loss of the two inner (adaxial) microsporangia (MS) on the anthers is a shared, derived character for three species of the genus Microseris (Asteraceae). In a hybrid between M. douglasii (4 MS) and M. bigelovii (2 MS), one major gene and four modifier loci are responsible for the difference in MS number. The homozygous recessive (2 MS) genotype...
Article
Full-text available
Germination and establishment of seeds are complex traits affected by a wide range of internal and external influences. The effects of parental temperature preconditioning and temperature during germination on germination and establishment of Arabidopsis thaliana were examined. Seeds from parental plants grown at 14 and at 22 degrees C were screene...
Article
A world-wide sample of 74 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana was grown at two temperatures (14 and 22 °C). The main question raised in this study is whether the climate at the places of origin of the accessions correlates with their performances under experimental conditions. Sixteen morphological and five phenological characters were scored. The p...
Article
The different response to growth on serpentine soil is a major autecological difference between the annual asteracean species Microseris douglasii and M. bigelovii, with nearly non-overlapping distribution ranges in California. Early flowering and seed set is regarded as a crucial character contributing to escape drought and thus is strongly correl...
Article
Range expansion from Pleistocene refugia and anthropogenic influences contribute to the present distribution pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana. We scored a genome-wide set of CAPSs and found two markers with an east-west geographic distribution across the Eurasian range of the species. Regions around the two SNPs were sequenced in 98 accessions, incl...
Article
The reduction of inner (adaxial) pollen sacs (microsporangia, MS) as a diagnostic character for the three asteracean species, Microseris bigelovii, Microseris elegans and Microseris pygmaea, was analysed in an interspecific cross between Microseris douglasii and Microseris bigelovii with 4 MS and 2 MS, respectively, using the average number of MS p...
Article
A Geographical Information System (GIS) is used to analyse allelic information of 13 sequenced loci of natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana and to identify geographical structures. GIS provides tools for visualization and analysis of geographical population structures using molecular data. The geographical distribution of the number of varia...
Article
Full-text available
In Northern Europe, dandelion populations consist solely of triploid or higher polyploid apomicts. Without a regular sexual cycle or lateral gene transmission, a clonal structure is expected for Taraxacum apomicts, although this was not found by compatibility analysis. In this study, we investigate whether this observation could be suported by perf...
Article
Anthers of the common annual weed, Senecio vulgaris, show an incomplete development of the two adaxial pollen sacs (microsporangia, MS). One or both adaxial MS can be missing, or they are replaced by sterile lobes. The reduction is stronger in the derived subspecies, S. vulgaris var. vulgaris than in the ancestral subspecies, S. vulgaris ssp. denti...
Article
There are few reliable diagnostic morphological characters for species of the asteracean genus Microseris, and quantitative differences in the shapes of the achenes and the paleaceous pappus parts play a decisive role in species recognition. The genetic basis of species and strain differences in various characters has been studied previously, but l...
Article
Full-text available
Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs) and sequence analysis of noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA were used to investigate 37 populations of Eritrichium nanum covering its total distribution area, the European Alps. There was no haplotypic variation within the populations, and most haplotypes were restric...
Article
It has been hypothesized that the subalpine Erinus alpinus survived the Pleistocene glaciation in southern French refugia peripheral to the Alps and postglacially immigrated to its northern Alpine distribution (tabula rasa hypothesis). However, E. alpinus is also known from nunataks in the northern Prealps. PCR–RFLP of the cpDNA revealed no variati...
Article
Full-text available
The Australian and New Zealand Microseris is supposed to have evolved from one or a few diaspores after a unique event of long-distance dispersal from western North America. At present, the plant group includes two species, M. lanceolata (Walp.) Sch.-Bip. and M. scapigera (Forst.) Sch.-Bip., each with two morphologically and ecologically divergent...
Article
Two species in the Mimulus guttatus Fischer ex DC. complex are endemic to ultramafic (serpentine) soils: M. nudatus Curran, restricted to a small area in the coastal mountains, and M. pardalis Pennell, restricted to Slerran ultramafics in central California. It is likely that they originated from independent evolutionary events. While M. guttatus s...
Article
Full-text available
To evaluate the monophyly of Coelogyne (Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae) and reveal sectional relationships and relations to allied genera in subtribe Coelogyninae, we collected PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplified restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) from 11 plastid regions for 42 taxa (28 Coelogyne species and 14 representatives of...
Article
Two main possibilities regarding glacial survival of the mountain flora of the Alps during the Quaternary have been discussed: the tabula rasa and the nunatak hypotheses. Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaudin (Boraginaceae) is a perennial cushion plant, occurring at high elevations of the Central Alps and having a preference for extreme habitats. It belong...
Article
Population genetics had played a key role in the fusion of Mendelian genetics and Darwinian natural selection into the Synthetic Theory of Evolution. The realization that all basic processes of evolution occur in or among populations suggested that evolutionary processes at all levels could be extrapolated from observations on living populations. I...
Article
Full-text available
DNA polymorphisms are the markers of choice for the identification and characterization of plants. They are an integral part of the plant and they are not subject to environmental modification. There are relatively reliable, generally applicable methods to obtain large samples of markers from any species of plant. However, each marker system sample...
Article
The disjunct allotetraploid lineage of the North American genus Microseris in New Zealand and Australia originated from one or a few diaspores after a single introduction via long-distance dispersal. The plants have evolved into four morphologically distinct ecotypes: ‘fine-pappus’, ‘coastal’, ‘murnong’, and ‘alpine’, from which the first two are g...
Article
The genus Cichorium consists of two widely cultivated species C. intybus (chicory) and C. endivia (endive) and four wild species, C. bottae, C. spinosum, C. calvum, and C. pumilum. A multivariate and an UPGMA (unweighted pair group method average) analysis based on AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers were used to establish the gen...
Article
Highly variable amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints of triploid apomictic dandelions obtained from three localities in an area where diploids are lacking were analysed to infer the predominant modes of reproduction. The distribution of markers was analysed using character compatibility to infer whether many genotypes agree wi...
Article
We have identified a set of informative STMS markers in onion (Allium cepa L.) and report on their application for genotyping and for determining genetic relationships. The markers have been developed from a genomic library enriched for microsatellites. Integrity of the microsatellite polymorphism was confirmed by amplicon sequencing. The microsate...
Article
1. There is a long-standing debate about the fate of the mountain flora of the Alps during Quaternary glaciation. Two main possibilities of giacial survival of alpine plant taxa have been proposed, namely the tabula rasa and the nunatak hypotheses. However, few molecular studies testing these two hypotheses in alpine plant species have been carried...